How to understand the labor technology education in the new curriculum?
Labor technology education is a national designated learning field with students' positive labor experience and good technical literacy as the main goal and operational learning as the main feature. In China's basic education curriculum system, information technology, information technology education, research-based learning, community service and social practice together constitute a comprehensive practical activity, which has been offered since the third grade of primary school. Its establishment is of great significance for implementing the party's educational policy, deepening quality education with emphasis on innovative spirit and practical ability, and cultivating construction talents needed for contemporary social development. In this curriculum reform, great changes have taken place in the form and name of existing labor technology courses. This is a reform attempt that conforms to the development trend of the times, embodies the trend of curriculum integration and keeps pace with the times. Compared with the previous name of labor technology, there is a word "He" in the middle of the name of labor technology, which explains the relationship between labor and technology on the one hand and the difference between them on the other. At the same time, labor and technology appear as a whole, which embodies the comprehensive characteristics and is a course. This distinction is helpful for us to correctly understand and effectively implement labor education, an excellent tradition of basic education in China and technical education that is increasingly favored by countries all over the world. Labor education is an excellent tradition of basic education in our country and an extremely important aspect of quality education. It plays an important role in cultivating students' labor concept, honing their will quality, establishing the spirit of hard struggle and promoting their development in many aspects. In practice, for a period of time, students' participation in physical labor was regarded as the main way of labor education for students, and only their moral education function and the role of transforming people were paid attention to, ignoring the rich educational value contained in labor education. Based on the development of the times, the Guide to the Implementation of Labor Technology Education emphasizes that labor education should enrich students' emotional experience, cultivate students' labor concepts, attitudes and habits, pay attention to students' development, and cultivate morality, enhance wisdom, keep fit, benefit beauty and innovation through labor. The technical education included in the labor technical education is neither a vocational technical education in the traditional sense nor a highly specialized technical education provided by the college. It refers to the technical education in the stage of general basic education. Our students live in an era of ever-changing technology, and the ever-changing new technology will have a more extensive, profound and rapid impact on human production and life. The international community generally believes that technical education is the education of the basic literacy of future members of society, the education of developing human potential and promoting the development of human thinking, and the education that everyone must accept and experience. It is an important symbol that distinguishes traditional education from modern education and an important pillar of the modernity of modern education. Unveiling the mystery of technology, we can see that the world of technology contains rich educational value. A perfect technical work itself is the unity of world outlook and methodology, the unity of history and logic, the unity of science, morality and aesthetics, that is, the unity of truth, goodness and beauty, and the unity of human understanding and transforming the world. Therefore, technical education has a wide and unique educational value for the development of primary and secondary school students. The labor technology education in the new curriculum has the following characteristics. (A) formed a comprehensive curriculum form. In the past, the labor course in primary school and the labor technology course in junior high school were independent courses. In the new curriculum plan, labor and technology education is listed as a national designated learning field in comprehensive practical activities, which is a major change in curriculum form. Labor and technical education is an interdisciplinary subject with inherent comprehensive characteristics. Comprehensive use of the basic knowledge of mathematics, physics, chemistry, geography, Chinese, art, society and other disciplines, but also into the economic, legal, ethical, aesthetic, environmental protection and other educational horizons. For students, labor technology education is not only the comprehensive application of existing knowledge, but also the comprehensive study of new knowledge and new ability. Under the current trend of international curriculum integration, it is undoubtedly a reform attempt to introduce comprehensive forms of labor technology education, which will surely show the comprehensive performance and practical quality of labor technology education. Of course, there will be some difficulties in the implementation process, and there will be some ideological collisions, which need to be further explored and improved in practice. (B) the restructuring of the curriculum content. Labor and technical education is an open learning field with the greatest development potential, which is most susceptible to the development of science and technology and should reflect the characteristics of the times. Internationally, technical courses, as one of the basic education courses in many countries, have become a huge discipline group including labor, handicrafts, design, domestic economics, agricultural technology, industrial technology, commerce, vocational preparation and other disciplines. Taking into account the progressive trend of social development, the objective needs of real life, the internal logic of subject development and the laws of students' physical and mental development, the Guide has established educational contents such as labor, housekeeping, technology and vocational preparation in the content structure of labor technology education, forming a content structure that is both interrelated and different, independent and interpenetrating. At the same time, according to the nature and characteristics of junior high school and primary school, the course content is positioned. For example, in terms of technology, primary school is set as "technical preliminary" and junior high school is set as "technical foundation"; In terms of career preparation, primary school is defined as "career understanding" and junior high school is designed as "career guidance". This fully embodies the modernity and openness of labor technology education in content. (3) A flexible target system is constructed. The Guide proposes that the objectives and contents are divided into two parts: basic and extended. The basic content is the main carrier to complete the goals of labor and technical education at all stages, which embodies the structural nature of labor and technical education content and is universal to different regions. The goal and content of expansion are selected by local governments, and the implementation conditions are relatively high. Some contents reflect the direction of technological development. The proposal of different educational goals makes teachers and students from all over the country, schools and schools become the main body of course content selection. (d) Expanding the learning space of labor and technology. For the first time, the Guide formally introduced simple technical design, reading technical product manuals and simple evaluation of technical works into the learning content of labor technology education in the nine-year compulsory education stage, and the learning content of agricultural technology also expanded from traditional crop planting and animal breeding to variety improvement, technical experiment, product storage and processing, market research and marketing. The expansion of learning content of labor technology education will certainly enrich students' learning experience, change their traditional learning methods, and play a positive role in cultivating students' innovative spirit and practical ability. An evaluation system aimed at promoting students' development has been established. The examination and evaluation of labor technology education has always been a difficult problem in curriculum implementation. According to the characteristics of labor and technology education, the Guide puts forward an evaluation system that combines process evaluation and result evaluation to promote students' development. The Guide points out that junior high schools should implement the "qualified certificate" system for labor technology learning (rural junior high schools should be combined with "green certificates"). (6) Pay attention to the functional distinction between school, family and society in labor and technical education. Due to the particularity of labor technology education, family and community are not only potential educational resources, but also educational subjects with certain educational mission. However, we often ignore their functional orientation and functional distinction, which leads to the expansion and even generalization of school education functions in labor and technology education. The Guide pays attention to the functional orientation of this different subject in labor technology education, and makes necessary distinctions in the selection of educational content, the development and utilization of educational resources, the construction and management of educational facilities and educational bases.