Micro-level research methods
Observation and questionnaire survey are defined from the perspective of data collection and processing, and belong to micro-level "research methods".
♂? Macroscopic research paradigm
Action research is more inclined to the macro-level research paradigm. Different from traditional quantitative research and qualitative research, action research focuses on practical actions and aims to solve problems through actions.
Sample characteristics of case studies
Case study refers to the use of a single or few research samples, which may involve observation, interview and investigation. In some action research, case study may also be a method, for example, to solve the problem that a student with learning difficulties lacks learning motivation.
Characteristics of teacher research
Action research is a teacher's research, aiming at solving teaching problems through action. Action research may also use microscopic methods, such as observation and questionnaire survey.