There are 5 16 articles in The Analects of Confucius, and only 10 has been selected as the textbook (now the textbook in Changchun edition has been changed to 8 articles). It is not enough to understand the value of The Analects of Confucius only by learning the content of 10. Therefore, after intensive reading 10, other contents must be expanded.

(1) Confucius' thoughts. Confucius' thoughts are profound and profound, and ethical thoughts are the essence, such as his benevolence, filial piety, friendship and commitment. This kind of thinking is undoubtedly a very good method, which can reduce the influence of the social reality that most people's psychological and moral defense lines have collapsed and their moral consciousness is weak, and improve students' conscious resistance to the invasion of bad habits.

Confucius' ideal is to realize a world full of love between people. To achieve world harmony, the key is to instill benevolence into the masses, so we should cultivate a large number of benevolent gentlemen who are interested in carrying forward and carrying forward benevolence. Such a person with lofty ideals should not only have the ambition of being broad-minded and benevolent, but also have the ability and integrity of being broad-minded and benevolent. Therefore, Confucius' education is definitely not today's exam-oriented education mixed with quality education, but follows the principle of serving the society and educating people for life. Confucius' education is based on moral education, and it is necessary to educate students to have a sense of social responsibility and lifelong learning. Moreover, he also advocates "happy learning", that is, learning happily. This is quite different from the fact that most students study hard for exams and pursue personal development. Therefore, teachers should guide students to establish a sense of social responsibility and form the concept of lifelong learning through the extension of knowledge in and out of class.

(2) Expanded the related contents of Ten Analects of Confucius. For example, after learning Confucius's "learning from time to time is not bad", it is necessary to expand Confucius's "knowing is not as good as being good, and being good is not as good as being happy". Only in this way can today's hard-working students understand Confucius' thought of "learning to be happy" and form the habit of learning to be happy.

Second, guide students to absorb the spiritual wealth contained in The Analects.

(1) enterprising spirit. Confucius said: "In a threesome, there must be a teacher. Choose good and follow it, but change it if it is not good. " (The Analects of Confucius) Confucius said: "See the sage Si Qi Yan, see the sage and introspect." ("The Analects of Confucius")

Both of these traditional versions show Confucius' modesty and eagerness to learn, but in a deep sense, they show Confucius' enterprising spirit of self-improvement. It is precisely because of this spirit of self-improvement that we can see the strengths of people around us, study consciously and strive to improve ourselves.

Through the expansion of these contents, students can understand that this spirit of self-improvement is very important for personal growth and national development. Because only by constantly striving for self-improvement, only by having a strong desire for self-development, only by having indomitable perseverance and courage can individuals achieve something and the country prosper.

(2) the spirit of reflection. Confucius believes that only by constantly reflecting on oneself can one achieve the best state and reach the standard of "gentleman", so teachers can expand other contents in this content.

For example, Confucius said, "If you don't change, you will pass." ("The Analects of Confucius Wei Linggong")

Confucius said, "A gentleman is mistaken as the food of the sun and the moon; Everyone saw it; What's more, everyone is very admired. " ("The Analects of Confucius Zhang Zi")

From here, students can see Confucius who is sober-minded and can know himself, and they can also see Confucius who dares to reflect on himself sincerely. On this basis, guide students to realize that the spirit of reflection is self-awareness and the courage to question and examine themselves. And self-reflection can not be separated from the spirit of self-improvement we talked about earlier. With the spirit of introspection, we can truly strive for self-improvement. All these should be internalized as a kind of self-cultivation, so that we can really improve ourselves and become a lifelong learner and a useful person to society.

(3) the spirit of tolerance. Confucius said, "People who don't know or care are not gentlemen!" Confucius said, "Gentlemen are harmonious but different, while villains are at odds." (The Analects of Confucius Lutz)

The tolerance mentioned above is not only the ability to tolerate others, but also the ability to learn from others' advantages. We should accept the personality differences that are different from our own pursuits, as long as they are useful to ourselves, and become the driving force and source to promote our own development. Nowadays, students have strong personalities, and most of them are self-centered, thinking that they are the best and can't see the advantages of others. Therefore, in teaching, teachers must make students realize that as an individual, if they want to integrate into this society, they must be able to learn from others, tolerate others, learn the most intelligent things, and make themselves the most intelligent and useful people to society.