Epaminondas's father is descended from the nobles of ancient Thebes. Epaminondas received a good education when he was young, and his philosophical tutor Lucius was an important representative of Pythagoras school. Epaminondas respected this tutor very much and became interested in philosophy.

In addition to academic study, Epaminondas also pays attention to physical exercise. In 385 BC, in a skirmish near Mandingha, Epaminondas risked his life to rescue his most important comrade-in-arms in the future, making them friends of Guan Bao and sharing life and death in the future battle, and his flexible tactical application and inspiration for new tactics were also obtained during this period.

Epaminondas has never been married, and he thinks that the victory of war is far more important than family. Epaminondas lived on the edge of poverty all his life and refused to use his political power to gain monetary benefits. Nebos pointed out his virtue of honesty and recorded his refusal to accept bribes from Persian envoys. And because of Pythagoras' tradition, he was generous to his friends and pushed others. Because of these advantages, people think highly of Epaminondas.

In 37 1 BC, Epaminondas represented Thebes at the Pan-Greek Peace Conference. At the meeting, Sparta, with its powerful force, demanded Thebes to give up the leadership of the Authia Alliance, which was rejected by Epaminondas.

In the same year, Epaminondas and Sparta King Cleon Brotu fought in the southwest of Thebes. Epaminondas defeated Sparta's superior forces with inferior forces, and the king of Sparta died. From 370 BC to 367 BC, Epaminondas led the army south three times, hit Sparta hard, captured Acadia, Mycenae and other places, which led to the collapse of the Peloponnesian League with Sparta as its ally. At the same time, the navy was established to compete with Athens at sea. Thebes was once a powerful country in the Greek city-state.

In 362 BC, Epaminondas led his army to the Peloponnesus for the fourth time and fought the Spartans in Mandinia. Just when victory was in sight, Epaminondas was shot and killed by the enemy. Epaminondas's oblique combat formation, also known as oblique wedge formation, is an innovation in the tactics of the opposing formation in ancient Greek history and military art, which was adopted by some later military strategists.