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Password: zu25 Title: Carl Sagan's Universe
Author: Yefant? technician
Translator: Vivian Chow
Douban score: 8. 1
Press: Shanghai Science and Technology Education Press
Publication year: 2000- 12
Page count: 348
Content introduction:
This book is mainly composed of four parts. The first and second parts are attractive descriptions of the history and present situation of the American space program (which also supplements the explanation of the Russian program) and the search for extraterrestrial life. The latter two parts discuss the importance of science education in successfully developing a technological society and formulating policies to solve the problems we are facing today. In addition, there is a chapter written by Sagan himself, which discusses the position and role of our planet and human beings in the universe.
This book is for Carl? Sagan's achievement will attract all people who are interested in planetary science, explore and find extraterrestrial life and the role of science in today's world, and make them gain something.
About the author:
Carl. When carl sagan came to Cornell in 1968, he was young, smart and ambitious. In this respect, he is not much different from other young teachers. But Sagan has extraordinary insights and very clear goals. He loves science, especially astronomy. He firmly believes that the main question of the origin of life and whether there is life in other parts of the universe can be confirmed through rational thinking and profound research and observation. In addition, he firmly believes that everything he knows, believes and hopes to discover must be effectively communicated with public policy makers and the general public. He realized that in a technological society (or any advanced society), science is the key factor to make wise decisions.
For nearly 30 years, we watched Carl? Sagan pursued his views with great dedication and achieved brilliant results. He has played a leading role since the United States had a space program. Before Apollo astronauts flew to the moon, he gave them a brief instruction. He also participated in the scientific design of Mariner, Viking, Voyager and Galileo planetary exploration missions. In addition, according to the principle of "greenhouse effect", he helped to uncover the mystery of Venus' high temperature. He also clarified that the seasonal changes on Mars are caused by dust blown by the wind, and the red light on Titan is caused by the presence of organic molecules in its atmosphere. As an adviser to NASA, Sagan is regarded as an important spokesman for the entire scientific community in the face of congressional hearings and the press. He drew public attention to extremely important environmental issues (such as "nuclear winter"). He is one of the key scientists who organize and encourage the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
Sagan became a best-selling author all over the world, and he popularized science and its significance to mankind in his books. 1978 won the Pulitzer Prize for his book The Dragon of Eden. 1980, he launched the public TV series Cosmos, which was watched by 500 million people in 60 countries. This series of 13 episodes broke the previous record in the number of viewers and greatly shocked audiences everywhere. It has written a magnificent chapter in the birth and development of life, civilization and science on earth. The book Cosmos, published subsequently, has been on the bestseller list of The New York Times for 70 weeks, printed 42 times in the United States, and the foreign edition is 3 1.
Sagan is the most famous popular science writer and educator in the 20th century. In Cornell, Sagan's speech filled any lecture hall; In order to register his limited class, the students have to go through fierce competition. Many accomplished and still working space scientists are his former students and colleagues. The whole world is very willing to talk to him, not only because the topics he discusses are so interesting, but also because of his extraordinary talent as a public speaker. He can always approach, educate and really please any audience on earth.
1980, Sagan and Bruce Murray established the Planetary Society (American Astronomical Society) to explore the solar system, find planets of other stars, and explore life and wisdom on other planets in the universe. Sagan is the first president of this association, which has more than 654.38 million members all over the world. Sagan's social goal can best illustrate his ambition and personal philosophy: "to discover and explore the new world and find our opponents in the depths of space-what a sacred goal." Because of the great progress in technology in the past 20 years, they are now in the sober field of scientific reality. Making such efforts for the benefit of mankind marks that we are committed to a promising future. "
Carl, 60 years old? Sagan is still a tireless worker and dreamer like a young scientist. His books have been published one after another, and he is going to adapt his novel Contact into a movie. In his laboratory, experiments are still going on to simulate Jupiter's atmosphere and Titan's conditions, as well as other experiments to explore the origin of life on our earth.
To celebrate Sagan's 60th birthday, Cornell University specially organized a seminar related to his work. The seminar was held in Cornell campus in June 1994, and 300 scientists, educators, Sagan's friends and family members from all over the world were invited to attend. These articles included in this book come from this honor seminar. These four general themes are: ⅰ. Planetary exploration; Two. Life in the universe; Three. Science education; Four. Science, environment and public policy. The above topics have been discussed by many excellent speakers, so Carl? Sagan's decades of interests and work contents.
Carl. Sagan's work inspires and inspires many young people in the world to devote themselves to science. At the banquet of this seminar, Hamadou Seini, a student from Niamey, Niger, described how Sagan urged him to establish Karl? Sagan Astronomical Club "; Hedri, a freshman at Cornell University, said that she was attracted by Sagan's book Contact and entered science and Cornell University. "She clutched an old book tightly in her hand, but the pages contained the most valuable stories she had ever read-the adventure stories of a group of scientists, the stories of struggle and victory, the stories of life, and the wonderful stories of traveling to a place without us, but in our hearts. It seems that the girl who longed to touch infinity all her life suddenly came into contact with them. "
Sagan's seminar and the minutes here are sponsored by Cornell University Astronomy Department, Planetary Society New Millennium Committee and Parade magazine. We thank barnett, Sharon Falletta and laurel Parker for their cooperation and help. Thanks to Drojan, Gilas and salpeter for their valuable suggestions. We would also like to thank Mary Roth for printing the minutes of the meeting and helping to edit them.
A few months after Sagan's 60th birthday, he was diagnosed with a rare disease-myelodysplastic disease. He fought against the disease optimistically for nearly two years and always kept his courage. After receiving a bone marrow transplant and some follow-up treatment at the Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, he died of pneumonia on February 20th.
199665438+February 23rd, Carl? Sagan was buried in Ithaca. The whole world is mourning and commemorating him. His family, friends, colleagues and everyone were influenced by his works and lectures. People infected by speeches and TV programs will miss him deeply for a long time.
Yefant？ Yervan Terzian
Elizabeth? Elizabeth Bilsen
Ithaca, new york 1997 1.