The most basic knowledge and skills are: mathematics and physics, which are the most important and necessary to explore the universe. Mathematics needs to calculate the relative distance between stars and planets, the speed and time of their rotation, and physics needs to know the changing temperature of the star core, the temperature of the nebula and the role of gravity. It involves a wide range of knowledge, and physics and mathematics complement each other and are indispensable. If it weren't for astronomers, physical mathematics wouldn't be so important because it couldn't be obtained. Changes and production of stars and planets, etc. From the changes between elements in the core of a star, you can know how stars fuse, how nuclear energy remains stable, how black holes form and how gravity rules the universe. At the same time, you must also understand the most basic structure of atoms, which requires sorting the positions of elements in the periodic table.