Multiple choices, fewer choices and wrong choices in brackets are not scored. 2 points for each small question, total 10)
2 1. The following is (B C D E).
A. Tan Xinpei B. Mei Lanfang
C. Shang Xiaoyun, Cheng Ting and Qiu Yan
E. Xun Huisheng
22. The Han folk songs and dances in the Ming and Qing Dynasties were (BC).
A.Nangma B. Yangko
C. Muqam D. Flower Drum
E. duet
23. The most important music schools in the Baroque period are (after AD).
A. Sonata B. Concerto
C. fugue d suite
E. prelude to hymn
24. In the history of western music, what is called the three "B" is (B C E).
A. Bartok Bach
C. Beethoven Bernstein
E. Brahms
25. The following belong to the Czech National Music School (B D).
A. Bedrich Smetana scriabin
C. sibelius dvorak
E. Kodaly
Four, the connection problem (each line 1 minute, a total of 15 points)
26. Connect the corresponding characters with their works:
Liu Tianhua's Comments on "Bright Walk"
Hua is very interested in "two springs reflecting the moon"
Li Jinhui's Comments on Poor Chou-heung
Zhao Yuanren is "teaching me how not to think about him"
On Zhang's On Songhua River
27. Associate the corresponding author with his works:
Ji Kanglian's On Sound Without Sorrow and Music
Yan Nan An Zhilian's On Singing
Shen Kuo even "Meng Qian pen talk"
Wang Zhuolian's Blue Chicken Manzhi
Ji Le by Konsun Nizilian
28. Connect the corresponding works with their genres:
Messiah and even oratorios
Opera la Traviata
Ballet Nutcracker
Symphonic poem "My Motherland"
Piano music silent song
Five, short answer questions (5 points for each small question, a total of 20 points)
29. What is Liu Tianhua's contribution to erhu?
Liu Tianhua chose erhu as the breakthrough of China's music reform, borrowed from the long tremolo bow of violin and the techniques of western instrumental music creation, and combined the theory of pipa shiatsu with the techniques of guqin overtone performance to create and apply the multi-player performance method. All these have added the profundity of artistic expression to the erhu from music to performance, thus making this neglected national instrument in ancient times become a modern professional solo instrument and the protagonist and representative of China national music. Therefore, Liu Tianhua is regarded as the founder of modern erhu playing school.
He has composed ten erhu songs: Poems on a Sick Heart, Moonlit Night, Sorrow, Birds on an Empty Mountain, Poems on a Lonely Night, Walking in the Light, Solo and Dancing in the Shadow of a Candle.
30. What are Xiao Youmei's major contributions to music education?
Xiao was one of the most contributions to music education in China in the 20th century.
Before the May 4th Movement, the traditional music education in China was limited to the literati's self-entertainment, such as playing guqin as a means of self-cultivation. Performance activities are held by "actors" at the bottom of society, and the "fans" of Beijing opera are later. These activities are not equivalent to "national music education". Xiao Youmei 190 1 studied in Japan, studied piano and vocal music at Tokyo Conservatory of Music, and studied education at Imperial University. 19 13 studied at Leipzig Conservatory of Music and Leipzig University in Germany, and returned to China in 1920 after receiving his doctorate. He has taught in the Music and Physical Education Institute of Beijing Women's Teachers College, the Peking University Conservatory of Music and the Music Department of Beijing Institute of Art, and served as the team leader. With the support of Cai Yuanpei, 1927 founded the National Conservatory of Music in Shanghai, which is the first professional conservatory of music in China, laying a foundation for music education and training professional music talents.
Xiao Youmei is also committed to compiling music textbooks: organ textbook 1924, piano textbook 1925, violin textbook 1927, and has written academic works such as Comparative Study of Chinese and Western Music, Overview of Ancient and Modern Chinese and Western Music, and Overview of China Music in Past Dynasties.
3 1. What is the creative proposition of the "strength school"?
The establishment is a social and cultural force under the condition of the upsurge of Russian social movements in the 1960s. A composer group composed of five composers: Money Alekseyevich Balakirev, Cesar Cui, modest petrovich Musorgskiy, Alexander Porfiri Borodin and Nikolai andreyevich rimsky-Kosakov. Strength school is not a group of musicians United by friendship alone, but a group of progressive young artists with common ideas.
They all love Russian folk music, draw materials and inspiration from it, make their works full of rich ethnic customs, artistically express the life, thoughts and feelings of the Russian people, emphasize that music should contain rich thoughts and feelings, and devote themselves to the research of folk creation, which not only directly inspires their creation (theme, thought, content, expression techniques, subject materials and style characteristics, etc.), but also has great influence on the development of the whole Russian music culture in the future; In their own instrumental and vocal music works, they strive to use folk songs and folk music language, and their melodies are permeated with folk quality. This is an important aspect of its national and folk music; The works of the "establishment" reflect the feelings, thoughts and expectations of Russians in the past and then, as well as their attitude towards life and typical personality. In order to embody these contents in their works, they have distinct characteristics in the subject range, genre form and performance characteristics of music creation. Create folk themes, the history of the motherland, realistic operas, symphonies with vivid titles, various instrumental music, and easy-to-understand instrumental essays and harmony music. Generally speaking, what they explore in their works is the combination of ideology and musical form, the combination of professional artistic expression and simplicity of music, and the combination of innovation and loyalty to the inherent tradition of folk creation.
32. What kind of music is impressionist music?
Impressionist music came into being at the end of19th century, and it is a genre of music influenced by "symbolism literature" and "impressionist painting". Impressionist music has a completely abstract transcendental color, which is the beginning of music entering modernism. Its form, texture, expression, basic aesthetic point of view, artistic purpose and artistic effect are very different from classicism and romanticism. Originated by French composer Debussy.
Six, essay questions (15 points for each small question, a total of 30 points)
On the artistic achievements of the new opera White-haired Girl.
A: White-haired Girl is the cornerstone of China's new national drama. On the basis of mass art practice, he inherited the tradition of folk songs and dances, and at the same time borrowed from China classical operas and western operas. It created a new national form on the basis of Yangko opera, and opened up a dynamic road for the creation of new operas.
First of all, in music, the tunes of folk songs, minor tunes and local operas are used, but it is neither an expansion of folk operas nor a traditional banqiang opera or court dalliance. It draws lessons from the characteristics of western operas that emphasize the expression of characters' personalities, and uses musical tunes with national flavor to express the characters' personality characteristics in the play. The music of "White-haired Girl" not only plays an important role in expressing the characters' personalities, but is also familiar and loved by the masses.
Secondly, in the performance of traditional Chinese opera, we learn from the tradition of combining singing, reading and Taoism in classical Chinese opera. In the relationship between Daobai and singing, singing is used to describe events, recall history, introduce characters, set off the atmosphere and reveal the inner world of characters when emotional needs erupt. Because the turning point is natural, it doesn't give people the feeling of singing. Many of the lyrics are poems, which are quite characteristic of folk songs.
The opera White-haired Girl is a collective creation with a broad mass base. It is an exploratory national new opera under the guidance of Mao Zedong's literary thought, which shows the people's struggle life and strives to be loved by the people. It is a China classic national opera that absorbs the experience of western operas on the premise of affirming nationalization and popularization, enhances musicality on the premise of not weakening literariness and drama, and seeks the unity and integrity of comprehensive art forms on the premise of serving the content.
34. Talk about Wagner's opera creation style in combination with his opera works.
A: Wagner is a German composer, playwright, conductor and philosopher. In German music, since Beethoven, there has not been a composer with great boldness of vision and great spirit of reform like Wagner. He stubbornly formulated and implemented his own goals and plans, reformed traditional operas and advocated musicals, thus establishing his position in the history of music. At the same time, in the history of world music, there are almost no musicians like Wagner whose world outlook and creation are obviously contradictory.
Main Works: His main creative fields are operas, including The Ring of Nibelungen (Gold on the Rhine, Valkyria, Siegfried, Twilight of the Gods, Tristan and isolde, The Wandering Dutchman, Lohengreen, Tonhauser, Leanji and Nuremberg.
Artistic achievements: ① A thorough reform of traditional Chinese opera. In the reform, he implemented such techniques as "overall artistic view", "endless melody" and "dominant motivation", emphasizing drama first and music second. He insisted on the principle that music must obey the content of drama and need to be created. The reformed opera is called "musical drama". (2) He created the ring of Nibelungen and Tristan and isolde, which made the romantic opera reach its peak. (3) The establishment of the orchestra in opera (three-control or four-control) has been expanded, the expressive force of the orchestra has been enhanced, and the traditional opera convention that the orchestra is regarded as a "giant guitar" with human voices has been changed. He grasped the performance characteristics of the band and expounded the drama content through the use of "explicit motivation", making the band an effective tool to express the plot content. Fourthly, the chromatic harmony was established, the mode tonality was weakened, and Tristan chords were created, which had an important influence on the musical concept in the 20th century.