meaning
Under the pressure of exam-oriented education, family and school education almost all value wisdom over morality, so that countless people think that teenagers today are a beat generation and an unbearable generation. Which is more important, virtue or talent? There are a few words circulating in the workshop: Virtue without talent is true, virtue without talent is disabled, virtue without talent is useless, and virtue without talent is dangerous. If traced back, as early as the Northern Song Dynasty, Sima Guang gave the most incisive conclusion: talent is also the capital of virtue; Virtue is handsome; Since ancient times, it has been more than enough for the country's chaotic ministers and the family's defeated children.
From the juvenile crime rate, it can be seen that more parents and teachers neglect the cultivation of moral education, which makes students taste the bitterness of life prematurely at the best teaching age when their body and mind are about to mature, and even be locked up. At the same time, it has caused great harm to the family and society. It can be seen that the quality of moral education for teenagers is not only related to the future growth of individuals, but also indirectly affects the quality of the whole nation and even the quality and continuation of the whole civilization of the country.
nature
Moral education is a common educational phenomenon in all societies. It is social and always keeps pace with human society. Moral education develops and changes with the development of society, which is historic. In a society where classes and nationalities exist, there are classes and nationalities in moral education. In the historical development of moral education, the principles, principles, contents and methods of moral education have some commonalities, so moral education has inheritance. Moral education is to educate students in ideological, political, moral and psychological qualities. Ideological education is to form students' certain world outlook and outlook on life; Political education is an education that forms students' certain political concepts, beliefs and political beliefs; Moral education is an education to promote students' moral development. It can be said that moral education in China is a "great moral education" covering the whole social ideology. The development of moral character, the formation of outlook on life and the improvement of political consciousness are all problems at different levels, and their process mechanisms are also very different. Political education, ideological education and moral education cannot follow the same principles by the same means and methods, through the same channels.
meaning
Moral education is an important condition and guarantee for socialist modernization.
Moral education is the condition and guarantee for students' healthy growth.
Moral education is the foundation and guarantee to realize the goal of moral education in China.
Moral education is the condition and guarantee for cultivating people with moral development.
Target editing
The concept of moral education goal
The goal of moral education is to achieve the overall normative requirements of the formation and development of the moral quality of the educated through moral education activities, that is, the quality standard of the expected purpose or result to be achieved by moral education activities. The goal of moral education is the starting point of moral education, which not only determines the content, form and method of moral education, but also restricts the basic process of moral education.
Fundamentals of moral education
1. The formation, development and psychological characteristics of teenagers' ideology and morality
2. National Education Policy and Education Purpose
3. National culture and moral tradition
4. The development needs of the times and society
Chief editor
The principle of moral education is the basic requirement that teachers must follow when carrying out moral education for students. It reflects the regularity of moral education process and summarizes the practical experience of moral education. The principles of moral education in primary and secondary schools mainly include:
The importance of moral education
First, pay equal attention to moral cognition and moral practice. Also known as the principle of combining theory with practice and the principle of unity of knowledge and action.
Second, strict requirements and respect for trust. Strict requirements refer to educating students in strict accordance with the educational policy and moral education tasks; Respecting trust means caring about students' growth, respecting their personality and trusting them to develop independently under the guidance of teachers on the basis of democracy and equality.
Thirdly, the requirement of unity should be combined with personality development. Ensure that the development of all students is consistent with the general direction of social development and teach students in accordance with their aptitude.
Fourth, collective education and individual education should be carried out simultaneously. Through collective education of individuals, through individual education to strengthen and influence the students' collective.
Fifth, school education and social influence should be unified. We should not only pay attention to the leading role of school education in the formation of teenagers' moral character, but also pay attention to the influence of all aspects of society, and cooperate and coordinate with each other.
Version contains
1. Patriotism education
2. Ideal education
3. Collectivism education
4. Labor education
5. Humanitarian and social moral education
6. Conscious discipline education
7. Education on the concept of democracy and legal system
8. Education of scientific world outlook and outlook on life
Pattern editing
Subjective moral education mode
This is a moral education model based on moral cognition. The theoretical assumption is that students are the main body of moral education, and moral education should give full play to the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of teachers and students, especially to recognize and respect students' subjective status and personality, and cultivate students to become social subjects with "subjective moral qualities" such as autonomy and initiative.
Activity moral education mode
This is a moral education model which focuses on moral behavior training. The theoretical assumption is that morality is a real human activity, and individual's independent activity is both the purpose and the means of moral education.
Emotional moral education model
This is a moral education model with emotion as the core. According to this model, attention is the integrated structure of the knowledge line with emotion as the core, which has rich levels. The educational value of "learning to care" lies in guiding students from primitive and spontaneous feelings of "care" to rational and conscious feelings of "care", forming the quality of "care" from responsibility, and then laying the foundation for the development of the whole virtue.
Method editing
Moral education method: refers to the method used to improve students' ideological understanding and cultivate their moral quality.
1. Persuasion education law
Persuasion is a method to improve students' understanding and form correct views by putting facts and reasoning. Students are required to abide by moral norms and develop moral behavior. First of all, we should raise awareness, inspire consciousness and arouse their enthusiasm. This requires persuasion to explain the truth, so that students can understand and understand. Only when students' understanding is improved and they realize the necessity of morality can they consciously perform morality. Our school is a socialist school. We should train students to become conscious builders, especially paying attention to persuasion. Persuasion is widely used. No matter which moral education method is adopted, it is inseparable from improving students' understanding and needs to be combined with persuasion, but we can't just emphasize or use persuasion.
Persuasion includes explanation, conversation, report, discussion, interview, etc.
When using persuasion, we should pay attention to the following requirements: (1) Clear purpose; (2) Rich knowledge and strong interest; (3) pay attention to the timing; (4) Treat people with sincerity.
2. Model law
Ex.: It is a way to influence students' moral character with other people's noble thoughts, exemplary behaviors and outstanding achievements.
Examples include: model, demonstration and evaluation.
When using examples, we should pay attention to the following requirements: ① Choose good examples to learn. ② Arouse students' admiration for role models. (3) guide students to use examples to regulate their behavior and improve their self-cultivation.
3. Practice method
Exercise: it is a method to organize students to carry out certain practical activities purposefully and cultivate their good moral character.
Exercises include: exercises, systems, entrusting tasks, and organizing activities.
Pay attention to the following requirements when using exercises: ① Adhere to strict requirements; ② arouse students' enthusiasm; ③ Pay attention to inspection and persistence.
4. Moral Cultivation Guidance Law
Self-cultivation is an important way for students to improve their moral quality through conscious learning, self-reflection and self-behavior adjustment under the guidance of teachers.
The improvement of students' moral character is a dynamic development process, and its effectiveness is closely related to whether students can consciously and actively carry out moral cultivation. The older students are, the greater the role of their personal moral cultivation in their own moral development, so moral education must attach importance to students' moral cultivation and improve their cultivation ability. Without moral cultivation, personal progress is impossible.
Self-cultivation includes: study, motto, determination, self-criticism, cautious independence and so on.
Pay attention to guiding self-cultivation: ① cultivate students' interest and consciousness of self-cultivation. (2) Guide students to master the standards of self-cultivation. ③ Guide students to actively participate in social practice.
5. Shaping educational methods
Shaping: it is a way to cultivate students' moral character by creating a good and subtle way.
Cultivation includes personality edification, environmental cultivation and artistic cultivation.
Attention should be paid to: (1) create a good situation; (2) Combining inspiration with persuasion; (3) Guide students to participate in the creation of situations.
6. Moral evaluation method (praise, reward, criticism and punishment)
Each moral education method has its own characteristics and functions. Every method is indispensable for moral education, but it is not omnipotent. They complement each other and cooperate with each other to form a complete system of moral education methods. It is impossible to cultivate the moral quality of young students through individual methods, but it must be the result of the scientific and comprehensive application of all moral education methods. Therefore, teachers should be familiar with all kinds of moral education methods and be good at using them creatively.
7. Role-playing method
8. Cooperative learning method