Whether it is university education or middle school education, its teaching system is composed of four elements: teachers, students, teaching materials and teaching media. Compared with many attempts of basic education reform, the current university teaching still follows the teacher-centered and discipline-centered teaching status quo, and classroom teaching is mostly based on lectures, which is difficult to stimulate students' interest and initiative in learning. Therefore, no matter from the perspective of students' learning level or teachers' teaching level, there are some problems in college teaching, which affect the improvement of classroom teaching quality.

From the student's point of view, in the teacher-led classroom, teachers set several teaching stages according to their personal experience, so it is difficult to consider the individual needs of students, and the learning state of students does not match the teaching process of teachers. For example, students' thinking in class can't keep up with the rhythm of teachers' teaching, but they can't give timely feedback; Students' doubts about self-study after class have not been answered in time, which directly leads to students' lack of interest and motivation in learning. It is not uncommon for universities to "basically sleep in class, copy homework and cover exams". In addition, the current traditional teaching also lacks the cultivation of students' expressive ability and critical thinking ability.

From the teacher's point of view, due to heavy teaching tasks, limited class hours, large class size and other reasons, teachers often try to impart knowledge to students as much as possible in the shortest time, lacking deep interaction and emotional communication with students. Teachers have become simple knowledge givers, and teaching activities have almost become repetitive physical labor. Take the "College Physics Course" of Fudan University as an example. Every year, a dozen teachers teach almost the same content to several classes. In addition, the task of scientific research is heavy, so it is difficult for teachers to gain a sense of value and accomplishment from teaching, and they lack the passion to improve teaching quality.