First, pay attention to cultivating students' Chinese literacy.
"Chinese literacy" refers to students' internalization of excellent Chinese cultural achievements through reading, writing (speaking), oral communication and comprehensive learning in the process of Chinese course learning, and finally realize a new value or reach a new realm in themselves.
1, repeat and deepen understanding:
How to improve students' Chinese literacy? Simply put, it is to follow the objective laws of Chinese education and pay attention to cultivating students' Chinese practical ability. Chinese practice is the practice of listening, speaking, reading and writing, in which reading plays a decisive role in improving humanistic quality. Jane Carr said, "To read all good books is to talk to many noble people." Bacon said: "Reading is to create a complete personality." Gorky said: "The more you read, the healthier and braver your spirit will be." A lot of step-by-step reading training can guide students to go deep into the text step by step and get different spiritual feelings. In teaching, the teacher's model essay reading can quickly introduce students into the text situation, so that students can have a preliminary understanding of the general plot of the story and have questions: Why are there snow children? Why does Xuetong move? Why is Xue Tong's nose red? ..... These questions are too simple, because the students didn't study the text in depth, so the teacher doesn't have to rush to answer them, but let the students read the text several times freely. In a lot of reading, along with students' thinking, most of the above questions will be answered by themselves: there are snow children because it has been snowing for a day and a night at the beginning of the article, and of course you can make snow children if there is snow; Snow child moved, because it is a fairy tale; By looking at the pictures, the students can easily find that Xuetong's nose was originally made of carrots, so it was red. On the one hand, the students found the answer through reading aloud, but at the same time, they also produced new profound questions, such as "Why is the house of the little white rabbit on fire?" "Why did Xuetong save the white rabbit?" "How can a snow child fly into the sky and become a cloud?" "Will Xuetong come back?" "What will the white rabbit say to him when he comes back?" Wait a minute. Faced with these questions, teachers still don't have to answer them, but guide students to seek answers by themselves again in repeated reading.
2. Experience the artistic conception and feel beautiful:
As the saying goes, "Reading a book a hundred times is self-evident". Not only that, while deepening their understanding, the students also experienced emotional experience and gradually accepted the influence of culture and aesthetics: "It snowed for a day and a night. Houses, trees and the ground are all white. " What is described here is the natural beauty wrapped in silver when it snows. "Looking at the lovely snow child, the little white rabbit is so happy. He and Zi Xue sang and danced and had a good time. " This is the pure beauty of harmony and happiness between the white rabbit and Xuetong. "Xuehai rescued the white rabbit from the fire, but he melted himself." This is the spiritual beauty of Cher's self-sacrifice and the artistic beauty of Cher's "flying into the sky and becoming a white cloud, a very beautiful white cloud". Curriculum standards require students to be "influenced and influenced by Chinese practice", "feel the beauty of Chinese" when reading, and "look forward to a beautiful situation and care about nature and life." Obviously, good Chinese literacy can undoubtedly cultivate students' humanistic spirit.
Second, recognize the preciousness of life and establish the values of "people-oriented"
A person with humanistic quality must regard "life" as the most precious wealth of mankind in order to cherish it and eulogize it. In teaching, we should try our best to make students feel the preciousness of life in reading comprehension, and establish their "people-oriented" humanistic spiritual world. Traditional teaching often pays too much attention to the instrumental or ideological nature of Chinese in knowledge transmission, and often adopts the method of teachers asking questions, students answering or teachers guiding students to ask questions and then students answering. However, this "teacher-centered" knowledge system and "learning for learning" teaching method ignore the concern for students and individual development. In order to cultivate students' humanistic spirit, our classroom teaching should also be humanistic. Reading is an independent and diversified behavior, and different people have different reading feelings. There are a thousand kinds of girls in the eyes of a thousand readers. How can teachers limit students' doubts, feelings and understanding? Therefore, we should let students speak freely: you can ask questions, talk about your feelings and answer other people's questions ... in short, you can say whatever you want. Teachers don't define right or wrong, but only guide evaluation. On the one hand, they encourage students to speak boldly, on the other hand, they can learn how to grasp the key points, find valuable problems and express themselves more accurately from the teacher's evaluation. In Xuetong's teaching, some students said, "I see, when sleeping, don't pile firewood beside the stove, or it will catch fire" (very good, I know a safety knowledge); "Snow turns into water when it meets heat, and water turns into steam and rises into the air to form clouds" (yes, I learned a meteorological knowledge); Other students noticed that the illustrations were very beautiful, and the careful children even found that "when the snow boy melted, even the birds cried" (what a keen observation! )。 In this way, in speaking freely, the students not only learned knowledge, but more importantly were moved by the scenes presented by language and words: they were extremely anxious because the white rabbit had not realized the fire, rejoiced at the final rescue of the white rabbit, and were deeply infected by Cher's brave dedication, thus feeling the preciousness of life, and even began to think about the value of life. This kind of teaching can better reflect the requirement of "caring for life" put forward by the curriculum standard, liberate Chinese class from the previous strong ideological education, "affirm that man is the center of the world", and restore the true colors of Chinese class-form and develop students' humanistic spirit.
Third, to cultivate students' humanistic quality, we should pay attention to experience and sublimate emotions.
Chinese class is not an ideological and moral class, nor is it a knowledge of nature class. When students acquire Chinese knowledge in Chinese learning, they should pay more attention to emotional experience and be influenced by noble sentiments and interests.