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In the spring of A.D. 1750, Wang Chun, the magistrate of Huixian County, received a political task that might rewrite his fate. Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty wanted to take his mother to inspect Huixian County.
Qianlong was in charge of the empire 15 years, and he was an emperor with a high aesthetic vision. He wants to follow his grandfather Kangxi six times to the south of the Yangtze River. Before leaving, he needs to find a venue similar to Zhong Ling Yu Xiu in the south of the Yangtze River for pre-rehearsal, so as to build a palace comparable to the royal garden and the southern garden.
In the northern part of Nuoda, Ganlong naturally set his sights on Huixian, an obscure small county in Henan.
Wang Chun, the county magistrate who received the order, took craftsmen to the south foot of Sumen Mountain, 40 miles northwest of the city, and paved stones around Bai Quan Lake, covering 34,000 square meters, transforming and restoring the landscape around Bai Quan Lake from generation to generation. After eight months of overtime work, a "Cuihua Palace" covering an area of 8 1 mu was finally reborn on the basis of Baiquan Academy in Ming Dynasty.
Baiquan garden
On the morning of September 20th, the 39-year-old Emperor Qianlong and the Empress Dowager helped the Empress Dowager to visit Sumen Mountain and Baiquan Lake. In the evening, Emperor Qianlong stayed in Cuihua Palace, accompanied by the Empress Dowager in Bailuyuan.
During his trip to Huixian in late autumn this year, Qianlong left eleven poems, six plaques and a couplet here.
Ganlong likes this palace very much. After returning to Beijing, he sent someone to copy the "comfortable nest" of Baiquan Garden, and built it in the Summer Palace according to its layout structure, and named it "Shaole Nest".
The "comfort zone" of Baiquan Garden in Huixian County is built on the mountain and lives by the lake. The layout of hiding wind and connecting water can be called the pinnacle of geomantic omen in China. His designer and user is Shao Yong, a great scholar and master of Yi Studies in Song Dynasty. One of the important reasons why Baiquan Garden can make Qianlong linger is that Shao Fuzi, who is proficient in Feng Shui and upright, carried out a series of "wise men enjoy water and be kind to others" when he lived here.
Comfortable nest
Who's Shao Yong? The "popular fried chicken" in the academic circles of the Northern Song Dynasty, the most famous master of Yi Studies at that time, also laid the foundation for the development of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty. The philanthropist Shaw, a famous tycoon in Hong Kong, is his 34th generation grandson. Song Shi praised him as a "brilliant Ingram micro, which will remain immortal", and Cheng Yi and Zhu praised him even more.
Shao Yong, a famous scholar, has been giving lectures in Baiquan all the year round, and many people come from all over the world, including Cheng Yi, Cheng Hao and Zhou Dunyi, who came to Sumenshan to learn from Shao Yong.
Shao Yong Taiji Academy near Bai Quan Lake Mansion was famous all over the country as early as the end of the Five Dynasties, and its teaching content was mainly easy to learn. Therefore, the site selection also attaches great importance to the "harmony between man and nature", and the academy is built at the foot of Sumen Mountain and beside Baiquan Lake, paying attention to the influence of nature on students.
Shao Yong
Academy is a unique form of educational organization in ancient China. It is a relatively independent non-governmental academic research and education institution besides official schools, which is mainly founded by the people and integrates teaching research and book collection schools.
After Shao Yong, Zhu in Southern Song Dynasty, Yao Shu in Yuan Dynasty and Chu Cai gave lectures in Sumenshan Taiji Academy successively, and Baiquan Lake became the center of neo-Confucianism research in Central Plains. After being renamed Baiquan Academy in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, it is still the "Zhongnanhai" in the hermit world, the "Zhongnanhai" in politics and the "Sanlitun" among the post-90 s hipsters.
What makes Bai Quan more famous are Confucian scholars Sun Qifeng and Mr. Xia Feng in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, and they are called the three great Confucianism in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties together with Huang Zongxi and Li Erqu. In the Confucian monograph "The Case of Confucianism in Qing Dynasty", he was honored as "the great Confucian in Zhongzhou".
Sun Qifeng's 25 years of teaching and writing in Baiquan is also the 25 years of great development of Baiquan Academy, and people with lofty ideals come from all directions. According to the Xia Feng Chronicle, there are 200 disciples, including many famous scholars such as Xue, Jia Sanhuai and Jia Erlin.
As early as the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the first reclusive scholar in Bai Quan area of Sumenshan was a man named Sun Deng. Even the most arrogant and wild among the seven sages of bamboo forest was deeply impressed by him. After visiting Sun Deng in Sumenshan, Ruan Ji wrote a biography of Mr. Adult, praising Sun Deng as a real "adult" who coexisted with heaven and earth and the avenue.
Ruan Ji and Ji Kang both lived here for a long time because they admired Sun Deng. Later generations of writers and scholars such as Jia Dao, Wu Daozi, Su Dongpo and Zhu stayed here. In addition, there are more than 65,438+070 sculptures in Baiquan Garden, such as the statue of Confucius in Wu Daozi in Tang Dynasty, the real statue of a cloth bag monk painted by Cui Bai in Song Dynasty, the four-screen tablet of Yue Fei, the big grass tablet of Ye Bingjing in Ming Dynasty, the calligraphy sketch of Tang Yin, and the rain and bamboo picture of Zheng Banqiao in Qing Dynasty.
After several dynasties, Baiquan has become a cultural landmark. People who have never been to worship the spring are embarrassed to say that they are in the cultural circle.
Baiquan garden
Even Qianlong, who loves art, came to this academy-style garden palace and was quite surprised. In addition to the landscape, what surprised him even more was that a small ravine in Henan had such a profound humanistic heritage.
Misfortune depends on happiness, and happiness depends on misfortune. Qianlong's love for Baiquan Academy was also a major reason for Baiquan's depression in modern times.
After the academy was changed to the palace, the lecture activities were forced to stop. Before, it was difficult to find a group of Confucian scholars who debated mountains and rivers and sang in words. Baiquan Academy no longer exports groups of Confucian scholars like flowing water.
1826, in order to revitalize Baiquan Academy, Huixian county magistrate bought 100 houses in Huixian City with his own money and rebuilt Baiquan Academy.
Baiquan Academy, which later moved to the county seat, was gradually abandoned. 1909, Yuan Shikai and Xu Shichang donated money to repair when they lived in Huixian. In addition, in 1930, Peng Yuting, a gentry of Nanyang Town, and Liang Shuming, a modern scholar, founded the henan village Institute in Baiquan and launched the rural construction movement, but they were forced to close down one year later because of the Central Plains War.
Baiquan Agricultural College, entering the contemporary era, expects the academic spirit of its predecessors to be born and become the predecessor of Henan Institute of Science and Technology today. In 200 1 year, the former site of Baiquan Academy was listed as a national cultural relics protection unit and became a 3A-level tourist attraction, but it has been difficult to recover its decline.
In 20 1 1 year, Baiquan Scenic Area was exposed by the media. Because there were few tourists, Baiquan Garden in that year was abandoned and became a place for herding sheep. Baiquan Academy was founded from the end of the Five Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty, which lasted for nearly a thousand years. Since the Song Dynasty, Baiquan Academy has become the core of the study of Neo-Confucianism in the Central Plains several times, occupying a unique position in the history of education in China. Its spiritual temperament and cultural mission are as eternal as Sumen Mountain and as inexhaustible as Baiquan Lake.
After Baiquan, it has become a question whether there will be another China classical garden model that integrates landscape and humanities.
The answer is obvious:
In the north of Zhengdong New District, across a Yellow River Bridge, the first China classical garden villa will be unveiled in a golden section of Pingyuan New District, which is less than half an hour's drive from the main city.
Let's see if these real-life photos can shock you. Are there any Chinese memories that travel through history?
These poetic buildings belong to Chinese garden villas that have been built all over Blue City. And Mr. Song Weiping's feelings of China also landed in Henan for the first time-Xiaochun, a blue city Taoyuan, built a Chinese villa based on Humble Administrator's Garden, which reappeared the beauty of time in China's classical gardens.
Blue City Taoyuan Xiao Chun Chinese Villa is a spiritual return to the traditional "Lane Courtyard" culture in China, emphasizing the embodiment of China traditional cultural artistic conception in modern villa life. On the basis of the traditional building facade in China, the door hall strives for correctness, the porch strives for change, the pavilion seeks interest, the boat seeks cleverness, and the ornamentation seeks rhyme.
In addition to emphasizing the beauty of the building itself, Blue City also hopes to give it more humanistic connotations, and create a poetic life for the owners through the contemporary dialogue between classical art and classical courtyards.