Teacher-centered theory
The traditional educational concept emphasizes the authoritative position of teachers, represented by German educator Herbart, and holds that the mental development of students depends entirely on the guidance and guidance of teachers.
Student-centered theory
Modern teaching theory advocates designing teaching content from students' needs and interests. Educators represented by Rousseau and Dewey believe that teachers should avoid too much interference in students' learning, but should conform to the law of students' development and let students grow naturally.
Teacher-student cooperation
Teachers play a leading role in the teaching process, but they do not deny students' subjectivity. Emphasizing the leading role of teachers aims at affirming the leading and guiding role of teachers in teaching. At the same time, the initiative of students is an important criterion to measure the leading role of teachers. This means that in the teaching process, teachers and students should cooperate with each other and develop together, so as to realize the harmonious unity of teachers' leading role and students' dominant position.