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Iron horse autumn wind in the north, apricot blossom spring rain in the south of the Yangtze River.
Coconut trees and sunny islands, yak ice and snow plateau.
? This is the first literacy text in the second grade Chinese experimental textbook published by Jiangsu Education Publishing House. Separately, it is a relatively independent and interrelated word. When read together, it looks like a landscape poem with harmonious rhyme.
Reference calendar
1. Lu You (Lu Fangweng) in the Southern Song Dynasty has "Iron Horse Autumn Wind".
2. Yu Ji, a famous writer in the Yuan Dynasty, wrote a poem "The Wind Into the Pine": ... Swallow whispered again. The heavy curtain is still cold, who can send the golden mud seal? When Mr. Bao returns, apricot blossoms and spring rain are in the south of the Yangtze River. The beautiful and moving words and expressions have caused future generations to use "a fine horse in the autumn wind, a thistle in the north" as a metaphor, highlighting the femininity of Jiangnan and the masculinity of Yanbei. Just like a local proverb, "There is heaven on earth and Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth." Spread the population.
3. Zhu Guangqian, an aesthetician in China, quoted "the steeds in northern Hebei are autumn, and the apricot flowers in the south of the Yangtze River are spring" in "Just Beauty and Femininity". It is also considered as two old sayings.
4. Couplets: Iron Horse, Autumn Wind, Apricot Flowers, Spring Rain, Jiangnan-Xu Beihong.
5. Later, Wu changed it to "autumn wind in the north, apricot blossom spring rain in the south of the Yangtze River".
Introduction of works
"Feng Ru Song Ji Ke Zhong Jing" was written by Yu Ji, a poet in Yuan Dynasty, and contained in the ancient book Daoyuan Studies.
By describing his duty in Kwai King Pavilion a few years ago, the author intends to arouse the memories of his friend Ke's life in those years.
original work
Feng sent a message to Ke.
Huatang tea leans on your hands, and Huafa is invincible. A few nights straight into the golden palace, the east wind is soft and the flowers stop. The book is a letter from Xu Chuan's Palace Candle. I tried on a shirt for the first time.
Hook ice tray ⑦ The water is blue. Swallows whisper. The heavy curtain is still cold. Who will deliver it and seal it with silver? The reporter returned, and the apricot blossoms in the south of the Yangtze River spring rain.
To annotate ...
Ke: Ke, a native of Xianju, Zhejiang. Works and poems, official to Kuizhangge bachelor.
2 Qinghao: fresh and hearty.
The Chinese flag is invincible: the white flag is rare, so it is impossible to insert the hairpin.
4 nights straight: on duty at night. Straight: Pass the "value". The emperor's hall.
⑤ Yes: Three horses drive the same car. This refers to ordinary horses.
⑥ Pass the candle to the palace: summon the palace maid who holds the candle and send the bachelor to the hospital.
7 Pan: Dissolve. The Book of Songs: "A scholar is like a wife, and the ice is not calm."
8: pinch.
Pet-name ruby: refers to letters.
Vernacular translation
In the painting hall, the concubines are carefree, unique and spontaneous, and even the pipes can't be inserted. I lived in the Golden Palace for many nights, and the spring breeze was soft and the flowers were in full bloom, which made people stop. In the soft spring breeze, I spent countless nights in front of the Golden Temple. After drafting the imperial edict for the emperor, I put on a faint Luo Dynasty shirt, and the imperial secretary sent me back to the bachelor's college with a lamp.
There is still residual ice on the edge of the imperial ditch in the imperial city, but the edge of the residual ice is blue water shaking and swallows whispering in spring. The curtain is heavy, and the cold of late spring has not subsided. Who else dares to send you a letter of condolence? In the south of the Yangtze River in spring, apricot blossoms are in full bloom, misty and rainy, picturesque and fascinating.
Creation background
Both he and Ke worked in the museum (on the west side of the palace). Famous for painting in the world, there are several poems about Ke's paintings in our collection of poems. Ke Jiu Si, the hero of The Concubine, is forty years old, that is to say, he forgot to make friends. Yu Ji was born in Chongren, Linchuan, also known as Jiangnan West Road in Song Dynasty, and he often thinks of Jiangnan in his poems. Later, due to the kindness of the Yuan Lord, he was jealous of the powerful descendants and wanted to vilify him, but without success, he was more eager to return to the south. He once wrote a letter to Xiaocao, saying that Yuan Shundi was not a literate son. After the death of his educated son, Yu Ji felt uneasy that the minister wanted to establish Shun Di. Some ministers didn't want him to stay in Beijing, so they returned to Linchuan because of illness. This word should have been written in this period.
works appreciation
The full text is divided into two parts: The first part describes the days when Ke was on duty in Kuizhangge College, describing his old age and loneliness.
"Huatang tea leans on beauty, and its hair is gorgeous." The first two sentences, written from home life, seem to have gone too far and have nothing to do with pregnancy. In fact, they are secretly missing friends far away. The author doesn't say that he is old and looks forward to meeting his old friends. And said that he doesn't mind dealing with concubines, concubines are at leisure. With correct profile and euphemistic singing.
"A few nights straight into the Golden Throne Hall, the east wind is soft, and the flowers stop." Next, I will describe my responsibilities in the golden palace. Jin Dian is the emperor's treasure house. How can a bachelor stay there on duty? It turned out that the bachelor was in charge of the imperial palace. In order to facilitate the emperor's page, the bachelor's college was located on the side of the Golden Hall. The Duty of Jin Dian is the author's writing about his own life and the works of Ke Zhong Jing.
"The book is ordered to pass the palace candle, and the first imperial shirt is lightly examined." A detail of stopping a car and stopping a horse suggests that you miss your friend. Xu Chuangong Candle and Evening Straight complement each other, and the first trial of light Luo takes care of "soft wind". The words "I went straight to the Golden Palace for several nights" and "I tried on my first shirt" describe the author's activities as a "book saint". Writing imperial edicts for the emperor in Jindian, allowing paging candlesticks, wearing thin sweaters in hot weather, describing what Jindian did on duty and how he was treated. What a comfortable life, but the poet is old, and seclusion is inevitable.
Xia Gan changed his technique, focusing on lyricism, and writing about the feelings of missing friends and anxious to return.
With spring as the background, the picture is well-proportioned, the colors are bright, the artistic conception is soft and charming, and the movements are just right, as if to make readers fall into the sweet whisper of swallows and revel in the blooming east wind. In particular, the last sentence "apricot blossom and spring rain in the south of the Yangtze River" is a bright term. Together, it is like a wet Jiangnan ink painting, soft and charming, but frank and bright, which can make people excited for a long time.
"The water in the fishhook ice tray is blue. Swallows whisper. " Write the colors of spring, ice white, water blue and bright colors. The variant characters of "Jie" and "Nuo" and the word "Nuo" are very vivid, and the shape of the frozen water is vividly written. It's still spring, the ice in the imperial ditch is gradually melting, and swallows have been whispering to welcome spring. Unfortunately, because Jiu Si is not here, people can't feel the warmth of spring. "Whispering" is naturally Shuang Yan, flying around, making a sound, and the sound is flowing and changing.
"The heavy curtain is still cold. Who will deliver it and seal it with silver?" This is about the temperature in spring, not just the cold in spring. Due to suspicion and slander, Ke Zhong Jing had to live in seclusion in his hometown. Therefore, "the curtain is still cold" is a pun, which shows that although Ke returned to his hometown to live in seclusion, his gossip did not disappear. On the contrary, gossip still wraps him like a curtain, which makes people feel cold and dense. "At this time, even Ke's former friends did not dare to associate with Ke Jue, for fear of causing trouble. The sentence "by whom" seems to be contradictory: since this word has been filled out and sent to Ke Jiusi, how can we say "by whom"? "The real intention of the poet to tell his friends is also here. Speaking of apricot blossoms and spring rains in the south of the Yangtze River, I will also return to the south. Here, the author's concern for old friends and contempt for the world are constantly shown.
"It is reported that Mr. Wang has returned, and apricot blossoms and spring rains are in the south of the Yangtze River." It is extremely prudent to sing a song in a scene to knot feelings. "apricot blossom and spring rain in the south of the Yangtze River". A few six words are better than an article. Through these six words, I seem to see: in the south of the Yangtze River in spring, apricot flowers are in full bloom, misty and rainy, picturesque and charming. Without adding any adjectives, it is unpretentious and vividly depicts the spring scenery in Jiangnan, which can be described as a wonderful pen.
Famous comments
Tao's "Record of Dropping out of Farming" records: "Mr. Ke, a native, met literate Sect, started as a doctor in Kuizhangge and lived in Wu to avoid words." At that time, Mr. Yu Shaoan wrote a poem in the pavilion, which was both beautiful and beautiful. At that time, he was rushing to carve it, and the song spread all over the sea.
Qu Zongji's poem "Returning to the Field" said: "Yu Shaoan is in the Hanlin, and there is a poem saying:' The screen sits around the temples, and the silver candle burns. Beijing's mood has changed for many years, and suddenly I heard the spring rain and thought of Jiangnan. "He also wrote the word" wind becomes loose ",which is very poetic, but different in complexity and simplicity. I have seen a handkerchief with words woven in the machine shop, which was so valuable at that time. Zhang Zhongju said,' Just pay attention to the apricot blossom and spring rain in the south of the Yangtze River, and the tears are in Lopa.' In other words, this is also. "
Mr. Xia said: "This poem is a ceremony, focusing on its own territory." (Selected Poems of Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties)
At the end of Fishing, Zhang Jian wrote: "Call and ask, who is ruthless in life?" Sir, go home, but pay attention to Jiangnan, apricot blossom and spring rain, and Luopa tears. "
Brief introduction of the author
Yu Ji (1272 ~ 1348) was a famous scholar and poet in Yuan Dynasty. The word Bo Sheng, named Dao Yuan, is called Mr. Shao An. Study less at home and try to travel from Wucheng. At the beginning of his accession to the throne, he was recommended as a professor of Confucianism in Dadulu and an assistant and doctor of Li. Renzong, moved to Jixian, except Hanlin to be made. Literati acceded to the throne, except for Kuizhangge's bachelor of book service. He led the revision of Shi Jing Grand Ceremony, and wrote Ancient Records of Daoyuan Studies and Daoyuan Legacy. Yujisu has a negative literary name, which is also called "the four schools of Yuan Confucianism" with Xie Si, Liu Guan and Huang Cheng. Poetry is as famous as Xie Si, Fan Yi and Yang Zai, and is known as the "Four Masters in Yuan Dynasty".