The so-called thesis outline refers to the necessary preparations made by the author before writing, which is the concrete embodiment of the thesis's conception and discussion. Conceiving an article refers to organizing the design of the text structure of the graduation thesis, so that the author can arrange materials according to the outline of the thesis and demonstrate the thesis. Next, I will take the graduation thesis outline of English education major as an example to introduce the writing of the thesis outline for everyone.

English education major graduation thesis outline template 1

Abstract 2-3

Abstract 3

Introduction 6- 13

I. Background of the research 6-7

Two. Literature review 7- 1 1

(A) the status quo of foreign research 7-9

(II) Domestic research status 9- 1 1

Iii. Research methods 1 1- 12

Four. Innovation 12- 13

Chapter 1: Theoretical Thinking on the Whole Teaching of English Texts in Senior High School 13-22

I. Definition of related concepts

Second, the necessity of implementing the whole teaching of English discourse in senior primary schools 13- 14

(A) the characteristics of the psychological development of senior primary school students 13

(B) the characteristics of high school English texts 13- 14

Third, the theoretical basis of the whole teaching of English discourse in senior high school 14- 18

(A) the principle of good faith in psychology 14- 15

(B) cognitive theory in psychology

Three reading teaching modes 16- 18

Four, the main types of the whole teaching of English discourse in senior primary schools 18-22

(A) the teaching elements of dialogue discourse integrity 18- 19

(B) Story-based discourse integrity teaching elements 19-22

The second chapter investigates the current situation of the implementation of the overall teaching mode of English texts in senior primary schools.

I. Research and design 22-23

(A) the object of study 22

Research method 22

(iii) Research content 22-23

Two. An Investigation on the Whole Teaching of English Texts in Primary Schools Aged 23-38

(A) the implementation of holistic discourse teaching attitude survey 23-25

(2) Investigation on the Implementation Process of Discourse Integrity Teaching 25-27

(3) Investigation on the Implementation Effect of Discourse Integrity Teaching 27-34

(D) Study on the Puzzlement of Teaching Discourse Integrity 34-38

Chapter 3: Problems and causes of the overall teaching of English texts in senior high schools: 38-46 pages.

First, the problems in the implementation of the whole discourse teaching 38-4 1

(1) Pay too much attention? The whole? Give up completely? Local? Knowledge learning 38-39

(2) in order to reflect? Student subjects? , give up boldly? Teacher-led? 39-40

(3) misunderstanding? Read the text? The meaning of, is it done? Read the text repeatedly? 40

(4) for? Big picture? , insist? Single situation? 40

(5) for? According to the text? , refused? Appropriate and effective expansion? 40-4 1

Second, an analysis of the causes of the problems in the overall teaching of English discourse in senior primary schools 4 1-46

Chapter Four: Ways to Optimize the Whole Teaching of English Texts in Senior High School 46-54

First, the classroom implementation principles of the whole English discourse teaching for senior primary school students 46-5 1

(A) the overall understanding, supplemented by detailed understanding 46-48

(b) Language sense training, supplemented by grammar comprehension 48-50

(3) Thinking training, supplemented by mastering knowledge and skills 50-5 1

Second, the overall teaching strategy of English discourse in senior high school 5 1-54

(A) to establish a clear teaching objectives 5 1

(2) Reasonable allocation of preview tasks 5 1-52

(C) Focus on effective scenario creation 52

(D) Grasp the clear main line setting 52

(5) Pay attention to enriching and extending reading 52-54 pages.

Conclusion 54-55

References 55-59

Acknowledgement 59-60

English education major graduation thesis outline template II

Idiom Translation in the Context of Chinese and English Culture

Class XXX number XXX name XXX

Nida, a famous translator, said: "For a truly successful translation, it is much more important to be familiar with two cultures than to master two languages, because words are given meaning in their specific cultures." That is to say, translation is closely related not only to language, but also to culture. In the field of translation in China, the study of cultural differences in idiom translation is still relatively weak. The specialized research on Chinese-English idiom translation is not complete. In the past twenty years, idiom translation has mostly emphasized the level of interlingual communication, but rarely involved cultural differences. (Identification) This paper first analyzes the cultural differences between Chinese and English idioms, and then studies the English-Chinese/Chinese-English idiom translation methods (research topics) from the perspective of culture (methods), and points out some warnings for idiom translation: pay attention to the context, and choose the translation that conforms to the style and meaning of the original text (results); Culture is a whole way of life. When a new culture appears, new idioms will also appear, so idiom translation should keep pace with the times. (conclusion)

Keywords: idioms; Culture; translate

Idiom Translation under the Cultural Background of English and Chinese

Nida, a famous translator, pointed out that for a truly successful translation, it is even more important to be familiar with two cultures than to master two languages.

Because words only have meaning in the cultural background where they play a role. ? In other words, translation is not only related to language but also to culture. In the field of translation in China, the study of cultural differences in idiom translation is still weak, and the study of Chinese-English idiom translation is not perfect. In the past 20 years, idiom translation has mostly emphasized interlingual communication, but rarely involved cultural differences. By analyzing the cultural differences between Chinese and English idioms, this paper studies the translation methods of Chinese and English idioms from a cultural perspective, and points out the problems that should be paid attention to in the translation of Chinese and English idioms: connecting with the context, choosing the translation that conforms to the style and meaning of the original text; Culture is a way of life. Culture is changing and new idioms appear. Idiom translation should keep pace with the times.

Keywords: idioms; Culture; translate

1. Introduction

Idioms are ubiquitous in every language. An idiom is a word or an expression.

You can't translate word for word from the source language into the target language because you can't understand its usual meaning by defining its components word for word. (Background) In a broad sense, idioms include fixed phrases, proverbs, common sayings, slang, aphorisms and allusions. (Li Yin, 2007:9) In Chinese, they also include mysterious folk similes. Newmark, a British translation theorist, said in his book Translation Textbook: "I define the unique lifestyle and its manifestations in a society that uses special languages as a means of expression as culture." English idioms come from English culture and daily life. In the real context, idioms can explain themselves: nine times out of ten, they all have their own explanations. If we don't realize this, we will find ourselves in a state of chaos, because we will give them literal meaning. Chinese idioms, especially four-character idioms, have their unique origins and are closely related to the history and culture of China. In view of the difficulty in understanding idioms, we should pay attention to and try to understand their culture and customs. The purpose of this paper is to explore the cultural differences between China and Britain, and to expound the translation theory applicable to idioms. (Subject+Method)

2. Comparison of English and Chinese idioms

2. 1 Cultural differences between English and Chinese idioms 2. 1. 1 Geographical conditions

The formation of culture is closely related to physical and geographical conditions. A specific geographical environment produces a specific culture, and culture also leads to a specific expression.

Great Britain includes islands, including one sixth of the islands in the north.

Ireland lies between the North Atlantic and the North Sea, in the northwest of France. The climate here is humid and there is plenty of rainfall. There are countless rivers and lakes. No wonder fishing is so prosperous and important in Britain. Therefore, idioms related to fish and navigation account for a large part of English idioms. (Li Yuping, 2008:20) (theory/results of previous studies)

For example, "Like fish out of water". If you feel like a fish out of water, you will feel embarrassed and unforgivable because you are in an unexpected and unfamiliar situation. Fish are looking for fish in the air. A strange fish freak missed the boat.

Adjust the sail with the wind

If a small hole is not filled, a small leak will sink a big ship.

On the other hand, China, located in the Asian continent, is an agricultural country with a large number of farmers. It is not surprising to find many idioms related to farming, such as "skinny, playing the lute to a cow, when people gather firewood, the fire is high, and the bamboo basket draws water with a sieve ...". China people also have a mysterious and awe-inspiring feeling for the sea, so there is an idiom like "The ends of the earth, the seas are dry and the rocks are rotten, the sky is vast, and finding a needle in a haystack is a mirage". (analysis)

2. 1.2 History

2.2 Similarities between English and Chinese idioms

2.2. 1 color

2.2.2 Numbers

3. Methods of idiom translation

Translation is more than just a science. It is also a skill. In the final analysis, completely satisfactory translation is always an art.. (Nida, 1982:49) Translation is considered as a cultural bridge and medium between two languages. Due to the great differences in vocabulary and syntax between English and Chinese, translation is not easy. Therefore, in the process of translation, in order to maintain the flavor of the original text and give consideration to both Chinese and English, translation techniques should be used reasonably, such as the following translation methods:

3. 1 literal translation

3.2 Free translation

3.3 Annotated Translation

3.4 Replace with similar idioms

3.5 Translation of corresponding idioms with the same meaning

3.6 Combination of literal translation and free translation

4. Some warnings about idiom translation

5. Conclusion

One of our main characteristics as human beings is our ability to use language. Language plays a very important role in people? Daily life; It enables people to communicate with each other and understand the feelings of others. Language and culture are closely related. It is impossible to separate language from culture. As the essence of language, idioms are also closely related to culture. Their contents range from society, history and psychology to customs and other various social phenomena. Therefore, in the process of translation, the translator should pay more attention to cultural factors, so that he can dig out the implied meaning. (Research conclusion) Only when cultural factors are taken into account can translators produce satisfactory works. In addition, people should know the relevant cultural background when using idioms to avoid embarrassment in communication. (suggested)

refer to

[*] author. Title (English italics). (Place of publication:) Press, year: refer to page number [*] Author. Title of the article (English italics). Name of the publication. (Place of publication:) Press, year.

[1] Li Mei. Mother tongue and translation. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2008.

[2] Li Qingming. A comparison between Chinese and English languages and cultures. Xi 'an: Northwestern Polytechnical University Press, 2007

[3] Nida Eugene. Theory and practice of translation. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1982

[4] Nida Eugene. Language, culture and translation. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 1993

5 Susan Basnet, Andre Lefevere. Translation, history, culture. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 1987

[6] Shiping Luo. A study of English idioms. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2006.

[7] Li Yuping. English idioms and their cultural origins. Tianjin: Nankai University Press, 2008.

[8] Li Yin. English and Chinese idioms and folk culture. Beijing: Peking University Press, 2007.

[9] Zhang Yajun. A kaleidoscope of China culture. Beijing: China Language and Culture University, 2008\

Li yun A new college translation course. Beijing: World Knowledge Publishing House, 2007 [1 1] Ma Aiying. Chinese-English cultural translation. Beijing: Science Press, 2006.

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