His father Li Xiusheng and Wu Guanyin, one of the three gifted scholars in Chenghai County, are bosom friends (Wu Guanyin: a student studying in Japan, a famous historian. /kloc-at the beginning of the 9th century, he served as counselor and director of the compilation department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Beijing government. In the early years of the Republic of China, Zhonghua Magazine was edited by Zhonghua Book Company. Later, he served as the president of Northeastern University. ) Li Xiusheng, cousin Li Nansheng, Wu Guanyin and Li Xiucai of Chenghai County met in Xiamen to attend a group meeting, followed Dr. Sun Yat-sen in revolutionary activities, publicized the Three People's Principles in their hometown and took the lead in cutting braids. The four of them often get together at Liucha Lane 15 to discuss state affairs, which influenced the young Li Chuntao with revolutionary ideas. Determined to learn from Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary spirit, he chose Jingshan as his special word.
Your father ordered Li Chuntao to worship Wu Guanyin as his teacher. At that time, Du was already a disciple of Wu Guanyin, so Li and Du were disciples of the same school. Dolby Li Chuntao is eight years older. Li and Du Yi hit it off like old friends, and became brothers from now on.
Li Chuntao's family is an old-fashioned family with more than ten cousins. He is the oldest of the two brothers. Li Chuntao studied in Chengnan Primary School and Jinshan Middle School in Chaozhou during his childhood and adolescence. He studied hard since he was a child, was diligent and eager to learn, was brilliant, had a solid Chinese foundation and made outstanding achievements.
1965438+September 2008-1921June to study in Waseda University, Japan. 1965438+On May 4th, 2009, the May 4th Movement broke out in Beijing. On May 7th, Li Chuntao attended a memorial meeting for national humiliation held by overseas students in Japan.
19 19 During the autumn and winter, Li Dazhao's representative work My View on Marxism and Yang Paoan's representative work Marxism were published one after another. Du, Deng Chumin, Lin, Tian Han and Li Chuntao are all engaged in the study and research of Marxism in Japan, and often send newspapers and documents about Japanese and international socialist movements to Lin for exchange.
1965438+September 2009 18, Waseda University progressive students established the "Builders Alliance". Soon, Li Chuntao and Peng Pai joined the organization. 1920 10 Li Chuntao co-founded the Red Heart Society with Peng Pai and Yang Sizhen, published Red Heart, studied the experience of Marxism and Russian revolution, and discussed the practical problems of China revolution. Also attending the Red Heart Club were ten people, including Wang, Chen, Lin Kongzhao, Li, Peng Ze, Lin Quan and Hong Da. 1920165438+10 In October, Japanese Sakai Toshihiko, Han Renwu and others initiated the organization "COSMO-C 1UB" in Tokyo, and Peng Pai and Chuntao "joined first because they knew each other".
192 1 year, Chuntao graduated from Waseda University in Japan. When he returned to China via Beijing, he and Fang and other Chaoshan youths listened to Li Dazhao's speech in Beijing.
192 1 2009-1922 February, served as the dean and acting principal of Chaozhou Jinshan Middle School. I went to Jinzhong because the headmaster, Dr. Zhang Jingsheng, was an alumnus of Li Chuntao in Jinzhong. When Zhang saw Chuntao returning to his hometown, he went to meet him, had a good talk and shared the same interests. Zhang hired Chuntao to work at his alma mater. As soon as Li Chuntao arrived at school, he immediately founded and edited the Golden Monthly. Evolution "and openly and regularly explain the socialist theory to students. In addition, despite the resistance from all sides, 192 1 September enrolled eight girls, creating a precedent for co-education in Chaozhou. Han Shi also enrolled five girls in 1923.
At that time, there were no electric lights in Chaozhou, so Li Chuntao set up a power station in Jinzhong, which was managed by students and installed more than 100 electric lights. It not only improves the teaching conditions, but also helps the diligent poor students to continue their studies. During his tenure in Jinzhong, he cared about and supported the activities of Chaozhou Youth Reading Club, and took the initiative to introduce some new books and periodicals from other places to the reading club. Through the reading club, he invited an American who traveled all over the world to give a speech on his impressions along the way in Jinzhong, so as to broaden students' horizons and increase social knowledge.
192 1 year 10 After Peng Pai became the director of Haifeng Education, Li Chuntao was invited by Peng Pai to be the teacher of Haifeng No.1 High School in March 1922. He only selected two or three good articles from the textbooks, and took "The Essence of New Literature and New Youth" as the teaching material to teach the works of Liang Qichao, Cai Yuanpei, Chen Duxiu and Lu Xun.
1922 On May Day, Li Chuntao assisted Peng Pai and Yang Sizhen in actively preparing for Haifeng Labor Day Memorial Parade. After the parade, Li Chuntao delivered a speech at the sports ground, calling on students to "fight for the happy life of mankind". This commemorative parade frightened the local tyrants and evil gentry in Haifeng. Chen Jiongming was relieved of the post of Peng Pai, the director of education, and the practice of innovative education suffered setbacks. However, the activities of Chuntao and Peng Pai to promote new ideas did not stop. Li Chuntao and Peng Pai co-founded Red Heart Weekly, served as the editor-in-chief and personally engraved it. With a clear political attitude, Red Heart Weekly started a debate with Chen Jiongming's Lu 'an Day magazine until it returned to Chaozhou on July 1922.
65438+September 0922-65438+April 0925 Li Chuntao and Du He rented the courtyard at South Crescent Hutong 13, Cihuidian, Di 'anmen, Beijing. Teaching in China University, civilian university, Hosei University and higher female teachers. Published a large number of articles in publications such as Lonely Army, Morning Light and Learning Art to promote Marxism.
1In August, 923, Li Chuntao returned to Chaozhou to visit relatives, just as Haifeng Agricultural Movement was suppressed, more than 20 people were arrested, and Haifeng County Agricultural Association was dissolved, which was known as the "Seventh Five-Year Agricultural Movement" in history. Peng Pai's three brothers went to Liucha Lane and told Li Chuntao about it. Peng and Li discussed, and Li Chuntao drafted "Haifeng County Farmers Crying to Their Compatriots", which was immediately sent to all walks of life to expand publicity and call for assistance in rescuing the arrested farmers. In view of the distorted articles in Hong Kong's Hua Zi Bao and Jianshe Weekly at that time, Li Chuntao published a long article "Haifeng Peasant Movement and its Instructor Peng Pai" in Beijing in June, 1923+0 1 supporting the peasant movement led by Peng Pai.
1924 65438+1October 2 1 Lenin passed away. Li Chuntao, Du and Li (Li Chuntao's younger brother) went to Peking University Law School to attend a meeting in memory of Lenin. Li Chuntao made a speech at the meeting to publicize Lenin's thought of worker-peasant alliance. Together with Du Fu and Kuang Mohan, he edited and published the Album of Lenin's Death and Social Issues, with tens of thousands of prints. Although Li Chuntao is in Beijing, he continues to actively write articles in Shantou's Daling Dongbao, Tiansheng Daily, Shantou Star and Times to publicize democratic ideas and arouse people's anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism.
1925 In April, at the invitation of Shi Cuntong of Shanghai University, Li Chuntao gave a lecture at the school. He taught students about colonial policy and delivered his speech in the supplement of the Republic of China Daily in Shanghai. In Shanghai, Li Chuntao also participated in the May 30th Movement which shocked China and foreign countries.
June 1925 Li Chuntao left Shanghai and returned to Shantou via Hangzhou. On the way, many comrades and friends asked him about the recent situation of Haifeng Peasant Association, because the reactionary public opinion spoke ill of Haifeng Peasant Association. In order to further understand the situation of Haifeng agricultural movement and refute the rumors of reactionaries with facts, Li Chuntao decided to conduct a field investigation. Arrived in Haifeng on July 7 and attended the first farmers' congress in Haifeng County on July 9. Peng Pai introduced Li Chuntao to meet with 126 representatives of farmers' associations, conducted a survey on farmers' land ownership concept by raising their hands, and wrote an article "Who owns the land?" It shows that Haifeng Peasant Association is a class organization of farmers, which has a profound mass base and strong vitality and strongly supports the peasant movement.
1925 65438+ 10 1 He started the second Crusade, and he worked in the political department of the Crusade General Command led by Zhou Enlai. 1925165438+1At the beginning of October, the Chaozhou Branch of Huangpu Military Academy was established in Licuo Temple, Xiangtai Road (now Zhongshan Road) in Chaozhou. Zhou Enlai, director of the early political department of the branch school, hired Li Chuntao and Li Chunfan (Ke Bainian) to give lectures at the school.
1925 65438+February, the Kuomintang Propaganda Department founded the Political Weekly, with Mao Zedong as the editor. Li Chuntao is the editor of Political Weekly. And published in the newspaper "Who killed the intellectual class? The Journey to the West and other important articles.
1926 During the Northern Expedition of the National Revolutionary Army, Sun sent Zhou Yinren and 30,000 troops to attack Chaoshan from Fujian in three ways, while the first army stationed in Chaoshan had only about 10,000 troops. Commander He was so angry that he invited Li Chuntao to garrison headquarters to discuss how to solve the problems of military expenditure, military supplies, transportation team and maintaining public security in the rear. In order to protect Chaoshan people from the disaster of war, Li Chuntao made every effort, and with the support of people from all walks of life, the above problems were successfully solved, which made He feel at ease. When Zhou Yinren's Middle Route Army hit Shangrao in Raoping, Raoping's peasant armed forces cooperated with Zhang zhen's army to fight back and drove the invading enemy out of Shangrao. Zhang zhen's army successfully marched into Fujian, and the transportation teams organized by trade unions and farmers' associations in various counties also marched with the troops.
1926 65438+ 10-1927 In February, Li Chuntao was appointed by Zhou Enlai to return to Shantou, responsible for receiving the reactionary newspaper Ping Bao and organizing Lingdong Republic of China Daily as the president and editor-in-chief. At first, there were few staff and lack of funds. Only Li Chuntao and Li Ci are editors, while Su Tiejian, Li Suishan, Lin Jiyun and Li are journalists, marketers, advertisers and publishers. They overcame all kinds of difficulties and made Lingdong Gonghe Newspaper officially published on1October 20th, 1926. Li Chuntao has published many articles in the newspaper.
1926, 1 At the beginning of the year, the landlord gentry group headed by the Fang Yao family in Puning County beat and arrested members of the peasant associations and propagandists on the pretext. 1,1June 5, and even assembled the landlord militia to attack the first district peasant association. The Puning branch of the Communist Party of China launched a so-called siege of the county town by 100,000 peasants, and the struggle of the peasant class against the landlord and gentry group broke out. Zhou Enlai sent personnel to deal with it; Lingdong Gonghe Daily published comments to support the peasant struggle; Farmers' associations all over the country unite; Peng Pai gave specific guidance and made the struggle win.
1926 65438+ 10/2 1 day, the Chaoshan Special Committee of the Communist Party of China and Shantou State Committee of the Communist Youth League held a grand rally in front of the trial hall in the name of the Kuomintang Party Department to commemorate the second anniversary of Lenin's death. More than ten thousand people from all walks of life attended the meeting, and representatives of Li Chuntao, Lengxin, Lin and the Soviet Union spoke successively. In order to cooperate with the Northern Expedition and the Workers' and Peasants' Movement, on July 10, the "Dongjiang Workers' and Peasants' Movement Promoter Training Center" was officially opened in Shantou No.1 Middle School, and Peng Pai, Li Chuntao, Yang Shihun and Mr. Lai all attended their classes. On July 1 1, Shantou Strike Committee held a publicity training course for pickets of striking workers in the Institute of Labor to strengthen the anti-imperialist struggle. Yang Shixun, Li Chuntao, Lin, Ding Yuan and others give lectures on policy and political situation.
Because scab Hou Yingcheng usurped the leadership of Chaozhou trade union, Li Zibiao and other workers with a sense of justice quit the trade union and established the General Trade Union in the summer of 26 years. On June 365438+1October 3 1 day, Hou Yingcheng ordered the murderer to kill Li Zibiao, and the "Chaozhou bloody case" occurred. The crowd was angry. Li Chuntao published short articles and comments in Lingdong Republic Daily and People's Weekly, but it touched the prestige of reactionaries because of "people's resentment". He had to ask Li Chuntao to come to the consultation. Wang Shengzu detained Li Chuntao. Under the strong pressure of the masses, he had to release him. After arguing, Li Chuntao finally dismissed Wang Shengzu, wanted Hou Yingcheng, and compensated for the casualties.
65438+February 1 1, the leader of the labor movement, Yang Shixun, was kidnapped by reactionaries in Jieyang. In order to rescue Yang, more than 20,000 farmers and workers moved into the county seat. Li Chuntao personally wrote an editorial in Lingdong Republic Daily to support the just struggle, and took a small electric boat with Peng Pai and reporter Liang Gongfu to Jieyang County, and finally successfully rescued Yang Shixun.
On February 25th, 1926, 1926, the Kuomintang Guangdong Provincial Party Department held the second party member Congress of Guangdong Province, and Li Chuntao was elected as the representative of Shantou Municipal Party Department, ranking first among the five members of the presidium. Li Chuntao and others are members of the Declaration Drafting Committee. 12.30 reported the general situation of the party affairs of the Chaomei Special Committee at the meeting on the morning. As a result of the meeting, Li Chuntao was elected as the executive member of the Guangdong Provincial Party Department of the Kuomintang.
At the beginning of 1927, the left-right struggle in the revolutionary camp was very fierce. "Li Chuntao, the chief writer of Lingdong Republic Daily who is not afraid of death" has become the target of fierce attack by the right. The first thing they want to seize is the right to run a newspaper. The Kuomintang removed Li Chuntao from the post of president of Lingdong Republic Daily and sent three Rightists to take over the newspaper. On February 25th, Li Chuntao resigned. 1927 March * * Re-founded Lingdong Daily. Li Chuntao served as president and continued to publish articles.
1927 In April, Chiang Kai-shek launched a counter-revolutionary coup in Shanghai. On June 5438+04, Mei Shoubei Command received a secret telegram from Chiang Kai-shek: "Immediately arrest the troublemakers in the blind area of your company, with the aim of stopping the chaos." When Chao Mei's garrison commander did not return to Shanghai, he was executed by Luo's chief of staff and "cleared the Communist Party". On the same day, Luo held a meeting in the name of studying and handling the murder case in an attempt to frame the Shantou prefectural party Committee of the Communist Party of China and the left wing of the Kuomintang. Due to the serious underestimation of the situation, Li Chuntao, Liao Bohong (* * *) and Liang Deming (Minister of Investment Promotion) were still sent to the meeting. They knew the danger, but risked their lives, resolutely went to the meeting and were arrested immediately. At 10 that night, the city imposed martial law, closed down more than 80 units and organizations, and arrested more than 100 people, including * * * members, Communist Youth League members, Kuomintang leftists and revolutionary masses. Most of them were killed in secret.
1On April 27th, 927, Li Chuntao and Liao Bohong were forcibly put into sacks by Kuomintang reactionaries, stabbed to death with bayonets and thrown into the sea of Shantou Stone Fort. Li Chuntao is 30 years old. Yang Shixun, the leader of the labor movement, wrote the article "Flowing in Spring" and published it in Hong Kong.