What is frustration education?
The so-called frustration education refers to the negative emotional experience and psychological state that individuals encounter insurmountable obstacles and interference when engaging in purposeful activities, which leads to the failure of personal motivation and personal needs. In recent years, some schools in China have begun to carry out "frustration education", but few people pay attention to it in early childhood education. Children's education in kindergarten lacks the elements of frustration tolerance, and even hinders the cultivation of frustration tolerance. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out "frustration education" for young children, which is an indispensable and important content for cultivating cross-century talents and must not be taken lightly. According to the needs of children's physical and mental development and education, it is to create certain situations and put forward some difficult problems, so that children can solve problems with their hands and brains, so that they can gradually form the ability to bear difficulties and adapt to the environment, and cultivate a strong will to be fearless, persevering and enterprising. We know that people's life can't be smooth sailing, and difficulties and setbacks are inevitable. Therefore, it will be beneficial for children to better adapt to society by educating them about setbacks, letting them experience some setbacks, getting exercise and cultivating good psychological quality and conduct. However, the formation of children's good psychological quality needs a long and complicated process, which cannot be achieved overnight. As a kindergarten teacher, I think we should persuade and persist according to children's age characteristics and daily life, so as to finally achieve the goal of frustration education for children. Specifically, we can start from the following aspects: First, let the children go out of the protection circle of adults, let go of their hands and feet, and let the children do what they can. If you spoil your children too much, everything will do the opposite, and eventually you will develop a subtle weakness, so that you will be at a loss when you encounter setbacks. For example, if the child falls down, if it is not serious, we should encourage him to get up by himself instead of rushing to help him; If children want toys, they should be encouraged to get them themselves, and they should be encouraged to get dressed and so on. Never let them "open their mouths for food and reach for clothes". We should let children encounter certain obstacles and setbacks on their way forward, and let them gradually learn to face everything in life independently. Secondly, let children actively participate in various activities to hone their physical ability and exercise their will. For example, in kindergartens, they can be encouraged to work hard as students on duty and do something for the collective; When winter comes, encourage them to get up early, run and do morning exercises, and hone their will and perseverance to resist the cold; At home, you can also let them do some small things within their power; Take children hiking, mountain climbing, visiting parks, etc. On holidays, let children feel tired and hard, and realize that life is not only sweet, but also bitter and spicy, so that children are frustrated and tempered in various environments. Third, children can be consciously educated in setbacks through criticism, punishment and neglect. Now some children are very smart, but because parents always let their children win in various games and competitions and always praise their children for their best work, they are competitive and self-righteous, and occasionally accept criticism, they will be depressed, angry or lose confidence. Therefore, it is very necessary to criticize them properly and point out their shortcomings and deficiencies. For example, in games, these children don't have to be the protagonists, and in competitions, they don't have to try their best to win. When children make mistakes, giving them moderate punishment can also make them feel frustrated and learn to adjust themselves. Finally, kindergarten teachers should pay great attention to their words and deeds in their daily life. Because of its attitude towards setbacks and good personality and morality, it will have a subtle influence on children. Preschool teachers must lead by example, set an example for children, educate and guide children with their own personal experiences and life experiences, and make them realize that ideals are beautiful, but it is very arduous to realize them. It is normal and inevitable for people to suffer setbacks in real life. At the same time, children can also be inspired by the stories of celebrities when they were young. Of course, the frustration education for young children should also be moderate, otherwise it will be counterproductive. When carrying out frustration education, we should pay attention to the following problems: (1) Pay attention to moderation and moderation. The situation set for children should be difficult, which can cause children's frustration, but it should not be too difficult, and children should overcome it through hard work. At the same time, children can't face too many problems at once. Because moderate and moderate setbacks can make children correctly adjust their mentality, overcome difficulties and pursue the next goal; However, excessive setbacks will damage children's self-confidence and enthusiasm, make them have serious frustration and fear, and eventually lose interest and confidence. (2) Be good at encouraging children. It is inevitable that children will retreat when they encounter difficulties. At this time, children should be encouraged to realize that people will encounter many setbacks in their lives. Only by courageously working hard can they finally overcome difficulties and setbacks. In addition, when children make great efforts to achieve certain results, they should be affirmed in time, so that children can see their abilities and face new difficulties confidently. (3) Be good at guiding children. When children fall into the situation of severely punishing setbacks, we should help them analyze the subjective and objective reasons of setbacks, find out the crux of failure, let them achieve their goals step by step, and realize that only by overcoming difficulties can they keep moving forward. Usually, we should be good at observing children's activities and grasping their development trends. If the child fails in several attempts to overcome difficulties, he should give concrete help in time. (4) Give children more opportunities to communicate with their peers. Through interaction with peers, children can find different views from themselves, so as to better understand others and themselves and overcome the wrong tendency of self-centeredness. In peer groups, children often experience some setbacks, such as disagreement and submission to the position of being led, which can prompt them to learn how to get along and cooperate in constant tempering, thus improving their frustration tolerance. On the other hand, mutual communication and guidance between peers can also help children overcome difficulties and solve problems better. In short, as the ancients said, "heroes have suffered a lot since ancient times and have never been handsome." Suffering and frustration can best exercise people's quality and will, and are indispensable experiences for children's growth. Frustration education for young children will inevitably promote them to better face the difficulties and setbacks in their study and life and learn to be self-reliant and self-reliant.