Thalassemia is a genetic disease. There are two alleles on the chromosome of human cells. If this gene is mutated, the human body cannot synthesize normal hemoglobin (human hemoglobin contains two globin chains at the same time). When there is a gene mutation, it is a vector. Because the normal gene is dominant and the mutant pathogenic gene is recessive, the carrier's performance is normal at this time.

? If the sperm of both parents carrying the pathogenic gene is combined with the egg, the probability of homozygote or double heterozygote in their offspring is higher, which means that their children are likely to be thalassemia children. If both parents' sperm and eggs carry normal genes, then their offspring are completely normal children. If one of the parents is a carrier, that is, one of the sperm or eggs carries a mutant gene, then the children born to them behave normally, but they are likely to be carriers, and the pathogenic genes they carry will be passed on to the next generation in the future.

Therefore, if the husband or wife has a family history of thalassemia, they must be tested before marriage to see if it is pathogenic. If one of them is unfortunately a carrier, we must pay special attention to prenatal examination and make prenatal diagnosis at various molecular levels by using DNA analysis gene diagnosis method. If it is determined that the fetus is a child with severe thalassemia, the pregnancy can be terminated and the thalassemia gene can be controlled from the source to achieve the purpose of prenatal and postnatal care.

? Find these diseases in time during the premarital examination and treat them as soon as possible; Even if there is no treatment, both sides can make psychological preparations and make proper arrangements. Through premarital examination, we can also understand the necessary sex education, which is beneficial to family planning, such as how to live a harmonious and happy sex life after marriage; Pre-marital examination marks the civilization and progress of human beings and has been accepted by many developed countries. Many countries in the world stipulate that both parties should exchange medical certificates before marriage, and some even advocate pre-marital examination. The premarital examination has been popularized in many cities in China, and people pay more and more attention to it. For the happiness of the family and the health of the next generation, we must do a good job in premarital examination.