American educational technology was the earliest, developed clearly and completely, and had the greatest influence in the world. Other countries, such as Japan, Britain, Canada, etc., have borrowed the theoretical model of American educational technology, so the United States can be a typical representative of studying the development history of foreign educational technology.
The formation and development of American educational technology can be traced back to three main aspects: first, the audio-visual teaching movement promoted the use of various learning resources in teaching; Secondly, personalized teaching promotes the formation of learner-centered personalized teaching; Thirdly, the development of teaching system method promotes the birth of instructional design as the core of educational technology theory.
These three aspects have different origins, but basically follow the development track of "visual teaching-audio-visual teaching-audio-visual communication teaching-educational technology". During this period, multimedia audio-visual communication teaching, personalized teaching and teaching system design gradually merged. In 1970s, under the integration of systematic methods, three branches formed educational technology, making it a systematic and complete field and discipline.
Visual education: The term visual education was first used by a publishing company in Pennsylvania, USA, 1906. It published a book about how to take photos, how to make and use slides, and its title was Visual Education. 65438-0923, the American Education Association established the Visual Education Branch.
Audio-visual education: In the second half of 1930s, radio, audio movies and tape recorders were used in education one after another. People feel that the name of intuitive education can't sum up the existing practices, so they begin to use the terminology of audio-visual education in their articles.
From 65438 to 0947, the Visual Education Branch of the American Education Association was renamed the Audio-visual Teaching Branch. Among many researches on audio-visual education, the representative one is "Audio-visual Teaching Methods" written by E. Dale in 1946. The "tower of experience" theory put forward in this book became the main theoretical basis of audio-visual education at that time and later.
Audiovisual communication: 65438-0960, the American Audiovisual Education Association formed a special committee to discuss what audiovisual education is. 1963 In February, the Committee submitted a report, suggesting that the name of audio-visual education be changed to audio-visual communication, and gave a detailed explanation. In addition, many articles and works about audio-visual education tend to use communication as the theoretical basis of audio-visual education.