(1) The gestation and embryonic stage of preschool education thought. (ancient ~1early 9th century)

Plato systematically expounded the education of preschool children for the first time, advocated public education for children, and discussed the choice of games and story materials for preschool children. Aristotle and quintilian also discussed children's education. In particular, Aristotle was the first to put forward the argument that "education should follow nature" in the history of human education, which pointed out the correct direction for human research and education of children.

Comenius, a Czech educator, brought preschool education into his democratic monorail school system for the first time, wrote the first preschool education monograph "Parenting School" in history and the world's first illustrated children's book "World Map", and built a complete family preschool education system.

Locke, a British educator, put forward concrete suggestions on children's physical education, aesthetic education, moral education and intellectual education in his Random Talk on Education.

In Emile, Rousseau emphasized that education should return to nature and advocated educating children according to their natural development. He believes that children learn not through language and writing, but through experience and the use of immature organs. His educational thought has become a watershed between traditional education and modern education, which has had an extremely important impact on the development of preschool education thought in later generations. At this point, education has changed from closed to open, emphasizing that education should be suitable for children, not for children to adapt to education.

Pestalozzi, a Swiss educator, inherited children's natural thoughts in previous education and proved that all education should be based on sensory education. The best way for children to learn is to operate, and the mother is the best teacher for children. Author of Lienhard and Goddard, Mother's Reading, etc., he was the first person to put forward the idea of teaching psychology in the history of education.

(2) The formation and development stage of preschool education theory. (65438+ From the middle of 9th century to the middle of 20th century)

Preschool pedagogy was founded by German educator Froebel. With Froebel as the symbol, the theory of preschool education is differentiated from general pedagogy. From general understanding to establishing an independent category and system, it has become an independent discipline. The representative figures in the west are: wrobel, Dewey, Montessori; China has: Kang Youwei, Tao Xingzhi and Chen Heqin.

(3) The new stage of preschool pedagogy development. (after the middle of 20th century)

Since the middle of the 20th century, the development of preschool education has entered a new stage to improve the theoretical and scientific level, which is mainly manifested in two aspects: first, dialectical materialism provides a scientific world outlook and methodology for preschool education research, which makes the development of preschool education enter a new stage; Secondly, the development of adjacent disciplines and science and technology provides a scientific basis for preschool education and improves the scientific level of preschool education.