In teaching practice, teachers' understanding and grasping of teaching concepts is the key to the implementation of new educational concepts. Because of the particularity of its research object and its special attributes such as scientificity, vitality and experimentation, biology teachers must combine the characteristics of biology disciplines to form teaching ideas that are in line with biological characteristics while absorbing general teaching ideas. The existing research on teaching ideas is mostly from the perspective of general teaching, or the front-line teachers' unsystematic thinking from practice to theory on some problems in teaching, or simply analyzing and discussing the new curriculum standard ideas. The independent, complete and systematic teaching concept system of biology has not yet been established. In view of this situation, this paper attempts to establish a concept system of biology teaching to some extent. This paper analyzes the concepts and characteristics of ideas and teaching ideas, discusses the values, students and activities of modern teaching, and points out the social and cultural background of modern teaching. On this basis, based on the general education theory and learning theory, with the new curriculum reform of biology as the guiding ideology, combined with the special properties of biology, the concept system of biology teaching is established. The concept system of biology teaching includes two levels: theory and practice. The teaching idea at the theoretical level is based on the development trend of international education, mainstream educational ideas and the characteristics of biology, including the concept of lifelong education advocated worldwide, aiming at helping people learn to survive and eventually form a learning society. Advocating the life education concept of understanding and cherishing life; Follow the essential attributes of biology to help students understand biology, love nature and return to nature; Contrary to traditional science education, the idea of humanistic education aims at cultivating students' humanistic spirit and improving their humanistic quality. The concept of practical teaching is based on the analysis of the effective practice of biology teaching and the promotion of students' all-round development, including improving biological science literacy, facing all students, advocating inquiry learning, paying attention to the connection with real life and critical thinking education. By systematically discussing the significance, theoretical basis, application principles, practical methods and approaches of each teaching concept, the theoretical system and practical system of biology teaching concept system are formed respectively. The conclusion is that in teaching practice, we should not only implement the concept of new biology curriculum standards, but also develop the concept of curriculum standards; We should not only absorb general teaching ideas, but also form specific ideas with biological characteristics. As far as biology teaching is concerned, it is necessary to uphold the teaching concept at the macro theoretical level and follow the specific teaching concept at the practical level; In addition to improving the quality of biological science as the training goal, it is also based on the educational purpose of students' all-round development. The establishment of the concept system of biology teaching is to start from the curriculum standards, develop the curriculum standards, form specific biological concepts from general concepts, and finally form a teaching guidance system from theory to practice with the starting point of biology teaching practice and the overall goal of promoting students' all-round development.