Lesson Plan of Little Stone Pond (1)
Teaching objectives:
Knowledge and ability goal: understand Liu Zongyuan's experience and common sense of his works, dredge the meaning of the text with the help of reference books and notes, and learn to observe and describe the natural scenery carefully.
Methods and approaches: To stimulate interest by creating an atmosphere, to carry out reading competitions to clear up word barriers, and to break through key and difficult points with independent, cooperative and inquiry learning methods.
Emotion and evaluation goal: to understand the author's depressed and sad mood when he was frustrated and relegated; Experience the beautiful scenery of Xiaoshitang in Yongzhou written by the author and cultivate healthy aesthetic taste. Pay attention to the mutual evaluation between students and teachers.
Teaching focus:
1, dredge the meaning;
2. Learn how to grasp the characteristics of the scenery and write the scenery.
Teaching difficulties:
Understand the author's thoughts and feelings about mountains and rivers.
Teaching preparation:
1, collect data and make courseware;
2, guide students to preview before class:
(1) Collect relevant information about the author and Xiaoshitang story.
(2) Read the main idea of the article with reference books and notes.
(3) sorting out difficult sentences that can't be solved in preview.
(4) In the process of reading and collecting data, sort out the problems found in the preview notes.
Teaching process:
(A) the creation of situations, the introduction of new lessons:
Students, please forget everything around you for a while, and let us approach Xiaoshitang with the guqin music of Xiaoxiang Shuiyun. While enjoying the beautiful scenery in the picture, spread the wings of imagination and stroll among the green mountains and forests. Look at the clear and transparent spring water flowing happily; Smell the fragrance of wild flowers; Listen to the euphemistic songs of various birds; The sun shines warmly on you through the cracks in the tree?
Beautiful nature is the best place to change our mood. If we feel a little tired, if we feel a little bored, we might as well take a walk in nature, which is our best friend. Today we are in Xiaoshitang, Yongzhou, which was visited by Liu Zongyuan, a writer in the Tang Dynasty. In order to get rid of depression, grief and indignation, relegated poets often pin their feelings on mountains and rivers. One day, he came to Xiaoshitang?
(B) approach the author to understand the background
Ask the students to exchange the information collected by Liu Zongyuan. After the students exchange, the teacher evaluates and supplements the information about Liu Zongyuan through multimedia.
Liu Zongyuan (773-8 19) thick. Hedong people, commonly known as Liuhe East. A famous writer and thinker in the Tang Dynasty, one of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Smart and studious since childhood, he was a scholar at the age of 2 1. He is a colleague with Han Yu and Liu Yuxi. During Yongzhenyuan period, Liu Zongyuan actively participated in the political innovation activities led by Wang, but was opposed by conservative forces. After the failure of the innovation movement, Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou, which lasted for ten years. During this period, he wrote Eight Chapters of Yongzhou (Travel Notes of Xide Xishan Banquet, Travel Notes of Cobalt, Mountain West of Cobalt Pool, Little Stone Pond in Shanxi, Yuan Jiake's Thirst, Shi Jian, Shiqu and Mountain in Little Rock) and. Liu Zongyuan's prose is as famous as Han Yu's, and he is the most outstanding essayist in the history of China. Eight Chapters of Yongzhou has become the representative work of China's ancient landscape travel notes. These landscape travel notes combine the author's life experience, thoughts and feelings, and are full of resentment and depression.
(3) treat and approach the work as a whole
1, the teacher demonstrates reading the text, please pay attention to pronunciation and sentence break.
2. Read the text by yourself and be guided by the teacher. Requirements: accurate pronunciation, clear articulation and loud voice; Read the rhythm and pause correctly; Read the tone, read the feelings.
3. Large groups have a reading contest to see which group has the least number of people reading the whole article. Rule: No loud reading and stumbling; When the pronunciation and sentence break are inaccurate, read aloud by another classmate. Teachers will not express their opinions and let other groups evaluate them.
(D) group cooperation, dredge the meaning of the text
Form: four-person group cooperative study, combined with after-class notes to dredge the full text. Circle the difficult words, ask questions in the group, and record the problems that cannot be solved. The teacher asked groups of A, B, C and D students to read, translate, analyze and evaluate difficult sentences. The teacher guides and emphasizes key words and phrases.
(5) Questioning, exploring and grasping the characteristics
1, projection problem, guide students to think:
(1) This article is well organized. In what order did the author write it?
(2) What are the attractions and characteristics of Xiaoshitang? How did the author write it?
2. In the study group discussion, group representatives make concluding remarks. The teacher commented clearly on the blackboard, focusing on reading the second paragraph and trying to recite the good sentences.
(6) Taste the article and talk to the author.
1, read the sentiment intensively and experience the writing method of writing feelings with scenery.
Teachers guide students into the situation and talk about their feelings about the beautiful scenery: the beautiful scenery of Xiaoshitang is dizzying, as if they were there. Since ancient times, many scholars have praised the story of Xiaoshitang. How would you feel if you sat by the swimming pool?
2. Explore deeply and walk into Liu Zongyuan.
Faced with such a beautiful scenery, the author is so sad. Which sentence in the article reflects the author's feelings? Can you combine the writing background and analyze where the author's melancholy comes from? You can find the corresponding sentences from the text. )
(7) Talk about the harvest and summarize the full text.
Teachers can guide students to talk about harvest from the following aspects:
1. What knowledge have you learned in this course and what methods have you mastered?
2. What inspiration did you get from the analysis of the text and the understanding of the author?
Teachers should encourage students to speak their thoughts and feelings boldly, and finally make a concluding speech.
Xiaoshitang Teaching Plan (2)
Teaching objectives:
1, knowledge and skills:
(1) dredge the meaning of the text and perceive the content of the text as a whole.
⑵ Summarize the characteristics of Xiaoshitang by reading carefully, trying to figure out and savoring the words in the text. Master the methods of grasping the characteristics of scenery and describing the details, and improve the appreciation ability.
⑶ Understand the author's state of mind through borrowing scenery, and experience the artistic characteristics of borrowing scenery to express emotion.
2. Process and method
(1) Preview the text, read the text by yourself according to the reference books and after-class notes, and remove the obstacles of the text.
⑵ Read the text repeatedly, and explore the characteristics and writing methods of the text scenery through cooperation and exchange.
⑶ Combining the background of the article, analyze the feelings that the author wants to express.
3. Emotions, attitudes and values:
Understand the author's thoughts and feelings, appreciate the beautiful scenery of Xiaoshitang described by the author, cultivate healthy aesthetic taste, educate students in aesthetic education and appreciate the beauty of natural scenery described in this article.
Teaching emphases and difficulties:
Teaching emphasis: perceive the content of the text as a whole, be familiar with the content of the text, and learn the accurate method of writing scenery.
Difficulties in teaching: understanding the author's mood through scenery, and understanding the characteristics of lyricism through scenery.
Interactive design of teaching and learning;
First, create situations and introduce new lessons.
1. Play natural scenery videos before class to create situations.
2. Introduction: We are deeply intoxicated by the vastness of mountains and rivers, and we cannot but admire the magic of nature. Rodin, a famous French sculptor, said: Life is not a lack of beauty, but a lack of eyes to find beauty. ? Now, let me take you to Xiaoshitang, a once unknown place, and let us witness a beauty far from the secular world.
Second, read the text for the first time and grasp it as a whole.
1, students look at the topic together and make clear the style of this article.
Note: an ancient style, which mainly records things by taking notes, things, scenes and people to express the author's feelings or opinions, that is, supporting the scenery with things and expressing feelings with things.
2. Approaching the author Liu Zongyuan: The word is thick, Shanxi people, known as the world? Liu Hedong? Famous writers in Tang Dynasty. One of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties? Eight Chapters of Yongzhou (Liuhe East Collection) has been preserved so far, and the most famous one is Four Chapters of Xiaoshitang. Liu Zongyuan's landscape travel notes have a unique position in the history of China literature and are praised by later generations? Master of landscape painting? Master of travel prose? .
3, students first read the text, the overall perception.
Learning guidance: know the meaning of the text, know the meaning accurately, and know the rhythm.
Name the students and read them aloud. Collective evaluation
② Guide students to accumulate words.
(3) Teachers demonstrate the text, students learn to read aloud, listen to the correct pronunciation and tone, then read aloud in a competition between boys and girls, and finally read aloud together.
Third, cooperation and exchange, learning and appreciation.
A good article, like a cup of fragrant tea, is not enough to read. We need to taste it wholeheartedly. Next, let's approach the picturesque world of Xiaoshitang and enjoy the beautiful scenery of Xiaoshitang. (Mode: group cooperation and exploration)
1. Let me see the thinking question: What scenery does the article write about Xiaoshitang? What are their characteristics and how do the authors describe them?
2. Students cooperate to explore and speak from any angle (hint: students use it when answering? _ _ _ _ _ _ summed up the characteristics of _ _ _ _ _ _ (landscape)? Sentence answer).
3. The teacher's instructions are clear: the author wrote the discovery of the small pool, the scenery in the pool, the source of the small pool and the atmosphere in the pool in the order of tour. Landscape features: clear water, strange rocks, beautiful trees, happy fish, meandering streams and uneven shore potential, showing the quiet beauty of Xiaoshitang.
(1) in the text? Lens? With what? Pictures?
The explanation is clear: what did the author use in the first paragraph? Smell and draw? Action for change? The writing style that leads us to see different landscapes, grotesque stones and lush trees in the movement and change has a strong sense of dynamic pictures. In the second paragraph, the author describes swimming and fishing in the pool, and adopts? How to write a fixed-point close-up It only takes 40 words, and the following description is vividly written by combining the side description with the dynamic and static description, showing the clarity of the pool water and the liveliness and loveliness of swimming fish.
(2) In the text? Moving? With what? Quiet?
The explanation is clear: apart from swimming, is it suitable for a while? Stay still? What happened afterwards? You passed away? Lively and active. As far as the stream itself is concerned, the author describes it as tortuous and static as the Big Dipper. As far as the stream is concerned, the author describes it as winding and crawling like a snake, and it is flowing. These two metaphors are used to describe streams.
3 in the text? Contrast? With what? Contrast?
Clear explanation: in order to highlight the liveliness of fish, put? Stay still? And then what? You are far away, and the communication is sudden? Compare the two modes, static and dynamic, especially showing the liveliness of fish. The author writes that the fish in the pond can be counted by comparison, which makes people feel like? Empty? 、? Nothing? In particular, let the water become clear and have a real feeling.
4. Thinking: What do you think this place is called? Xiaoshitang? Is it suitable?
(1) Students cooperate to explore and report by name.
(2) The teacher made it very clear that all the scenery depicted in the article had been soaked? Stone? Breathe. ? The bottom is full of stones? 、? Get out of the bottom of the stone? Explain this? Tan? Is it really a? Stone beach? . ? Like Ming Pei Huan? Describe loud, explain? Stone beach? Very unusual. ? Green trees and vines, covered and twisted, staggered and brushed? Wrote a beautiful form full of green stones. ? Shadow cloth on the stone? The fish shadow printed on the stone shows the clarity of the water. ? Cold bones? It is not only the coldness of the stone, but also the author's sad mood.
5. Key knowledge consolidation exercises:
Please help me: write an advertisement or a tour guide for the beautiful scenic spots in Xiaoshitang according to the text. I believe you can do it! )
(2) The deskmates should be mutual tour guides first, and the outstanding ones should be selected to report to the whole class for collective evaluation.
Read the text four times and feel the feeling.
1, all the scenery is sentimental, enjoying the picturesque scenery, what is the author's mood? Find out the sentences that describe the author's mood in the article.
2. Read the text and find out the answer. I am very satisfied with this. Like to appreciate tourists? Cold-blooded, quiet and motionless? . Clear the mood from joy to worry.
3. The teacher supplemented the author's writing background, puzzled the students and made them have a deeper emotional experience.
Writing background: At the time of writing this article (Yong Zhenyuan,), the author was demoted to Yongzhou Sima for failing to participate in the Wang Reform. At that time, Yongzhou was isolated and barren, sparsely populated and had a very hard life. After arriving in Yongzhou, my friend was killed and my mother died, and I was constantly attacked, framed and threatened by conservative forces. At that time, the author was just in his early thirties, and it was the time to display his talents, but he was demoted for ten years, and then he was demoted to Liuzhou, a more remote place. This makes Liu Zongyuan's grief, anger, melancholy, pain and bitterness become the main theme of his feelings, just to get rid of this depressed mood and express his feelings.
Clear instructions: Music is another manifestation of anxiety. In order to get rid of repressed resentment, this happiness is temporary after all. Once triggered by a bleak environment, sad emotions will be revealed again. This way of writing scenery is lyrical.
5. Ask students to read their feelings.
6. Travel through time and space and talk to Liu Zongyuan. (Let the students say a few words to persuade Liu Zongyuan)