(2) Comparative education method, which compares and distinguishes the nature and characteristics of two different things and phenomena, draws correct conclusions and improves ideological understanding. As far as the content is concerned, there are horizontal ratios and vertical ratios, and the specific methods of application include recall comparison method (recalling the past is better than the present, recalling the bitter experience and thinking sweet), comparative identification method (distinguishing truth from wrong by comparison) and analogy method (drawing their other common characteristics by comparing similar phenomena in attributes).
(3) the typical education method, through the demonstration of typical characters or things, educates people to improve their ideological understanding. There are two most commonly used forms. Negative model (reflecting backward and erroneous ideas) and positive model (representing correct and advanced ideas).
(4) Self-education method, according to the goals and requirements of ideological and political education, is a method to actively improve ideological understanding, including self-cultivation (introspection, reflection and self-transformation), self-management (self-control, self-discipline) and self-adjustment (adjustment of the relationship with the environment, cognitive adjustment and emotional adjustment).
(5) Encourage infection education to arouse people's enthusiasm by stimulating their subjective initiative. Including goal motivation, reward and punishment motivation, competition motivation, image infection, art infection and group infection.