Academy: Academy is an ancient folk education institution in China. At first, it was only a local educational institution, which first appeared in the Tang Dynasty. The formal education system was founded by Zhu and developed in the Song Dynasty. At that time, wealthy businessmen and scholars raised their own funds, built study rooms in secluded places in the mountains, or bought school fields to collect rent to supplement their funds.

Private school: Private school is an ancient private school in China, as opposed to official school. Private schools came into being in the Spring and Autumn Period. Although Confucius was not the founder of private school, it was the largest and had the deepest influence, which lasted for more than two thousand years and occupied an important position in the history of education in China.

Official school: Official school refers to the school system directly organized and managed by the feudal court in China, as well as the local schools run by successive governments according to administrative divisions. Including central official schools and local official schools, together constituted the most important official education system in ancient China.

2. Historical evolution is different.

Academy: From the end of Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties, there were frequent wars and official schools declined. Many literati avoided living in the mountains, so they imitated the Buddhist meditation system to establish academies, forming a unique educational organization form in China feudal society.

Academy is a higher education institution that integrates book collection, teaching and scientific research. The academy system sprouted in the Tang Dynasty, perfected in the Song Dynasty and abolished in the Qing Dynasty. It has a history of more than 1,000 years, and has had an important impact on the education and cultural development of China feudal society.

Private school: Private school came into being in the Spring and Autumn Period. Although Confucius was not the founder of private school, his private school was the largest and most influential. At that time, the unified slave country, the Western Zhou Dynasty, gradually declined, and the ceremony collapsed and the music was bad.

From "learning in the government" to "learning in the four foreigners" It turned out that the officials of the Western Zhou Dynasty went to various vassal States to seek a way out, and the private doors and even big doctors in various vassal States needed scholars to serve them, competing to raise scholars, and the way out for scholars gradually widened, so the "scholar" class appeared. The cultivation of scholars has become an urgent requirement, and private schools have emerged.

Official learning: The pre-Qin period was a period of great development of Taoism, with many figures and various schools, which had a great influence on the development of ancient culture in China. After the vigorous development of Chu State and Qi State, Jixia Xuegong formed a situation of "Huang Lao dominates a hundred schools" at the end of the Warring States Period, just as Mr. Meng said.

3. Different characteristics

Academy: Academy has a long history in China. It originated in the Tang Dynasty, flourished in the Song Dynasty and declined in the late Qing Dynasty for thousands of years. It is a unique educational organization in China feudal society and unique in the history of world education development. It played a great role in promoting the development of academic culture and personnel training in the late feudal society of China.

Collecting books, offering sacrifices and giving lectures are the "three major undertakings" that constitute the academy. As the collection of books is an important content and feature of ancient academies, the collection of books in ancient academies has become an important type of books in China. Together with official books, private books and temple books, it is called the four pillars of ancient books collection in China.

Private schools: Aristocratic, the "education without class" of private schools has broken through the boundaries of race, region and class, and the opportunities for ordinary people to receive cloth education have increased significantly. Diversification of teaching, because most private schools have their own independent academic pursuits, and because of the universality of educational objects, private school education has diversified characteristics in content and mode.

Official learning: not only has class nature, but also has obvious hierarchy. The purpose of running a school is to train all kinds of feudal ruling talents for the court. A special education administrative agency and education director have been set up to manage the central official school. The content of education is mainly Confucian classics, and the four books and five classics are the main teaching materials.

The central official school has played a very important role in cultivating all kinds of outstanding talents, inheriting China's ancient cultural heritage and prospering scientific and academic undertakings. It has also played a positive role in promoting cultural exchanges between China and Asian and European countries and enhancing the friendship between China and people of other countries.

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