Fu Hengzhi's life can be said to be a life of seeking knowledge and innovation.
He founded the only State Key Laboratory of Solidification Technology in China in 1988.
He presided over major projects of the National Natural Science Foundation, important national basic research projects (973) and national defense pre-research projects, and published 4 monographs such as Superalloys and Melting Technology, with more than 30 doctoral supervisors, more than 40 masters and 0 postdoctoral/kloc-0.
From 65438 to 0958, Fu Hengzhi, as the only graduate student studying in the Soviet Union, went to Leningrad Institute of Technology in the Soviet Union to study. Professor Nie Hengqi, the most prestigious foundry professor in the Soviet Union, is Fu Hengzhi's mentor. He once praised his idea of a new high-temperature alloy technology for melting special materials: "Dare to think what predecessors did not think, dare to do what predecessors did not do, and have innovative thinking. Good! " At that time, Fu Hengzhi developed a series of new superalloys, among which Ni-Cr-based superalloys were applied to the blades of Soviet aero-engines, which filled the gap in the field of international superalloys and obtained the patents of Soviet scientific and technological inventions.
1962, graduated from Fu Hengzhi, and obtained an associate doctor's degree due to his outstanding achievements.
After returning from the Soviet Union, Fu Hengzhi has been devoted to the research of materials science for many years. He also holds a number of scientific and educational firsts: one of the founders of the foundry specialty of Northwestern Polytechnical University, trained the first doctor of foundry engineering in China, pioneered the computer simulation and three-dimensional control technology of steady and unsteady directional solidification based on controlling the position of liquid-solid interface in China, took the lead in establishing the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Technology in China, and put forward the concepts of non-equilibrium solute redistribution and ultra-fine directional structure at the liquid-solid interface for the first time in the world. These novel ideas have attracted great attention of scholars at home and abroad and are considered as solidification theorists.
Academician Fu Hengzhi devoted himself to the cause of science education, with fruitful results and brilliant achievements. He has won 4 national scientific and technological progress awards and invention awards, 4 ministerial and provincial special prizes, and the first prize 1 item. More than 300 papers have been published, and hundreds of them have been included in international abstracts and famous publications such as EI, American Chemical Abstracts, International Astronautical Abstracts and Journal of Applied Physics. His outstanding achievements in scientific research led him to be recommended as a member of the board of directors of the Fifth International Federation of Universities. 1992 was awarded an honorary doctorate by the Russian st. petersburg state polytechnical university, nominated by the American Biography Institute, and won the World Lifetime Achievement Award in the same year; 1993 became the first member of the Academy of Sciences of an international university in China composed of world-renowned scientists and educators. 1995 In early 1995, 65438 was elected as a foreign academician of Russian Academy of Astronautics, and in May of the same year, he was elected as an academician of China Academy of Engineering with a high vote.
He is quite accomplished in aerospace materials and their processing technology, and has presided over many model development tasks. His special alloy and its intermetallic compound aero-engine blade liquid dieless electromagnetic forming and ultra-high gradient ultra-fine directional solidification technology are the first in the world, which provides a scientific material and technical basis for the development of aero-engines with thrust ratio above 10 in China.
Academician Fu Hengzhi has profound knowledge, rigorous scholarship and keen scientific thinking. He has always stood at the forefront of the development of materials science, brilliantly extracted the scientific problems of materials and their processing, and made great contributions to the development of high-temperature structural materials for aerospace. He is lenient with others, strict with himself and tireless in teaching others. With the courage and boldness of scientists, he promoted the development of materials and processing disciplines. He founded the only State Key Laboratory of Solidification Technology in China in 1988.
Academician Fu Hengzhi has been engaged in the teaching and research of the theory and technology of cast steel, casting superalloys, orientation and single crystal solidification for a long time. The concept of non-equilibrium solute redistribution at liquid-solid interface and its related functional relationship were put forward first in the world. The sub-rapid directional solidification, ultra-fine structure, solidified structure and properties of superalloys and rare earth permanent magnet alloys were studied, and the super-cell/dendritic directional structure with several times higher properties was obtained. "ZMLMC ultra-high temperature gradient directional solidification method and device" won the second prize of National Science and Technology Progress Award 1994. At the same time, it also won many national invention awards and provincial and ministerial scientific and technological progress awards, such as "directional solidification ultra-fine columnar structure and its formation mechanism". At present, more than 400 academic papers have been published, including 4 monographs such as Superalloys and Melting Technology, more than 30 doctoral supervisors, more than 40 masters and 0 postdoctoral fellows.
Teaching and research on the theory and technology of casting steel, casting superalloys, directional solidification and single crystal solidification, presiding over major projects of the National Natural Science Foundation, important national basic research projects (973) and national defense pre-research projects, and independently developing the preparation technology of Ti-Al intermetallic compound non-contact electromagnetic forming single crystal directional solidification engine blades with high thrust and ultra-high temperature engine as the research background. The successful development of this technology will make the level of aero-engine materials in China reach a new level and a brand-new situation will emerge.
196 1 year, a new type of superalloy was developed for production. In the study of non-equilibrium directional solidification and microstructure control of alloys, a new concept of non-equilibrium solute distribution is put forward. He wrote papers such as Solidification Characteristics of Superalloys in Non-equilibrium State. The non-equilibrium solidification theory, sub-rapid directional structure and ultra-fine structure, solidification structure and properties of superalloy and rare earth permanent magnet alloy, and directional solidification technology of electromagnetic confinement forming were creatively studied. The temperature gradient of the ultra-high gradient directional solidification device developed by the leader can reach 1300 C/cm/cm, which is three times higher than the international best level at that time. The theoretical framework of dendrite transformation and sub-rapid directional solidification is established, which opens up a new field of research on ultrafine single crystals and directional structures. On this basis, a new technology of electromagnetic forming directional solidification is proposed.
1938 at the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, the whole family fled and moved to Xi 'an.
From 65438 to 0947, Fu Hengzhi was admitted to the Mechanical Department of Northwest Institute of Technology with excellent results. On the day of welcoming liberation, this warm-blooded young man joined the Youth League and served as the secretary of the Youth League branch.
1950 joined * * * and graduated in the same year.
From 1952 to 1955, I was admitted to Harbin Institute of Technology to study for a master's degree.
1958, Fu Hengzhi, as the only graduate student in the national foundry discipline at that time, went to Leningrad Institute of Technology in the Soviet Union to study heat-resistant alloys under Professor Nie Hengqi, the most prestigious authority in the Soviet foundry industry.
At that time, the nickel-based superalloy used in aerospace cutting-edge technology had excellent properties? However, internationally, this alloy takes high content of aluminum and titanium as the main strengthening elements, so it must be cast in vacuum, otherwise it will be easily oxidized. In the early 1960s, there was almost no such vacuum smelting equipment in China. In view of this actual situation, Fu Hengzhi thought: Can we make a kind of high-temperature alloy which does not contain aluminum and titanium, does not need vacuum melting, and its performance is equivalent to that of nickel-based high-temperature alloy containing aluminum and titanium? If there is this kind of superalloy, wouldn't it solve the urgent demand for this kind of high-temperature material in China? This is an unprecedented bold idea! Fu Hengzhi carefully told this idea to his tutor, Professor Nie Hengqi, and was greatly appreciated by his tutor: "Dare to think what predecessors did not think, dare to do what predecessors did not do, and have innovative thinking. Good! "
With the support of his mentor, Fu Hengzhi made a difficult exploration. He has designed more than 60 alloy schemes, and the performance test of each scheme has to be carried out at 800℃ for 6000 hours. For experiments, he often forgets to eat and sleep, and stays up all night. After more than two years of unremitting efforts and repeated screening, on the basis of systematic research on Ni-Cr-Mo-W-Nb alloy series, a new type of superalloy series "Al-free and Ti-free Ni-Cr base" was finally developed. Fu Hengzhi wrote these research results in his paper "Study on Microstructure and Properties of Ni-Cr-based Cast Superalloys". Before the thesis defense and alloy setting, the new Ni-Cr-based superalloy he developed was used in the guide blades of Soviet aero-engines. Why do Soviet aviation experts especially like this new alloy? Because this alloy does not contain aluminum and titanium and does not need vacuum melting, it has achieved the excellent properties of nickel-based superalloys containing aluminum and titanium in the world at that time, that is, it not only has good mechanical properties, but also has excellent casting properties. At that time, it was considered to fill a gap in the field of international superalloy research, which was well-deserved at the international leading level and highly praised by experts at home and abroad. Because of this, his research results won the patent of Soviet scientific and technological invention. 1962, graduated from the Department of Physical Metallurgy of Leningrad Institute of Technology, and obtained an associate doctorate in science and technology of the Soviet Union.
Pioneering and innovating to climb the research peak of superalloys;
1962 After returning from the Soviet Union, Fu Hengzhi continued to study the relationship between the composition, microstructure, castability and mechanical properties of superalloys. Superalloys are widely used in aviation, aerospace, shipbuilding, power generation, machine tools, petrochemical and other industries, mainly used to manufacture hot-end components in aero-engines. In order to meet the needs of the development of new engines, the research on directional solidification and single crystal technology of turbine blades was carried out, and the computer simulation of steady and unsteady processes of directional solidification and three-dimensional control technology of crystal orientation based on controlling the position of liquid-solid interface were pioneered in China, which significantly improved the microstructure and properties of directional and single crystal blades and provided key technologies for the development of directional solidification and single crystal technology of blades in China. Since then, in view of the shortcomings of directional solidification, such as low temperature gradient, slow cooling rate and coarse structure, he proposed a new idea of ultra-high gradient directional solidification and ultra-fine structure, and successfully obtained directional ultra-fine columnar structure. In Ni-based and Co-based alloys, the obtained crystal structure is 4 ~ 10 times finer than that of HRS directional solidification, and the high-temperature durability is 12 times higher than that of similar alloys. The ultra-high gradient directional solidification device developed by him has a temperature gradient more than three times that of the highest level in the world today. Because the research of high gradient crystal growth and ultra-high gradient directional solidification device has reached the international leading level, these two technologies have won the first and second prizes of the Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics and the second and third prizes of national scientific and technological progress respectively.
The development of instrument industry puts forward new requirements for magnetic materials. Rare earth permanent magnet materials manufactured by traditional powder metallurgy methods are extremely fragile and easy to be damaged, so it is impossible to manufacture thin or complex permanent magnets. In order to solve this problem, under the guidance of solidification theory, magnetic theory and composite material theory, Professor Fu Hengzhi put forward a new idea of introducing plastic phase and controlling solidification process by new means. After several years' efforts, the relationship between the casting structure, composition, solidification characteristics, crystal orientation and magnetic properties of the second generation (Sm-Co) and the third generation (NdFeB) permanent magnets was established, and the machinable rare earth cobalt permanent magnet material was invented. This material can be turned, deformed, or cut into ultra-thin magnetic sheets with a thickness of only 0.2 mm, thus breaking through the forbidden boundary that Sm-Co alloy is completely brittle and cannot be machined. Moreover, the magnetic energy obtained was at the leading level in the world at that time. It has been successfully applied to domestic satellite isolators and won the first prize of scientific and technological progress of the Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics and the third prize of national invention.
In 1990s, in order to meet the needs of aerospace industry, Professor Fu Hengzhi led the research on the processing mechanism and crystallization of ultra-fine timely fiber. The developed high-purity ultra-fine timely fiber was recognized by the national high-tech and new material appraisal group as: "Its performance has reached the level of similar products in the United States, filling the domestic gap." Nowadays, high-purity superfine timely fiber has been used in aerospace thermal protection ceramic tiles, and its theoretical achievements have won the Science and Technology Progress Award of the State Education Commission 1994.
From 65438 to 0995, Professor Fu Hengzhi undertook the research on the topic of "Integrated Technology of Ultra-fine Structure and Self-restrained Forming of Single Crystal Directional Blades". The research of this topic tries to solve two major problems in material metallurgy technology: first, how to improve the temperature gradient of single crystal and directional solidification equipment; The second is how to eliminate the pollution of liquid alloy in the forming process. Professor Fu Hengzhi devoted himself to the research of directional solidification technology of superalloys, explored ways to improve the temperature gradient during directional solidification, introduced the ultra-high gradient ZMLMC directional solidification method, and achieved a temperature gradient of over 1000K/cm in the laboratory, which was about 10 times higher than the directional solidification equipment produced by Leybold Company in Germany, and reached the leading level in the world today. This achievement won the first prize of scientific and technological progress of the Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics and the second prize of national scientific and technological progress (national defense).
A fruitful and unremitting struggle:
Academician Fu Hengzhi devoted himself to the cause of science education, with fruitful results and brilliant achievements. Won 4 national scientific and technological progress invention awards, 4 ministerial-level special prizes and 4 first prizes; More than 300 papers have been published, of which hundreds have been included in international abstracts and famous publications such as American Chemical Abstracts, International Astronautical Abstracts and Journal of Applied Physics. He has been invited to attend international academic conferences and lectures abroad for many times: he has given academic reports at Caspian University, National Bureau of Standards, Berlin University of Technology and Aachen University of Technology. He also visited some famous universities and research institutions in the former Soviet Union, Russia and Ukraine and gave lectures there.
At St. Petersburg State University of Technology and Moscow Institute of Aeronautical Materials, his lectures on "Crystal Directional Growth and Single Crystal Superalloys" were highly praised. Harold Shailov, a professor at St. Petersburg University of Technology, a meritorious scientist of the Soviet Union and an academician of the Academy of Sciences, thinks that Professor Fu Hengzhi's lecture on "Redistribution of Solute in Directional Solidification" is a "breakthrough in the theory of alloy phase transformation".
His outstanding achievements in scientific research led him to be recommended as a member of the board of directors of the Fifth International Federation of Universities. 1992 was awarded an honorary doctorate by the Russian st. petersburg state polytechnical university, nominated by the American Biography Institute, and won the World Lifetime Achievement Award in the same year; 1993 became the first member of the Academy of Sciences of an international university in China composed of world-renowned scientists and educators. /kloc-0 was elected as a foreign academician of Russian Academy of Astronautics in early 1995, and was honored to be an academician of China Academy of Engineering in May. He is currently the director of the academic Committee of Northwestern Polytechnical University, the chairman of Shaanxi Aviation Society and the vice chairman of China Aviation Society.
Mulberry is deeply willing to make more contributions to his hometown;
The 76-year-old Academician Fu Hengzhi did not change his local accent. When he met his relatives in his hometown, he was very excited and enthusiastic. He said, I am from Henan, I love Henan, I am old, I pay more attention to my hometown, and I am eager to make some contributions to my hometown. From 65438 to 0986, my classmate He Zhukang, who was studying in the Soviet Union, was the governor of Henan Province, my student Zhao Di was the deputy secretary of the Henan Provincial Party Committee, and I was the president of Northwestern Polytechnical University. At their kind invitation, several leaders of Northwestern Polytechnical University and I came to Zhengzhou from Xi to discuss how to contribute to Henan's economic development. Accompanied by Comrade Zhao Di, we visited Luoyang and other rapidly developing cities, and came to Luoyang Institute of Technology, where we were warmly received by the leaders and left a good impression. Later, Comrade Zhao Di went back to Northwestern Polytechnical University to attend the celebration and talked about doing practical things for Henan. Finally, I chose Luoyang Institute of Technology.
1998 during the Peony Flower Festival, I went to Luoyang Institute of Technology for an in-depth inspection again, and the two sides began to cooperate. Since the establishment of Henan University of Science and Technology, I have been hired as a shared academician and part-time professor, and set up a special office. I feel the responsibility is on my shoulders and always bear it in mind. Although I will go to Henan University of Science and Technology twice a year in recent years to give academic reports and guide some work, I always hope to do more and better work. It is hoped that Henan University of Science and Technology will develop faster and make greater contributions to the economic and social development of Henan Province.
Academician Fu Hengzhi was employed by Henan Polytechnic University:
In March 2005, after being employed by Henan Polytechnic University, Academician Fu Hengzhi decided to take out 200,000 yuan from his salary given by the school every year, plus 654.38+million yuan from the school, making a total of 300,000 yuan as a source of funds, and set up the "Metal Materials and Processing Engineering Discipline Development Fund" to reward teachers and students of Henan Polytechnic University. The Development Fund was established in June 2005, and so far more than 40 teachers and students have benefited from it. The fund is mainly used to support the construction of materials science, activate academic atmosphere, promote academic exchanges, reward master students and doctoral students in materials science and related disciplines with excellent academic performance, and encourage them to achieve creative results in their study and research work.
Since he was hired as a professor at Henan Polytechnic University in 2005, he has established the Institute of Physical Metallurgy of Materials, which has led the construction and development of the school's materials discipline, helped to refine and form academic research directions such as solidification technology and metastable materials, advanced connection technology and phase transformation theory of materials, and numerical simulation of material processing, and made important progress.