Answer: 1. In the era of big data, for the needs of social development, school development and personnel training, it is a general trend to introduce big data technology into the field of education and make corresponding changes in education management through "data-driven education", which can not only effectively make up for the shortcomings and defects of the traditional education model and optimize the education management model, but also promote the structural transformation of education and enhance the competitiveness of schools.

Second, the development trend of education management such as timeliness, foresight, personalization and integration highlighted by big data not only brings advantages and opportunities to the development of education management, but also brings many challenges to the innovation and reform of education management. (1) When the timeliness of early warning data highlights a certain standard, when the educational administration data is abnormal, the mechanism will issue an early warning in time, so that educational administration managers can take corresponding measures to solve unexpected problems in time. (2) Compared with the situation that the forecast data highlights the forward-looking and early warning critical point, big data pays more attention to forecasting and scientifically analyzes and judges the development trend and possibility of things.