The learning experience based on "tower" is the most concrete, and the more abstract it is. It classifies different teaching materials and methods according to the specific degree of their learning experience, and is a theoretical guide for teachers to choose appropriate media according to the needs and abilities of students and the nature of teaching tasks.
Second, the classification basis of "tower" → the degree of concreteness or abstraction has nothing to do with learning difficulty. All kinds of learning experiences are interrelated and permeated with each other. In teaching, we should make full use of various learning methods to organically link learners' direct experience with indirect experience.
Third, teaching should start with concrete experience, gradually abstract and prevent "empty talk"-from concept to concept.
Learning indirect experience should be based on direct experience as much as possible. At the same time, we should also guide students to develop abstract thinking in a timely manner.
Everyone's experience is limited by time and space. Audio-visual teaching media located at the waist of the "tower" can provide learners with what Dell calls "alternative experience", which is helpful to break through the limitation of time and space, solve the contradiction between concrete experience and abstract experience in teaching, and make up for the shortcomings of various direct experiences.
Mainly from concrete to abstract and then developed into concepts.
Second, the theory of educational communication
The Application of Communication Theory in Teaching
Many researchers use the concept of communication theory and the elements of related models to explain the teaching process, and put forward many theoretical models about the teaching communication process, which laid a theoretical foundation for educational communication. This is mainly manifested in the following aspects.
(1) Explain the elements involved in the teaching process.
American political scientist H.
Lasswell put forward the linear communication mode to express the five basic elements "5W" in the general communication process, and some people developed it into the "7W" mode (Table 2- 1). Each "W" is similar to a corresponding element in the teaching process, and these elements naturally become an important factor to be concerned, analyzed and considered in the teaching design, so as to study the teaching process and solve teaching problems. This 7w refers to:
Table 2-1:Who is in 7W mode?
The teaching target is the affected students.
(2) Point out the two-way teaching process.
The early communication theory believed that communication was a one-way indoctrination process. It believes that the receiver only passively accepts the information and can only accept the intention of the sender. This kind of communication thought ignores the initiative and autonomy of the receiver, which is obviously a one-sided understanding. The model proposed by osgood and Shi Lamu emphasizes that both parties are active communication subjects. The receiver not only accepts and explains the information, but also reacts to it, which shows that communication is a two-way interactive process, and the communication process can be continuously circulated through the feedback mechanism. The dissemination of teaching information is also realized through the communication between teachers and both sides, so the design of teaching process must pay attention to the analysis and arrangement of teaching and learning, and make full use of feedback information to adjust and control at any time to achieve the expected teaching objectives.
(3) Determine the basic stages of the teaching exchange process.
Third, system science theory.
Mainly system and teaching system, systematic methods and steps.
Fourth, learning theory.
1) behaviorism theory
2) Cognitive theory
3) Constructivism theory
The above teaching theories have their own advantages and disadvantages. We should use these methods properly in teaching, so as to finish teaching better.
A lot of content needs further study and mastery.