First, the nature and task of painting teaching Painting is an important basic skill course for preschool education majors, which occupies an important position in many professional skill courses.
The task of painting teaching is not only to let preschool education students master painting knowledge and skills, but also to cultivate their observation, memory, imagination, creativity, aesthetic ability and interest.
This determines that the essence of painting teaching is for all students. Through teachers' careful guidance and strict requirements, students majoring in preschool education will develop in an all-round and harmonious way in terms of cultural literacy, professional ethics and professional skills, and eventually become a qualified kindergarten teacher.
However, in the current pre-school painting teaching, some teachers often unconsciously regard skills and skills training as an important task of painting teaching, and regard the level of students' painting skills as an important standard of painting teaching. According to the nature and task of painting teaching in preschool education, this is obviously far away.
Art education for preschool children is a complex course, involving a wide range of fields. In addition to introducing the basic concepts, basic theoretical knowledge and development history of preschool children's art education, it also carries out teaching.
It is also necessary to explain to students the relationship between preschool children's art education and other disciplines and social activities, guide students to design and implement preschool children's painting, handicrafts and art appreciation teaching activities in combination with the current situation of preschool children's life, sports, games and learning, and cultivate students' ability to think independently, analyze problems and design teaching practice activities.
Second, the content and methods of painting teaching. The content of painting teaching in preschool education is rich and colorful.
There are many similarities with the painting requirements of general art majors, including still life painting, landscape painting, animal painting, figure painting, Chinese painting and so on.
If different tools, materials and techniques are used, it includes Chinese painting, oil painting, printmaking, sketch, watercolor painting, gouache and other teaching contents.
However, the painting teaching of preschool education specialty has its particularity. According to the future career trend of students, animal painting and figure painting should be the focus of teaching.
Sketch is the foundation of all plastic arts. For all those who study painting, sketch teaching is undoubtedly a key point, and preschool education students are no exception.
Why are animal painting and figure painting the focus of painting teaching in preschool education? Because students majoring in preschool education will serve children in the future, children especially like vivid animal paintings and figure paintings according to their age and psychological characteristics. As a preschool teacher in the future, we should focus on mastering the knowledge and skills of animal paintings and figure paintings with obvious characteristics and beautiful colors, so as to lay a solid foundation for preschool education in the future.
To master these two painting forms and other painting forms, and be familiar with painting methods and skills, we must first lay a good foundation for sketching.
Its task is to guide and train students to observe and express objects correctly (observation refers to understanding the structure of objects, which is characterized by accurate contours). Sketch is also a highly technical basic course, and its basic skills are mainly obtained through diligent study and hard practice. Generally, there are two training methods: sketching and copying.
The main contents of sketch include body structure, anatomical structure and light and shade structure.
Since the purpose of preschool education major is to train qualified preschool teachers, rather than specialized painting talents, we should pay attention to the teaching and training of "body structure" in teaching, so that students can have strong modeling ability on the basis of mastering techniques. As for "anatomical structure" and "light and shade structure", we just need to dabble in it simply.
The importance of "body structure" training in painting teaching is obvious, because any complex body can be summarized as the simplest geometry, and the method of summarizing this complex body into geometry and then restoring it is the main method of body structure analysis and expression.
This is the premise of learning stick figure.
The training of "body structure" for pre-school education students usually begins with copying, and then draws a sketch of gypsum geometry, and draws the front, side and upper and lower surfaces with lines to express the three-dimensional sense. Finally, this geometry is used to analyze the internal and external structures of complex objects and draw a three-dimensional picture.
Through repeated training, students can accurately grasp the outline of the painting object and establish the concept of volume, so that when they see the object again, they can understand the invisible internal structure through the isolated local shape, thus drawing the object accurately.
Of course, it is also an important aspect for teachers to use various teaching methods.
At present, the teaching method of painting is still based on the classroom teaching method of teachers talking and students listening.
This teacher-centered teaching method is quite mandatory. While students are learning and mastering knowledge, their personality development is often hindered, which limits their imagination and creativity.
In view of this situation, we must boldly carry out classroom teaching reform.
In painting teaching, teachers should be the guides to lead students into the art hall and let students soar in the vast art space.
For example, in the training of "stick figure", we can use various ways, such as visiting, watching videos and watching slides, to let students get in touch with objects and works extensively, so that students can really experience and feel with their heart and stimulate their interest in learning.
At the same time, we can adopt a variety of learning methods, such as campus sketch, off-campus sketch, family still life sketch and so on.
With the wide application of computer technology and the popularity of multimedia computers, computer-aided design has penetrated into all fields of painting, which provides a broader space and stage for our painting teaching.
As long as you are good at learning, absorbing nutrition and enriching the forms and methods of painting teaching, you can activate students' thinking, improve their ability, lay a solid basic skill for students, and learn still life painting, landscape painting, animal painting, figure painting and Chinese painting. On this basis, students can master painting knowledge and skills in an all-round way, constantly improve their own quality, and form a higher aesthetic ability, appreciation level and strong skill practice level.
Three, several problems faced by painting teaching, one is the understanding and attitude of preschool education students to painting teaching.
Although painting teaching plays an important role in pre-school professional skills courses, it is not known whether leaders and other teachers also have this understanding. Only when school leaders and others care together can painting teaching go up a storey still higher.
The second is the issue of teacher training.
Teachers are the key to continuously improve the level of painting teaching.
Painting teachers in pre-school education are mostly working alone, lacking opportunities for discussion, which affects teaching to some extent.
It is urgent to send painting teachers to visit and study regularly, broaden their horizons and carry out training and discussion on painting teaching.
The third is the problem of painting teaching facilities.
Schools should strengthen the hardware facilities of painting teaching in preschool education. Conditional to have a special painting classroom, sketch room, special desk, drawing board and easel, plaster model, sketch lamps, physical projectors, cameras, etc. It is not only convenient for teachers to guide, but also conducive to students' practice.
In addition, it is also important to strengthen information construction. An important feature of modern society is the large amount of information. As the information source of painting education, the library should provide convenience for the majority of art teachers in this respect.
In a word, it is necessary to reform the old model of painting teaching in preschool education, further clarify the task and focus of painting teaching, strengthen the training of basic skills of "body structure" painting, comprehensively improve the painting level of preschool education students, and strive to cultivate qualified preschool education talents with comprehensive and harmonious development in 2 1 century.