The education of outlook on life and values is different from the general education of cultural knowledge, and it has distinct discipline, logic and systematicness, while the education of outlook on life and values focuses more on transforming people's thoughts and shaping people's personality. In the process of education, it has distinct directivity, visualization and activity. Judging from the current situation of moral education in China, the education of outlook on life and values has not got rid of the teaching habit of theoretical indoctrination, especially for primary school students, which not only violates the cognitive law of primary school students, but also ignores the basic characteristics of values education. Therefore, it is not only necessary but also urgent to explore the ways and methods of educating students on outlook on life and values.
First of all, the education of life values should start from an early age and form a scientific sequence.
We often say that middle school students are the mature period of outlook on life and world, and the key period of scientific outlook on life education. But this does not mean that it is insignificant in primary school. Psychological research shows that it is difficult for children before 12 to understand the exact meaning of concepts such as life and value, and only understand the superficial meaning of ethical concepts such as happiness, obligation, honor and conscience. However, it cannot be considered that it is too early to implement the education of outlook on life in primary school, which violates the age characteristics of children. Because the scientific outlook on life is gradually formed and matured under the constant influence of the acquired environment dominated by school education. It is really inappropriate to teach the course "Scientific Outlook on Life" directly in primary schools, but primary school students have already made a preliminary design for their future and ideals, and have their own views on life goals, life values, money, happiness and responsibility. And these are precisely the basis for forming their own unique outlook on life in the future. If the above unhealthy factors exist at present, it is obviously difficult to form a scientific outlook on life in middle school. Therefore, the education of life values must start as soon as possible. Just as children before 12 can't understand the concept of "motherland", they still need and can carry out patriotic education. The key lies in how to educate students with different goals, different contents and different methods according to their psychological characteristics, thus forming a scientific educational sequence.
In my opinion, the education of outlook on life in primary school is mainly combined with the education of daily behavior norms. Because many contents in the daily code of conduct are themselves the most elementary correct outlook on life. At the same time, with the help of vivid and interesting stories, easy-to-infect example stories, catchy poems and songs, combined with teachers' handling of class and school accidents, students can be instilled with some relatively simple outlook on life and values, such as "there are others in their hearts, and there are collectives in their hearts"; "study hard and strive for progress"; "Love the motherland, people, labor and science"; "Ideal, moral, educated and disciplined" and so on. Students don't need to fully understand these ideas, but only need to practice them in general reality. In order to make these viewpoints deeply understood by students and establish a deep-seated scientific outlook on life, it is necessary to set up special courses in the middle school stage, combining subject teaching and its colorful educational activities inside and outside the school.
Secondly, family education. Parents should have a correct and positive outlook on life and values. When you talk and do things at home, you should focus on your own image and consider your child's feelings, which will be subtle; Talk to your child more, communicate seriously and kindly, don't muddle through everything, the child is still young, and avoid letting him see something inappropriate (such as young people and dangerous people) and play with something inappropriate. This parent must pay attention to it, and then parents should read more books on psychology and enter the inner world of their children. Pay special attention to children's physical and mental health. For children, grades are not so important, the most important thing is the healthy growth of body and mind.
Primary school is a period in which primary school students' outlook on life and values are initially formed. In the modern times when information technology is unprecedentedly developed, they are often influenced by some bad media and some bad social phenomena, which leads to a distorted understanding of beauty. For example, (1) the level of social morality is generally low. The profit-oriented and competitive nature of the current market economy further impacts the concepts of collectivism, cooperation and mutual assistance and social responsibility. This situation naturally affects teenagers. (2) Wrong public opinion orientation. Since the early 1980s, some low-level, vulgar cultural consciousness and wrong social thoughts have flooded into western society. Various bourgeois values centered on individualism, such as "subjectively for yourself and objectively for others", "human nature is selfish", "money-centered" and "defending individualism", have been introduced many times in the form of "a hundred schools of thought contend". As a result of the debate, it often brings more confusion to teenagers' life values and practice. (3) There is too much noise on the dark side of society. At present, there are many newspapers and periodicals, and the propaganda of heroes, advanced deeds and good deeds is pale and empty, so it is difficult to play its due educational significance. However, the words and deeds of illegal and criminal activities, behaviors that undermine the party discipline and party style, and behaviors that violate social morality are too detailed, which brings negative education to young people with strong plasticity. (4) Parents don't have high requirements for their children's moral outlook. Most parents have high academic expectations for their children, but they pay little attention to their moral requirements. From time to time, they instill in their children some wrong ideas that are incompatible with school moral education. (5) Unhealthy factors in folk culture. Such as feudal superstition, bourgeois philosophy, bad customs, backward moral concepts and so on. It has been preserved in society and family, diluting the educational effect of scientific outlook on life.
In order for primary school students to form a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, we must start from all aspects.
Therefore, in classroom teaching, we should consciously cultivate students' noble moral sentiment and healthy aesthetic taste, and establish correct values and positive attitude towards life. This requires different psychology and different methods. Pupils love justice and some beautiful things, while senior students have a certain understanding, so we should combine their psychology and their dreams and pursuits to draw a conclusion. It is impossible for a teacher and a pair of parents to form a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values. It is necessary to control what pupils see and hear. It is not to deny him free space, but to give him what he should learn, and to evaluate and warn what he knows is not good. If you want children to really understand these questions, you can bring the answers or not (yes or no). However, we should set a good example, give appropriate encouragement and praise, and admit that we have made mistakes in front of children. This is the truth that no one is perfect and gold is not enough.
The living environment of pupils is school, family and society. According to the theory that life is education, we must strengthen the combination of school, society and family education in education, so as to realize "holistic education" and cultivate people who are truly responsible and contribute to society. Suhomlinski said: "The world around students is the source of vivid thoughts and an inexhaustible treasure house."
Therefore, the education of values should be persistent and persistent. Values education is a huge systematic project, which cannot be accomplished overnight. Sometimes we carry out a good activity and the students are educated. But if there is no follow-up measures to consolidate the activities, it is likely to become a temporary impulse. Persistent efforts will form habits and turn natural behavior into conscious behavior. Do we still remember the little boy who saluted in the Wenchuan earthquake? When the PLA uncle rescued him from the ruins, the little boy gave a nonstandard military salute. I don't think the little boy would have done it anyway if his parents and kindergarten teachers hadn't taught him well. The education of outlook on life and values can't be eager for quick success and instant benefit. Values education is like planting a good seed in the young mind of students, so that it will sprout and blossom as soon as it meets the right soil. This is the ultimate goal of values and outlook on life education.