"My big doll is really smart." Mao Zedong held Li Ne in her arms and nodded vigorously. Li Ne said, "Dad, were you smarter than me when you were a child?" Mao Zedong laughed: "Dad didn't dare to compare with you when he was a child. You can welcome the new China. When I was a child, I didn't know what the country was. I only knew how to play and be naughty. "
It happened that teacher Mao Yuju came to Beijing. As a childhood teacher of Mao Zedong, his memory of Mao Zedong is fresh. Mao Yuju made fun of Li Ne and said, "Your father was very clever when he was a child." As the saying goes, at the age of three, you look down on small, and at the age of seven, you look down on big. Although Mao Zedong is very modest, the talent he showed as a child is real.
Tangjiatuo, separated from Shaoshanchong by a mountain, is the residence of Grandma Mao Zedong and the place where Mao Zedong spent her childhood. From the age of 2 to 8, Mao Zedong lived in her grandmother's house most of the time.
But grandma was busy with housework, so she asked her cousins Wen Yunchang and Wen Songnan to take him to private schools around. Although Mao Zedong was still young at this time, in Wen Yunchang's memory, Mao Zedong could sit down and learn to listen to lectures and read books, which was a model and was extremely remarkable in the eyes of children of the same age.
Before entering private schools, Mao Zedong informally accepted "preschool education". What he heard is consistent with what he learned later in the private school. Therefore, Mao Zedong showed amazing memory when he was young. When his father Mao Shunsheng picked him up from his grandmother's house, he was really taken aback.
1902, Mao Shunsheng took eight-year-old Mao Zedong back from her grandmother's house and sent him to Nan 'an private school not far from home to study. This is an ancient ancestral temple, originally called "Zou's Ancestral Temple" in Shaoshan. Later, the school was built, which is the most magnificent school in Shaoshan.
The day before school, Mao Shunsheng took out all the money at home and asked Mao Zedong to do abacus. Mao Zedong said, "The total is 2,897 pence." Mao Shunsheng said with a smile, "San Yazi, this money can be combined into two pieces of silver. There are not many families in Shaoshan who can give one or two silver to send their children to school. Do you understand? "
It is called Mao Zedong Sanyazi, because there are two brothers in front of Mao Zedong, but they died before they grew up. Mao Zedong is the third, so it is called Sanyazi. Then why add the word "stone"? According to Mao Zedong himself, grandma added the word "stone" because she saw a local stone Guanyin and wanted to be strong.
In Nan 'an private school, his first teacher was Zou Chunpei. On the first day of school, the teacher took Mao Zedong to hold a ceremony of "writing a pen for children". The shrine says "Heaven and earth are teachers". Mao Zedong didn't understand and asked, "I know I worship my parents, but what is this' gentleman'?"
Hearing this, Zou Chunpei trembled with fear and quickly said, "Yazi, this is not a thing. The size of the world. Whether it is king land or leading land, the king is the emperor, and I am the biggest emperor in China. I have to bow to the emperors at home and abroad. Do you understand? "
"Don't understand" Mao Zedong shook his head and said, don't understand is don't understand. Zou Chunpei looked at it and thought that the child was probably useless and didn't understand anything. But in fact, all the children in Mao Zedong's class don't understand, but no one dares to ask.
Mao Zedong is no stranger to holy places. There is such a shrine in his eighth uncle's private school. When Wen Yunchang took him to play, he also paid homage to the shrine. At that time, Mao Zedong did not know much about it. But what happened next really made Zou Chunpei laugh and cry.
In Nan 'an private school, Mao Zedong had to learn the Holy Amethyst, Hundred Family Names, and then the Analects of Confucius and other classics, but Mao Zedong had read these books before, which were simple in Mao Zedong's eyes. Once Zou Chunpei went out and came back to find that half the students in the class were gone, and he panicked for a moment.
It turns out that Mao Zedong took his classmates to swim in the pond. Zou Chunpei is very angry. When Mao Zedong came back, he asked him, "Who did it!" Mao Zedong said: "It is not me who takes the lead in letting students swim, but Confucius." Zou Chunpei said seriously, "Confucius is a generation of Wen Sheng. How can he let you go swimming?"
Later, Mao Zedong opened the Analects of Confucius and turned to the four chapters of Zeng, Gong Xihua. He handed it to Zou Chunpei and said, "Look, sir, did Confucius say you could swim?"
Zou Chunpei was speechless with anger, but he never imagined that such a reasonable and interesting explanation actually came from a child's mouth, and even an adult could not make such an explanation. This fully shows Mao Zedong's reading ability.
Zou Chunpei couldn't control Mao Zedong and refused to give up, so he gave Mao Zedong a difficult problem and said, "Sanyazi, I heard that you are smart, so the teacher will make a pair. If you are right, I will assume that you are not naughty. Do you dare? " Mao Zedong readily accepted.
The teacher said, "Everything in the world is inferior." Mao Zedong replied: "I think only reading is high." Zou Chunpei added: "Step on your feet." Mao Zedong quickly said, "Cultivate one's morality." After several rounds, Mao Zedong didn't lose at all. After several times, Zou Chunpei reluctantly found Mao Shunsheng and said helplessly, "I can't control your children. My knowledge is higher than mine. Please be smart. "
Only then did Mao Shunsheng know that his classmates nicknamed him "Mr. Province". This means that it is too easy for Mao Zedong to study in class, because he is very talented and smart. Not only does he study well, but the teacher can't control him. In desperation, Mao Shunsheng took Mao Zedong to several private schools in a row, which made the teacher angry to death.
In fact, the imperial examination model of "learning to be excellent and being an official" that has been accepted since Sui and Tang Dynasties is unsustainable. Mao Zedong's nickname "Teacher Sheng" is enough to show that Mao Zedong has made its mark in the new educational environment.
Father Mao Shunsheng had high hopes for Mao Zedong. In Mao Shunsheng's eyes, although Mao Zedong is naughty, he can still be disciplined, so he plans to let Mao Zedong study for a few years and come back to inherit his family business.
1in the autumn of 906, Mao Zedong transferred to a private school in Li Jingwan not far from home. His teacher here is Mao Zedong's relative Mao Yuju. Just one day, Mao Yuju also went out to do business. When he left, he told everyone to recite well and not to run around.
Little imagine, when Mao Yuju came back, he found Mao Zedong "gone". It turned out that Mao Zedong, who was active by nature, couldn't sit still, so he took some classmates to the mountains to play and read aloud while picking fruit, which was beyond joy. When Mao Yuju found out, she flew into a rage and even threatened: "Mao Zedong is so hateful!" !
You know, at this time, the Qing Dynasty still existed, and Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty was still in power. Thousands of years of feudal ethical code system and the traditional concept of "respecting teachers and valuing Taoism" are deeply rooted. /kloc-Mao Zedong, who is in his early 0/0 s, is at least "disrespectful" in the eyes of many elders.
But Mao Zedong came back and said, "I carried it faster in the mountains." Mao Zedong also brought back many fruits for Mao Yuju to eat. Mao Yuju is a famous teacher in Shaoshan. How can he stand such a student? He deliberately made things difficult for Mao Zedong, saying, "Everyone says you are smart, so the teacher will give you a question today. If you can answer, I will let bygones be bygones. If you can't answer, you will be embarrassed. "
Mao Zedong readily agreed. Later, Mao Yuju took Mao Zedong and his classmates to the yard, then looked around and said, "I want you to praise this well." Mao Yuju said angrily, "If you can't answer well, I will slap you."
Mao Zedong turned a circle in the yard, looked at the well, thought for a moment and said:
The yard is square and surrounded by high walls.
See the pebbles clearly, among the small fish.
Drinking only the water from the well won't last long.
Although this poem seems immature to read, it shows Mao Zedong's super literary talent as a child. Isn't the "little fish" he said just a student trapped in a "classroom" who will never grow up and his mind will never really mature?
Mao Yuju was shocked when he heard this poem. Although I said I was not convinced, I secretly admired Mao Zedong's quick thinking and composure. Don't say that few children of the same age can make such poems, even adults may not be able to make such beautiful poems.
In September, Mao Yuju was invited to Beijing by Mao Zedong. Many years later, Mao Zedong saw his teacher again, and tears filled his eyes. The scene of that year still lingers in his mind. Mao Yuju said: "Run was very smart when he was a child. I am deeply touched. " Mao Zedong smiled and thanked me: "It's a good thing you didn't let me get hit by the board."
Mao Yuju recalled that although Mao Zedong was only a teenager at that time, he was already good at writing poems and practicing calligraphy. During his teaching, Mao Zedong had already been familiar with the classic works "The Water Margin" and "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and almost no children of the same age could read these books.
In Mao Yu's mind, it makes sense for Chairman Mao to become a leader of a country at the age of three or seven. Although this is a bit flattering, Mao Zedong's wisdom and talent as a child, as well as his talent of calmness and wit, were all true before his mind was completely open.
After graduating from a private school, Mao Zedong will help his father manage the family and then learn to do business according to his father Mao Shunsheng's arrangement. Later, he will become a businessman selling rice like Mao Shunsheng. According to his father's instructions, Mao Zedong became an apprentice to the rice shop.
In those days, Mao Zedong's mother was very ill, had a high fever and was bedridden. According to his father's instructions, Mao Zedong went to Hengshan Temple to ask his mother for incense ashes to cure the disease. When I got home, I happened to see Wen Yunchang visiting her mother.
Mao Shunsheng said that the pills your cousin brought back were very useful. How many pills did your mother take? She'll be fine soon. Mao Zedong had never seen western medicine before, so he asked his cousin. Wen Yunchang told Mao Zedong that the incense ashes you got from the temple are feudal superstitions, and you still believe in this at this age. Then in front of Mao Zedong, all the incense ashes were scattered.
Wen Yunchang graduated from Dongshan High School in Xiangxiang and Xiangxiang Normal School in his early years. He was the person with the highest academic record among relatives in Xiangxiang, Mao Zedong at that time. Mao Zedong lived in his grandmother's house when he was a child. Wen Yunchang knew that Mao Zedong was very talented and smart. If he is a peddler all his life, he will be buried.
So Wen Yunchang told Mao Zedong that the reason why you don't understand this now is because you didn't go out, not to mention the provincial capital, not even the county, and then gave Mao Zedong a book "Prosperous Times". Mao Zedong was naturally eager to learn. When he saw the new school described by his cousin, he was very moved and told his father about it.
Seeing that the painstakingly planned property has no heir, Mao Shunsheng said that he is unwilling to do anything. Finally, Wen Yunchang expressed his opinion to his uncle Mao Shunsheng: "Runzhi is a smart man and loves to learn. Don't you want him to get ahead? " He offered to help Mao Zedong go to school.
Knowing his father's wishful thinking, Mao Zedong left without saying goodbye in the middle of the night and went to Dongshan School to study. When he left, he wrote a poem to express his wishes. He wrote this poem down in his father's daily account book:
In fact, Lu You, a poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote two sentences in The Book of the West Gate of Wine: "Castle Peak is a place where bones can be buried, and white hair is ashamed to bend over." Ma Yuan, an important official who assisted Liu Xiu in farming in the Han Dynasty, also said something similar.
In the autumn of 44 AD, Ma Yuan led the army to return home in triumph. His friend Ji Meng congratulated him and suggested that he take a hard trip and rest at home. Ma Yuan said: "A person should die in the wilderness and let them wear boots and bury their ears when they die. How can he lie in the hands of his children?" It means that the Huns are still harassing the frontier, and men want to die and die on the battlefield. It's like burying a body in a horse's skin. How can they stay at home and live a quiet life with their wife and children?
Mao Zedong has read widely since he was a child. When he grows up, Mao Zedong must know Lu You's famous sentence and Ma Yuan's story, so this poem is one of Mao Zedong's representative works.
About 19 10 years ago, Mao Zedong officially studied in Dongshan School, where he learned something he had never known before. He first came into contact with English here and got to know Xiao Zisheng and others. After studying in Dongshan School for several years, Mao Zedong was admitted to Hunan No.1 Middle School with excellent results.
From then on, Mao Zedong sang all the way and was admitted to Hunan No.1 Normal University from middle school. It was here that he met his noble man, that is, the mentor Yang Changji who discovered his talent. Yang Changji had studied abroad in his early years, and he was quite familiar with Li Dazhao, Chen Duxiu and others, and he was also very open-minded.
Just when he couldn't change China, he met Mao Zedong. At this time, the country was ruined and the wind and rain were shaky. Even with a powerful pen in his hand, he still has no direction when facing the problems of his country. When Mao Zedong had his first class in Yang Changji, Yang Changji was surprised to find that Mao Zedong's thoughts were completely different from those of other students.
Yang Changji asked, "Why do students come here to study in normal schools?" The answer he got was nothing more than: "I want to be a teacher and earn more money." Reality is reality, there is no right or wrong, but Mao Zedong said, "I don't know why, I just want to try."
This seemingly ridiculous remark made Yang Changji shine at the moment. Yang Changji asked, "Runzhi, why do you say that?" Mao Zedong said, "I don't know what I will do to change this country. I used to be a soldier for half a year and thought I should study, so I applied to many schools. I have been a lawyer, a doctor and a soap teacher. "
Yang Changji asked, "What is a soap maker?" Mao Zedong said, "I saw from the job advertisements that foreigners think that people in China are unsanitary and it is good to learn how to make soap. I think it makes sense, so I took the test. "
Mao Zedong said, and the students burst into laughter, but Yang Changji saw a glimmer of light in his heart. He thought that the young man in front of him would never be simple in the future. Of course, Yang Changji can't change the status quo of the country by itself, but it can cultivate Mao Zedong.
Since then, Yang Changji has been impressed by Mao Zedong and invited Mao Zedong to talk with him at home for many times. When Yang Changji was studying in Mao Zedong, he once said this to Mao Zedong: Runzhi, you should know that what the country lacks now is not lawyers, doctors or teachers. What is that?
This touching question left a deep impression on Mao Zedong. After graduation, students flocked to study abroad, and Mao Zedong naturally wanted to study abroad, but he comprehensively considered Yang Changji's opinion. Yang Changji said that foreign knowledge is so much, and it can still be explored at home.
Finally, Mao Zedong made a decision. Some of his classmates went abroad to study, while others stayed to explore the problems of their own countries. He chose to stay. Under the recommendation of Yang Changji, Mao Zedong came to work in Peking University Library, where he met teachers Li Dazhao and Chen Duxiu, who were of great help to his life.
With the help and guidance of Li Dazhao and Chen Duxiu, Mao Zedong really changed from a college student to a Marxist, and finally embarked on a vigorous revolutionary road without hesitation. Finally, he changed China and led thousands of troops to overcome difficulties and win.
Yang Changji died in 1920. In a letter he wrote to his good friend Zhang before his death, he said, "I solemnly tell you that genius is at home and has great prospects." If you don't say anything about saving the country, you must pay attention to your second son. " The implication is that if you want to save the country, please pay attention to and protect these two people. One of the "two sons" is Mao Zedong.