Yangzhou Intelligent Technology Technician College is a vocational skill college built by A-share power semiconductor company Yang Jie Technology, and it is also a microcosm of the state encouraging listed companies and leading enterprises in the industry to hold vocational education. Especially with the formal implementation of the newly revised Vocational Education Law (hereinafter referred to as the new vocational education law) in May this year, it is clear for the first time that vocational education has the same important position as general education, and the participants in vocational education have gradually expanded from traditional private higher education to listed companies in all walks of life.
The reporter learned that in the field of vocational education, listed companies are exploring a new path of integration of production and education, creating a through train from educating people to employing people, trying to break the hidden threshold and solve the embarrassing situation of difficult employment for students and difficult recruitment for enterprises.
Educate talents in unconventional ways.
It is 2 kilometers away from Slender West Lake Scenic Area in the north and only 3 kilometers away from Yangjie Science and Technology Headquarters. It is the location of the new campus of Yangzhou Intelligent Technology Technician School (hereinafter referred to as Yangzhou Intelligent).
When the reporter visited Yangzhou Intelligent, the transformation and upgrading of the school was in full swing, and the training building became the focus of the transformation: the building will cover JD.COM e-commerce room, artificial intelligence training room, photovoltaic application training room, semiconductor application training room and new energy vehicle training room.
We only have two months now, so we must make sure to finish all the construction work before the fall school starts. President Yan Jianfeng stressed.
Yangjie Technology is a domestic IDM manufacturer of semiconductor discrete devices, and its Yangzhou Intelligent has a history of 36 years.
According to the reporter's understanding, Yang Jie Technology began to cooperate in running schools from 20 17. In 2020, it acquired the original Yangzhou Pacific Heavy Industry Technical School and officially changed its name to Yangzhou Intelligent in May this year.
Yan Jianfeng told the Securities Times middot; E company reporter said that Yangzhou Intelligent is the only technical school in the province with the words intelligent technology, which reflects the school's school-running attributes and direction. Build a major that meets the needs of the country's advanced manufacturing industry and digital economy industry. According to the enrollment plan of directional training major, the training direction of the school includes webcasting, rural e-commerce, semiconductor, photovoltaic, industrial robot technology, new energy vehicle maintenance, etc. The cooperative enterprises include JD.COM Group, Jingao Technology, ZTE, Yangjie Technology and other listed companies.
On June 17, Yangzhou Intelligent and JD.COM announced the establishment of Digital Industry Institute. Yang Cheng, general manager of JD.COM National School-enterprise Cooperation, said at that time: The integration of production and education is the key to solve the problem of talent training and industrial demand docking.
In addition to science and technology, Jin also develops vocational education based on the electronic information industry and regards it as one of the company's important strategic sectors. Wu, the company's secretary-general, told reporters that based on the advantages of the company's innovative design of electronic product hardware and manufacturing of public service platforms, Jin Jian has established a rare institute of technology, formed a team of experts and teachers, carried out school-enterprise cooperation, compiled teaching materials and constructed a curriculum system, and provided services for talent standard formulation, talent training, talent evaluation and certification in the electronic circuit industry.
In June this year, Jin signed a contract with the talent exchange center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to establish a talent base for the electronic circuit industry jointly established by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, which is an important beginning for the construction of the national electronic circuit training base in Jin.
With the continuous efforts of the policy, the status of vocational education in the education system has gradually improved. In the newly revised Vocational Education Law, which was implemented in May this year, legislation was made for the first time to clarify that vocational education has the same important position as general education, and to promote the transformation of vocational education from hierarchical education to type education. Moreover, the new vocational education law emphasizes the implementation of the dominant position of enterprises in vocational education, and proposes to promote enterprises to deeply participate in vocational education and encourage enterprises to hold high-quality vocational education.
The enthusiasm of teaching in listed companies is mobilized, and the vocational education track is selected according to the characteristics of the industry and the company.
Recently, I miss you saying on the interactive platform that the company will continue to run through the training channels from secondary school to junior college and then to undergraduate, and complete the systematic vocational education system from secondary school to junior college and then to undergraduate; Soft Holdings established Qingdao Rubber Tire Engineering College to train a large number of professional engineering and technical personnel for enterprises in the process of expanding scale, improving quality and technological innovation; In addition, Zhengzhou Jiean Vocational Skills Training School Co., Ltd. under Jiean Hi-Tech is still in the preparatory stage. The company said that the main purpose of the investment is to improve the company's business layout, cooperate with the company's strategic planning, fill in the company's business shortcomings, and make the company better participate in the national vocational education reform.
In response to investors, iSoftStone also said that in the field of education, the company's business planning focuses on carrying out internship training and vocational education and training, and opening up the last mile of school personnel training and enterprise demand, including internship training for colleges and universities, professional co-construction, laboratory co-construction and other school-enterprise cooperation services; Carry out talent supply services for enterprises, connect local enterprises and universities, and deliver talent resources in a targeted manner; Relying on various resources to carry out local skills training.
Listed companies lead schools:
From self-use to other use
Different from private colleges with traditional academic background, the initial intention of listed companies to set up schools and lay out vocational education is to meet their own needs.
At that time, it was for charity, recruiting poor students, and providing free training to help them solve their jobs. Liang Yao, Party Secretary and Vice Chairman of Yang Jie Science and Technology, talked to reporters about the initial intention of running a school and admitted that the company began to try to run a school five years ago. Before that, it mainly trained production line technicians for itself.
The reporter from middotE Company of Securities Times learned that Yangjie Technology also founded Jiangxi Yangjie Electronic Technology College in Shangrao on 20 17. Schools in Yangzhou and Shangrao have implemented the school-running mode of "three exemptions and one package", that is, tuition and fees, accommodation fees, meals and employment in listed companies. At that time, there were not many students enrolled, mainly from remote areas such as Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan. About half of the students joined Yang Jie's scientific and technological work after graduation, while other students chose to return to their hometowns for employment according to their own wishes.
In the process of running a school, Yang Jie Technology found that the gap of professional and technical personnel in the whole society was very large, so it decided to take vocational education as an important strategic development direction of the company.
The new vocational education law has strengthened our confidence in running vocational education. This year is the first year of large-scale enrollment, and the latest enrollment has exceeded 500. Liang Yao said.
China is a big manufacturing country in the world, and also has the largest vocational education system in the world, with an average annual number of graduates100000, but the proportion of vocational skills talents is low. According to statistics, the proportion of domestic skilled personnel in the total labor force is less than 30%, which is far behind the proportion of 70% to 80% in Germany, Japan and other manufacturing powers, and there is a huge gap in skilled personnel. Even in this winter of employment, vocational education talents are still in short supply.
According to statistics, in the recruitment of 2022 graduates in shenzhen polytechnic, the proportion of enterprise recruitment is about 7; The average ratio between the number of positions recommended by Beijing Vocational College of Electronic Technology and the number of graduates is about 15: 1. According to the report released by BOSS Direct Employment Research Institute this year, the recruitment scale of high-end manufacturing fields such as new energy, aerospace, integrated circuits and industrial automation has grown rapidly, with a year-on-year increase of more than 40%, which is in short supply.
In the interview, the reporter also found that new energy, semiconductor and other industries are more eager for professional and technical talents.
In the fiery new energy power battery track, the world's leading mainstream supplier of laser welding equipment also suffered from labor shortage. Company executives spoke to reporters that the company was forced to roll up its sleeves and carry out automation transformation because the suppliers of upstream smoke pipe parts could not recruit welders. Now Shenzhen is looking for a mature welder with a salary of 1.5 million. Executives of listed companies told reporters.
Cronus, which is engaged in ultra-precision linear motor motion platform, is rapidly expanding its production. The company's products serve many industries such as lithium battery, photovoltaic and semiconductor equipment, and the company is also recruiting talents with high salaries. The person in charge of the company also revealed to reporters that there is no difficulty in recruiting workers at present, and the salary of technicians recruited by the company increases with the rank. Usually, the salary above 1 year will soon exceed 10,000.
Not only grassroots professional and technical workers, but also the shortage of engineers has attracted much attention. A head chip ip authorized an enterprise executive to talk about personnel turnover, and gave the turnover data: the industry average level 12%, and the company maintained the turnover rate of 6.8%, far below the industry level. Our company strives to train employees, and headhunters directly offer double the price to poach them.
Liu Ruopeng, chairman of Guangqi Technology, pointed out in an interview that the shortage of engineers is the result of the rapid industrial development in China, which is a fault of innovative talents and must be solved as soon as possible. Liu Ruopeng suggested speeding up the training of engineering masters and doctors, forming a certain scale, giving full play to the scientific and technological resources and initiative of high-tech enterprises and research institutes, and cultivating high-end engineering professionals urgently needed by China's economic development and scientific and technological development.
In the training of high-end professionals, we can also give full play to the advantages and capabilities of enterprises in technology and capital. On June 5438+ 10 last year, the Opinions on Promoting the High-quality Development of Modern Vocational Education (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions) issued by the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council clearly pointed out that it is necessary to focus on major national strategies, closely follow the trend of industrial upgrading and technological change, and give priority to developing a number of emerging majors needed by advanced manufacturing industries, such as new energy, new materials, modern agriculture, modern information technology, biotechnology and artificial intelligence.
Improve the teaching system
Get through the last mile of the integration of production and education
Facing the multiple demands of enterprises, industries and markets, listed companies choose to lead the vocational education market.
2 1 Xiong Bingqi, president of the Century Education Research Institute, told the reporter of the Securities Times middotE Company that the new Vocational Education Law encourages social forces, including listed enterprises and industrial enterprises, to hold vocational education, promote the integration of production and education, school-enterprise cooperation and even order training with enterprises as the main body, improve the quality of vocational education, and at the same time deliver high-quality skilled talents for enterprises, which is the starting point determined by listed enterprises and industrial enterprises.
In Xiong Bingqi's view, the deep integration of production and education, order-based training and school-enterprise cooperation are bound to come from the urgent demand of enterprises for talents. Moreover, the most important mission of vocational education is to cultivate high-skilled talents suitable for industrial development.
Throughout the education industry, vocational education-related enterprises have grown significantly in recent years. According to the data of Sky Eye Survey, the number of registered vocational education enterprises exceeded 1000 for the first time in 20 16 years; 20 19 registered more than 2000 people; In 2020, more than 2,700 were added, reaching a historical peak; 202 1, the number of registered companies decreased, but more than 2,300 companies were still added. Since the beginning of this year, there have been nearly 400 new vocational education-related enterprises in China.
Influenced by the education industry policies such as 202 1 double drop and suspension, the education and training industry has been hit hard, and the investment and financing of vocational education have sprung up. According to "China Vocational Education Industry Report in 2022" issued by the Multi-whale Education Research Institute, in 2020, the primary market financing of vocational education was 6 1 transaction, exceeding the total amount, and the total amount of financing exceeded 7.8 billion yuan; According to the statistics of blackboard insight, 53 enterprises in the education industry received financing from June to April in 2022. Nearly half of them are vocational education companies.
However, the vocational education industry still faces many intangible thresholds.
According to the Report on the Large-scale Questionnaire on the Development of Vocational Education in China published by The Educator magazine 202 1, the students and parents interviewed ranked social recognition in the forefront when choosing the greatest difficulty in the development of vocational education. In addition, a national evaluation report on the satisfaction of secondary vocational education released by China Academy of Educational Sciences in 2020 shows that secondary vocational graduates face more employment barriers, different pay for equal work, limited career development space, high turnover rate and low employment stability.
Systematically speaking, the newly revised Vocational Education Law makes it clear that higher vocational school education is implemented by higher vocational schools and ordinary colleges and universities with junior college, undergraduate and above education levels. This means that vocational education will form a through train from secondary vocational schools, junior colleges, undergraduate courses to graduate students. Among them, vocational education at the undergraduate level has attracted much attention. At present, there are 32 vocational schools at the undergraduate level in China, with a total of 129300 students. According to the goal put forward in the Opinions, by 2025, the enrollment scale of vocational undergraduate education will be no less than 10% of the enrollment scale of higher vocational education, and the attraction and training quality of vocational education are expected to be significantly improved.
Secretary-General Wu Jin said that the newly revised Vocational Education Law has just been promulgated, and the implementation of the new policy needs time buffer. There are some problems such as low social recognition of vocational education, low overall investment in the market, the status and treatment of technical and skilled talents to be improved, and the current employment situation. The intangible threshold rsquo also needs to be gradually broken.
For the electronic circuit industry, Wu said that the industry transformation has put forward higher requirements for the construction of industry talent standards, vocational skills training and talent evaluation. Perfecting the vocational education system and enriching the vocational education model is very important for the cultivation of talents in the industry. At present, the company has carried out in-depth cooperation with higher vocational colleges, and built a professional and teaching system, aiming at greatly improving the quantity and quality.