Relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education: Hello everyone, we are very grateful to all sectors of society for their concern and support for the safety work of kindergartens in primary and secondary schools. Ensuring the safe and healthy growth of the majority of primary and secondary schools is the top priority of education, and it is the basis and premise of running a satisfactory education for the people. In recent years, with the joint efforts of everyone, the safety work in primary and secondary schools has made new achievements. Recently, the General Office of the State Council forwarded the Guiding Outline of Public Safety Education in Primary and Secondary Schools (hereinafter referred to as the Outline) formulated by the Ministry of Education, which fully reflected that the CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the safety work in kindergartens in primary and secondary schools and cared for the majority of young people. It is another concrete measure to adhere to "people-oriented" and implement Scientific Outlook on Development, which will definitely have a great impact on our further safety education in primary and secondary schools. I think there are three needs in formulating and promulgating the Outline:
First, the need to implement relevant national laws and regulations and improve the emergency management system of public emergencies in China.
Primary and secondary school students are the future of the motherland. Strengthening public safety education for primary and secondary school students, cultivating their safety awareness, knowledge and skills, and improving their self-help and self-protection ability in the face of unexpected safety incidents will have a far-reaching positive impact on improving the safety awareness and self-help and mutual rescue ability of the people of China.
Last year, China successively revised the Law on the Protection of Minors and the Law on Compulsory Education, and promulgated the Measures for the Safety Management of Kindergartens in Primary and Secondary Schools, which put forward clear legal requirements for doing a good job in safety education in primary and secondary schools. In addition, in the documents such as Overall Emergency Plan for Implementing National Public Emergencies in the State Council, Overall Implementation Plan for Emergency Management and Popular Science Education, and Emergency Plan for Public Emergencies in the Education System, it is proposed to widely publicize emergency laws and regulations and common sense of prevention, hedging, self-help, mutual rescue and disaster reduction, so as to enhance public emergency awareness, social responsibility and self-help and mutual rescue ability.
This year, we promulgated and implemented the "Outline" in time at the beginning of this year, which is not only the need to implement relevant national laws and regulations and strengthen running schools according to law, but also helpful to popularize safety knowledge among primary and secondary school students, improve students' ability to prevent and deal with public safety emergencies, consolidate and improve China's emergency management system for public safety emergencies, reduce disasters, reduce disaster losses, and maintain social stability and unity.
The second is the need to standardize and strengthen safety education in primary and secondary schools.
By analyzing the causes of safety accidents among primary and secondary school students in China in recent years, we deeply feel that many accidents can be avoided if students' safety education is in place and students have basic safety awareness and preventive ability. This reflects that there are still some places that need to be strengthened in public safety education in primary and secondary schools in China. In addition, there are still some places that need to be standardized in China's safety education at present. For example, the curriculum of public safety education in schools is scattered and lacks systematicness, and most of the contents focus on the teaching of students' safety knowledge and the development of cognitive ability, lacking the training of safety awareness and safety behavior; The administrative department of education also lacks guidance and norms for public safety education in primary and secondary schools, and has not fully established a comprehensive guarantee mechanism suitable for carrying out safety education; Some schools do not pay enough attention to public safety education, and their implementation is weak, and they are not arbitrary, ineffective and targeted. In view of the above problems, it is necessary for us to plan and clarify the content and implementation process of public safety education in primary and secondary schools from the national level, further strengthen the guidance of public safety education in primary and secondary schools, effectively improve the effectiveness of public safety education in primary and secondary schools, and ensure the personal safety of primary and secondary school students.
The third is the need to build a safety management system and a long-term mechanism for safety education in primary and secondary schools.
In accordance with the policy of "scientific prevention and active prevention", we always put prevention first in the safety work of primary and secondary schools, and take strengthening safety education in primary and secondary schools as a major event. In order to strengthen school safety education, a series of guidance documents, such as notices and opinions, have been issued several times alone or jointly with other departments. However, most of these notices and documents are aimed at some aspects or outstanding problems of safety education in primary and secondary schools, and they do not provide comprehensive and systematic guidance for public safety education in primary and secondary schools. The promulgation and implementation of the "Outline" has made systematic and comprehensive norms and requirements for the content, implementation mode and guarantee mechanism of public safety education in primary and secondary schools, provided comprehensive and systematic policy guarantee for safety education in primary and secondary schools in China, further improved the content of safety education in primary and secondary schools, and laid the foundation for establishing a long-term mechanism for safety education in primary and secondary schools.
Reporter: How does the Outline stipulate the guiding ideology, objectives and basic principles?
The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education: First, the guiding ideology highlights the times and emphasizes the need to use Scientific Outlook on Development to guide public safety education in primary and secondary schools under our current background.
Second, the goal setting is targeted, and it is stipulated from three levels: cognition, skills and behavior, so as to make students not only establish safety awareness and acquire safety knowledge subjectively, but also learn to use safety knowledge and skills in life practice and develop standardized safety behavior habits.
Third, it highlights the operability of the basic principles. According to the characteristics of students' physical and mental development and the cognitive characteristics of students of different ages, the Outline specifies in detail the implementation methods and methods of public safety education in primary and secondary schools.
Reporter: Can you talk about the main contents of the outline?
Relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education: The outline includes four aspects: the first part is "the guiding ideology, objectives and basic principles of public safety education"; The second part is the main content, the third part is the implementation method and the fourth part is the guarantee mechanism. These four aspects not only put forward the general requirements for public safety education, but also defined the public safety contents of different sectors, and also stipulated the ways and guarantee mechanisms for implementing public safety education.
Referring to the six types of public emergencies stipulated in the State Council's "Implementing the National Overall Emergency Plan for Public Emergencies" and "Emergency Plan for Public Emergencies in Education System", the outline correspondingly determines six modules of public safety education: first, preventing and responding to social safety accidents or events; The second is to prevent and respond to public health accidents; The third is to prevent and deal with accidental injuries; The fourth is to prevent and respond to network and information security accidents; The fifth is to prevent and respond to natural disasters; The sixth is to prevent and respond to other incidents that affect students' safety.
In addition, in terms of content setting, taking into account the different scope and characteristics of primary school, junior high school and senior high school students' study life, aiming at the physical and mental development law and cognitive characteristics of primary school, junior high school and senior high school students, the syllabus sets the teaching content according to the four learning periods of primary school, senior high school, junior high school and senior high school, with different emphasis, so as to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of public safety education.
The lower grades of primary school focus on understanding the existence of danger; Know simple methods and skills to avoid danger, survive and ask for help; Emphasize personal safety.
Senior pupils focus on understanding the dangers of danger; Form a sense of risk aversion; Master the basic methods to avoid danger; Emphasize personal safety.
Junior high school focuses on understanding the basic knowledge related to safety; Enhance the awareness of self-protection; Master the basic methods to ensure safety; Emphasize personal safety and give consideration to public safety.
Senior high school focuses on understanding the basic methods related to safety; Consciously resist incidents that may cause security problems; Can help others on the premise of ensuring their own safety; It emphasizes not only personal safety, but also public safety and national security.
Reporter: What are the main ways to implement public safety education in primary and secondary schools?
Relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education: The outline clearly points out the main ways to implement public safety education in primary and secondary schools, and improves the guarantee mechanism and various measures to ensure the effective implementation of the outline.
The main ways to implement public safety education in primary and secondary schools are:
First, the school should infiltrate the content of public safety education into the subject teaching and comprehensive practical activity curriculum; Second, using local courses, taking classes, group meetings, flag-raising ceremonies, special lectures, wall newspapers, blackboard newspapers, visits, drills, etc. to help students systematically master public safety knowledge; Third, carry out safety education through games, simulations, activities, experiences and other thematic teaching activities to enrich campus culture; Fourth, the school cooperates with public security, fire protection, transportation, public security, health, earthquake and other departments as well as families and society to carry out various forms of public safety education. According to the relevant provisions of the Outline, local education administrative departments and schools can creatively and actively carry out public safety education activities with lively forms and rich contents in combination with the actual situation of local schools.
All localities should actively establish and improve the security mechanism of public safety education in primary and secondary schools from the following aspects:
The first is to ensure the time for public safety education. All localities should, according to the local actual situation and the curriculum plans of different classes, ensure the completion of the teaching contents stipulated in this syllabus, and arrange necessary time to carry out self-help and self-protection and escape practice drills.
The second is to strengthen the construction of teaching resources. Actively develop various forms of teaching resources, including network resources, graphic materials, etc. Vigorously promote schools to use public books to purchase relevant educational materials in a unified way, as part of school public books, for all students to borrow and use circularly, promote the integration and sharing of teaching resources, and not increase the burden on students.
Third, we should attach importance to the construction of teaching staff. Education administrative departments and schools at all levels should incorporate public safety education into all in-service teachers' continuing education and training series and teachers' school-based training plans, carry out training at different levels, and continuously improve the level of teachers' public safety education.
Fourth, we should strengthen teaching and research activities and scientific research projects. Actively carry out regional research and promote school-based research at the school level.
Fifth, we should attach importance to and strengthen teaching evaluation and supervision. Local education administrative departments should formulate scientific evaluation standards for public safety education and incorporate them into one of the important indicators of school supervision and principal assessment. The evaluation should focus on the establishment of students' safety awareness, the mastery of basic knowledge and skills, the formation of safe behavior, and the arrangement, necessary resource allocation, implementation and actual effect of public safety education activities in schools. Schools should incorporate teachers' implementation of safety education into teachers' evaluation.
Reporter: What specific requirements does the Ministry of Education have for the implementation of the program in various places?
The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education: First, it is necessary to strengthen publicity and raise awareness of the Outline. After the promulgation of the Outline, the first thing to do is to strengthen propaganda work, unify thoughts and improve everyone's understanding of the Outline and school safety work. Through publicity, schools and education administrative departments can comprehensively and profoundly understand the provisions on safety education in the Outline, and effectively implement students' safety education in practice according to the requirements of the Outline; Propaganda work should also be oriented to parents and society. Through publicity, parents and all walks of life will realize the importance of students' safety and safety education, and support and actively cooperate with schools to do a good job in students' safety education. So as to finally form a new situation in which the whole society pays close attention to and manages students' safety education.
Second, the provinces will issue detailed rules for the implementation of the outline as soon as possible. The "Outline" is formulated by the Ministry according to the overall situation of safety education in China and taking into account the actual situation in various places. However, there are great differences in the development of economy, culture and education in different parts of China, and there are also great differences in the social and natural environment in which students study and live, so there will be some differences in the content and form of students' safety education. To this end, all provinces should, in accordance with the requirements of the "Outline" and combined with local conditions, issue detailed rules for the implementation of the "Outline" as soon as possible. This can not only ensure the consistency of policies from the central government to the local government, but also reflect the local conditions and characteristics, so that students' safety education is targeted, operable and effective.
The third is to strengthen the training of principals and teachers and improve the capacity building of safety education. Students' safety education needs the joint efforts of all the staff and workers in the school, that is to say, all the staff and workers in the school should have the ability of students' safety education. It should be said that the safety education ability of principals and teachers is the main factor that determines whether the syllabus can be implemented well, and also determines the effect of safety education for students. Therefore, it is an important job to strengthen the safety education and training of principals and teachers. It is necessary to increase the content of students' safety education in the regular training of principals and teachers, clarify the training hours and requirements, and improve students' safety education ability.
This year, The 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China will be held soon. Local education administrative departments and primary and secondary schools should further enhance their sense of responsibility and mission from the height of implementing Scientific Outlook on Development and building a harmonious socialist society, conscientiously implement the outline in light of local conditions, earnestly strengthen public safety education for primary and secondary school students, constantly improve their safety awareness and safety protection ability, and ensure their personal safety, and strive to create a good atmosphere for the victory of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.