The essence of the right to education is that citizens enjoy equal educational opportunities. The realization of citizens' right to education in ethnic minority areas is a process that requires the joint efforts of the state, families, schools and society. Taking the subject as the standard, multiple legal relations have been formed around the citizens' right to education in minority areas. First of all, there is a legal relationship between the educated and the state. As a compulsory course, the state promises to provide citizens in minority areas with educational opportunities through governments at all levels. In this legal relationship of the right to education, the right to education belongs to the nature of public law, followed by the legal relationship between the educated and the school, which contains a dual relationship. First of all, there is a legal relationship between citizens and schools in educational service contracts. In the compulsory education stage, schools have the compulsory obligation to conclude educational service contracts with students, and schools have no right to choose each other or decide whether to sign contracts. In the stage of non-compulsory education, citizens get the opportunity to receive education after meeting the requirements of school enrollment and paying education fees. After collecting the education fee, the school undertakes the positive obligation of providing non-compulsory education. The contractual relationship of educational services can be regulated by contract law, which belongs to the nature of private law. Secondly, the school enjoys certain educational management functions and has the right to punish students according to legal authorization, which is a special administrative relationship. Third, the legal relationship between minors and guardians' right to education. Guardians have slightly different obligations to minors in compulsory education and non-compulsory education. In the compulsory education stage, guardians have an absolute positive obligation to properly arrange for school-age minors to receive education. When entering the stage of non-compulsory education, guardians have the obligation to provide necessary education expenses to minors on their own initiative. The difference between this obligation and the compulsory education stage is that raising is a relatively positive obligation premise. Although the obligations of guardians in the two stages are slightly different, the right to education enjoyed by obligees belongs to private law. Fourth, the relationship between citizens and other subjects. As the subject of rights, citizens enjoy the right to education, and other subjects bear the negative obligation of not hindering citizens' right to education, which is a right in private law. Other subjects have no right to deprive citizens of their right to education. The above analysis shows that in different legal relations of the right to education, the right to education enjoyed by citizens in ethnic minority areas shows different legal nature. Generally speaking, the nature of rights determines the way of relief. The right to education has both the nature of public law and private law. The nature of the right to education is different, the ways of infringement are different, and the ways of relief should be different. Of course, the state has a special responsibility to ensure the realization of citizens' right to education in ethnic minority areas, and the current legislation has also paid full attention to this and made many provisions on the protection of citizens' right to education in public law in ethnic minority areas. However, in sharp contrast, the legislation of protecting citizens' right to education by private law in minority areas is still in a blank state, and it is not uncommon for citizens' right to education by private law in minority areas to be violated in reality. There are two main situations: first, minors are infringed by guardians, which is a prominent problem in the protection of citizens' right to education in ethnic minority areas. Due to the relatively backward social and economic development in ethnic minority areas in China, especially in some poor areas, the family economic situation is difficult and there are many children. Some families with many children cannot afford education, which makes it difficult for these citizens to realize their right to education. Second, other civil subjects directly infringe on citizens' right to education in ethnic minority areas through various means. In the above two cases, the former shows that it fails to perform positive obligations, while the latter shows that it violates negative obligations, but both of them are violations of the right to education in private law. Of course, you have to get civil relief. Therefore, it is necessary to improve civil relief and organically combine it with constitutional relief and administrative relief in order to truly build a complete legal guarantee system for citizens' right to education in ethnic minority areas.