The cold weapon wars in ancient China were mostly close combat, and the demand for strength determined that the stage was mainly for men. However, in the ancient history of China, there were also many heroines who galloped on the battlefield and made great achievements. The author specially selected ten of them to briefly introduce their heroic deeds.
1, in good health
The first recorded heroine in the history of China. The martial arts of Shang Dynasty reached its peak in the Wuding era of Emperor Gaozong of Shang Dynasty. Wu Ding expanded the territory of Shang Dynasty several times through a series of wars. The general who led Wu Ding's expedition to the East and the West was his wife. Oracle Bone Inscriptions recorded that one summer, there was a war on the northern border, and the two sides were deadlocked. Fu Hao volunteered and asked for troops. Wu Ding hesitated, decided to send Fu Hao to arise after divination, and the result was a great victory. From then on, Wu Ding made her commander in chief. Since then, she has conquered more than 20 neighboring countries and small independent countries. Fu Hao can not only lead troops to fight, but also be the chief priest of the country. She is often ordered to preside over ceremonies such as offering sacrifices to heaven, ancestors and gods, and is also an official of divination. Shang dynasty was a country superstitious in ghosts and gods, and the so-called "the great event of the country lies in respecting peace and honor". Fu Hao knows how to fight. She has mastered the power of sacrifice and divination. Maybe even Wu Ding is afraid of her.
2. Mulan
The story of Mulan joining the army as her father is a household name, and it is even more famous all over the world after being animated in Hollywood. The real Mulan does exist in history, with an unknown date of birth and death. She is the daughter of Wei, who died in the Western Han Dynasty, and is now in the Qiaocheng District of Bozhou City, Dongwei Village. Also known as flower arc, later called Mulan. His father's name is Ying, and he was an official in the early Han Dynasty. Mulan practiced martial arts since she was a child, especially fencing. Before Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty 14 years, BC 166,,, Khan, the son of the Huns, famously said that he entered the fortress on a large scale and killed and plundered many people. Emperor Wen made great efforts to conquer the people all over the world. Mulan's father should go there, but he is old and his brother is still young. Mulan sympathized with her father, so she took the brand for him. Mulan started as a soldier, taking merit as her primary school, and later became a general, guarding the rebellion at the southern foot of Yanshan Mountain. Rushed to the battlefield, blocked the flag and chopped the generals, attacked the city slightly, and did whatever he wanted. No one was the front. Khan, turn around. Mulan has been in the army for twelve years and has made great achievements, but people never know that she is a woman. After Kay went back, the son of heaven praised his achievements and sealed it as Shang Shulang, but did not accept it. He played mothering seriously. And support the army to blame, put honor on clothes, seize women's clothing, which shocked peers. Mulan Tomb is located in the east of Bozhou and the north of Wei Village. The mound is tall, surrounded by pine and cypress, and the villagers set up shrines. The eighth day of April is Mulan's birthday every year. Mulan's frontier defense is tortuous, which is now Shunping County, Hebei Province. In order to appreciate Mulan's kindness, people there have built temples and shrines for her since the Han Dynasty. From generation to generation, cigarettes are endless. In the first year of Ganfeng in the Tang Dynasty, Mulan was posthumously named "General Filial Piety". This year, Tang Gaozong joined Wu Zetian in worshipping Mount Tai and returning to North Korea, passing through Bozhou, and went to laojunmiao and Mulan Ancestral Hall in Bozhou, and named Lao Zi "Tai Shang Huang Yuan" and Mulan "General Filial Piety".
3. Lu Mu
Lu Mu (? ~ AD 18), one of the earliest peasant uprising leaders who rebelled against Wang Mang's rule in the late Western Han Dynasty, was also the first female peasant uprising leader in China history. She is from Langya Haiqu (according to Donggang District today). Son Lu Yu, a county tour, is in charge of a patrol. In the first year of Tianfeng in Wang Mang's new dynasty (AD 14), Lu was killed by the county butcher because he did not punish those who could not pay taxes according to the instructions of the county butcher. Lu's mother was filled with grief and indignation and vowed to avenge her son. She took out all her belongings and, after careful planning, quickly pulled up a team of hundreds of people, trained her military forces and waited for the opportunity. In the fourth year of Tianfeng (A.D. 17), Lu Mu boarded the Tutai at the west foot of Kuishan Mountain to worship heaven, calling himself a "general" and leading the rebels to kill Haiqu City. After a fierce battle, the county magistrate was captured alive and executed. Since then, mother Lu has gained great fame, and poor farmers from far and near have defected to her. Soon, the insurgents grew to tens of thousands. Lumu uprising lit the torch against Wang Mang's rule, and soon formed a prairie fire sweeping the country. In the fifth year of Tianfeng (A.D. 18), Lu's mother died, most of the soldiers joined the Red Eyebrow Army, and the rest went to peasant rebels such as Tongma.
4. Chi Zhaoping
The heroine of the peasant uprising in the Western Han Dynasty. Chi Zhaoping, a native of the south of Pingyuan County, has no date of birth or death. Chi Zhaoping also gathered thousands of people in the river block in the autumn of the same year of Lu Mu uprising. In the southwest of the present Pingyuan City, he held an uprising, boycotted official taxes, shook the government, killed gentry, plundered nobles, helped the poor and gave food to the poor. She became an outstanding female leader of the peasant uprising among heroes. Due to the development of the struggle situation, in the third year of Emperor Huang, in the summer of AD 22, Chi Zhaoping and Xu Yiqing joined hands and moved to the plains, Fuping, Laoling, Wudi and Yanshan, and the team quickly developed to 6.5438+10,000 people. This peasant uprising army not only attacked counties, killed corrupt officials, robbed government offices, destroyed local prisons and rescued innocent people imprisoned, but also dealt a heavy blow to Wang Mang's ruling group. At the same time, they also cracked down on local strongmen's camps, township associations and villagers' groups, ruthlessly attacked eunuchs, princes and princes, confiscated their exploited food and property, and distributed them to the poor people, which was deeply supported by the poor people. The storm of the rebel army shook the political foundation of Wang Mang's ruling group, and it completely collapsed in 23 AD and four years of the Emperor. As a result, Chi Zhaoping's name and achievements were also recorded in the history of peasant uprisings in Qin and Han Dynasties.
5. Mrs. Xian
The State Council Prime Minister Zhou Enlai once praised Mrs. Xian as "the first heroine of China". Mrs. Xian, about 520-60 1, is an outstanding political leader of Lingnan slang, a branch of Baiyue. She was born in a leader's family, "young and wise, resourceful", and good at "caring for the people, being a strategist and subduing the more people". She has been an outstanding leader since she was young. She advised her relatives to be kind, "keep promises to her hometown", impartial and unselfish, so she has great prestige in the village and won the support and love of the local people. In the ninth year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty marched into Lingnan, which was resisted by the old ministers of Chen Dynasty and some ethnic minorities. When Mrs. Xian learned of this, she immediately sent the spirit of her grandson Feng to meet her, and joined the Sui Dynasty with the eight states under her jurisdiction, which finally completed the unification of Lingnan. Therefore, Mrs. Xian was named Mrs.. Mrs. Xian is the leader of the ethnic minorities in Lingnan. She has her own armed forces and has the conditions to rule the country. However, when the country was in chaos and division, she did not divide and rule, but always supported the feudal court and safeguarded the reunification of the motherland, which became the main pillar of supporting Liang Chen in the Southern Dynasties and stabilizing the political situation in the Pearl River Basin in the early Sui and Tang Dynasties. It has made important contributions to the local political and socio-economic development. In addition, Mrs. Xian also played a positive role in the re-establishment of the county system in Liren area of Hainan Island. As the Liang Dynasty adopted Mrs. Xian's suggestion, the county system was restored in the Li nationality area of Hainan Island, which made the relationship between the Central Plains and Hainan Island increasingly close, which was conducive to the reunification of the motherland and the social and economic development of the Li nationality area. Mrs. Xian always maintained the centralization and unity of the motherland and opposed separatism and separatism, which deeply influenced her descendants. Later, her grandson Feng Angyi refused to be king and joined the Tang Dynasty, which made great contributions to the unification of Lingnan area in the Tang Dynasty. This is directly related to her leading by example and educating her children and grandchildren to put the country first. In order to commemorate her great achievements, later generations built many temples in the states of Gao, Lei, Hua, Qin and Lian in Guangdong and Guangxi, including 20 temples in Maoming, Hua and Dianbai. There is a Queen's Temple in Yazhou of Hainan Island, and a The Fairy Temple in Danxian and other places.
6. Princess Pingyang
Tang Gaozu Tang Gaozu's third daughter is also the beloved daughter of Tang Gaozu's first wife, Dou Shi. She is a real heroine, and her talent and courage are no less than her brothers. Tang Gaozu married his third daughter to the military commander Chai Shao. This Chai Shao ranked 14th among the 24 outstanding figures in Lingyange in Tang Dynasty, with outstanding strategy and being good at winning more with less. He contributed to the elimination of Xue Ju, Liu Wuzhou, Wang He and Dou Jiande. Destroy the last opponent of the Tang Dynasty, Liang, who is still the main commander in chief. The news of Tang Gaozu's army came that Princess Pingyang contacted the anti-Sui rebels everywhere. This young woman, with superhuman courage and talent, recruited four or five large-scale insurgents in the Jianghu in more than three months. The rebel army led by Princess Pingyang was on a roll, and successively captured Huxian, Zhouzhi, Kung Fu and Times. This rebel army led by women has very strict military discipline. Princess Pingyang gave orders and the whole army was in awe. In those years when the mutinous soldiers rose, the army received wide support. People call Princess Pingyang "Li Niangzi" and her army "female soldier". Princess Pingyang's main task at the moment is to defend the Li family's stronghold in Shanxi, where Niangziguan is stationed. Niangziguan is located on Mianshan Mountain in the northeast of Pingding County, Shanxi Province. It was originally named Weizeguan to get in and out of Shanxi's throat. Because Princess Pingyang led tens of thousands of "female soldiers" stationed here, it was renamed Niangziguan.
7. Liang Hongyu
Liang Hongyu (1102—1153) was a famous anti-gold heroine in Song Dynasty, and her husband was a famous anti-gold star Han Shizhong. Huai 'an Beichenfang, originally from Chizhou, is now in Guichi County, Anhui Province. Grandpa and father are both military commanders, and Liang Hongyu has been practicing kung fu with his brothers and sisters since childhood. The story of Liang Hongyu beating drums to retreat to the Jin Army is still told by people. In the spring of four years, Jin Jun returned from Hangzhou. Han Shizhong's troops have been dispatched urgently, and land and water go hand in hand along the canal, preemptively occupying Jinshan and Jiao Shan in the Jingkou area, so as to cut off the return of Jin Wushu. On the same day, Jin Wushu challenged Han Shizhong and agreed to go to war the next day. The next morning, Liang Hongyu has come to an end, wearing a pheasant-tailed eight-treasure inlaid with golden beads and golden rockhopper, wearing a collar lock and shining armor, sitting on a warship in Zhong Jun to direct the battle. The most intense time, Liang Hongyu personally drummed and cheered, and Song Jun's morale was one hundred times. After a day of fighting, 8 Jin Jun was completely frozen, and Jin Wushu's troops were trapped in the yellow sky. Han Shizhong besieged the enemy for 48 days with 8000 Song Jun, and fought against 65438+10,000 Jin Jun, with less than ten times the enemy's strength, which made him famous in China. The battle of Huang Tiandang discouraged 8 jin j and never dared to invade Jiangnan casually again. Later, Han Shizhong, Yue Fei and Zhang Jun went to the Northern Expedition with the three armies, and Liang Hongyu specially trained a group of female soldiers, who repeatedly made outstanding achievements. After Yue Fei was killed, Han Shizhong resigned angrily and retired to Hangzhou West Lake with Liang Hongyu. Han Shizhong died in 1 15 1 year. In less than two years, Liang Hongyu also passed away. The couple were buried together at the foot of Lingyan Mountain in Su Causeway.
8. Tang Saier
Leader of peasant uprising in Ming Dynasty. The peasant uprising led by Tang Saier in the early Ming Dynasty took place in the 18th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1420). The uprising center is in Yidu, Shandong Province. Tang Saier (date of birth and death unknown) is Lin San's wife, a native of Putai, Shandong Province, who knows a little writing. During the Yongle period, the Ming Dynasty invested heavily in building Beijing, repairing Huitong River and conquering northern Mongolia. Shandong is one of the areas with the heaviest burden. Coupled with years of floods and droughts, farmers live on bark and grass roots, sell their wives and children, and the old and the young are running around without a living. /kloc-in February, 2008, Tang Saier, Liu Xin, Hong Bin, Dong Yansheng and others led hundreds of people to revolt and occupied Shipeng Village in Yidu, which rapidly developed to tens of thousands. Wei in Qingzhou, Ming Dynasty commanded Gao Feng to lead the troops to suppress and was killed. Ming Taizu took Anyuan Hou as the company commander and appointed Liu Zhong as the commander of Zuo Wei. He led 5000 people from Beijing camp to Shandong overnight and surrounded Shipeng Village. Tang Saier sent people to surrender, saying that there was no food or water in the village, and he wanted to retreat and escape from the road. Liu Sheng believed this and joined forces to defend Dao Ji. The insurgents broke through at night, killed Liu Zhong and moved to Anqiu, Zhucheng and other places. However, due to the large number of loyalists, Wei Qing, the governor of Shandong Province, and the governor of Aoshanwei knew that Wang really made a surprise attack and failed in March. In search of Tang Saier, Zhu Mingting arrested tens of thousands of female Buddhists in Shandong and Peking, while Tang Saier and others escaped unharmed. In memory of her, the locals called Xie Shi Pengcun Tangsai Village.
9. Qin Liangyu
When it comes to female heroes in history, everyone will think of Mulan who joined the army for her father; In the history of China, there is actually only one female general officially listed in the state establishment, Qin Liangyu. Qin Liangyu (1574 or 1584 ~ 1648), a Tujia and Miao nationality in Zhongzhou, Sichuan. I studied literature and practiced martial arts with my father since childhood. I am good at riding and shooting, and I have extensive poetic wisdom. She inherited her after her husband died. She sent people to help Shenyang fight against the late Jin Dynasty, and even led 3,000 elite soldiers to the north to guard Shanhaiguan. When the Qing army marched south, she insisted on resisting the Qing Dynasty, and was given the Taibao Prince and the loyal Hou by the Nanming Emperor Long. Become the only official heroine in the history of China. After seeing the female general, Ming Sizong was filled with emotion. He wrote four poems praising her merits and gave them to Qin Liangyu: "Learn to make a map of Sichuan, with a military emblem in the sleeve of Yuanyang;" I am willing to accept, why is the general a husband? " "Shu Brocade is cut into pieces, and the peach blossoms grow immediately; There are so many strange people in the world, who wants to go to Wan Li Road? " "Lu Sufeng never breaks his oath and is willing to endure blood without rouge; The song of triumph will soon be clear, not Zhao Jun leaving the village. " "Sweep the Huns with a dustpan and cheer; Let's have a look at his forest hall. Dan Qing first drew a beautiful picture. " Qin Liangyu was highly praised by four hymns written by the emperor.
Feng Wanzhen 10
Feng Wanzhen, a native of Xie Zhuang, was a national hero of the Anti-Japanese War. After the British and French invaders occupied Beijing on 1860, they plundered everywhere. Nineteen-year-old, together with his father Feng, led the militia to defeat the British and French allied forces and protected the lives and property of the people of Xie Zhuang. 1860, ten years after Xianfeng in Qing dynasty, British and French invaders occupied Beijing, killing people and setting fires everywhere and looting property. This atrocity soon spread to the suburbs. About 5 kilometers away from Yuanmingyuan, there is a small village called Xie Zhuang. There is a man named Feng in the village, and he is very skilled in martial arts. His 18-year-old daughter Wan Zhen, under his careful cultivation, also learned a good martial arts, riding a horse, archery, knife and gun dancing, and mastered everything. Feng Wanzhen suggested to his father: The enemy has foreign guns, so we should make use of our advantage of using broadsword and spear to rush to the enemy to fight and kill, so that foreign guns can't play their role. Feng Wanzhen led the young people to hide in a dense forest two kilometers away from the village. At four o'clock in the afternoon, the invading army, which had just suffered losses in Xie Zhuang, came with artillery. About 600 people came this time. When the enemy came to the forest, Feng Wanzhen drew his broadsword, courageously took the lead, and led the young people to rush at the invading army. The invading army was very alarmed by this sudden attack, and the team immediately fell into chaos. They wanted to shoot, but they were too close to open it, so they had to fight with the youth with bayonets at their guns. Feng Wanzhen led everyone, waving broadswords and spears, and bravely cut them. When the invaders were at a loss, they all retreated. The cunning enemy is eager to get rid of this close combat so as to shoot with foreign guns. Feng Wanzhen saw through the enemy's tricks and led the young people in Xie Zhuang to advance step by step, forcing the invading army never to shoot with foreign guns again. The battle lasted until dusk, and the heroic Xie Zhuang youth killed more than 0/00 invaders/kloc. The rest of the enemy had to drop their spears and cannons and flee in panic. After the attack, the invading army never dared to harass Xie Zhuang again. It's a "hero boy since ancient times"!
Women in China are famous for their hard work, but little is known about their heroic deeds. In the face of national disaster, they have the courage to command thousands of troops and gallop in the battlefield of swords and swords, with commendable courage and touching deeds. As Qiu Jin, a modern revolutionary and heroine, said in her poem, "Don't say that women are not British, they sing on the Longquan wall every night!