(A) Education comes from human productive labor.
1. Productive labor provides a material basis (possibility) for education.
Work enables the brain, the thinking organ, to develop.
Labor has produced a communication tool-language.
2. Productive labor and social life need education (inevitability)
Education initially has two social functions: transmitting production experience and social life experience. From the perspective of social development, only this kind of transfer can the society continue and develop. In this sense, education is an eternal category of human society.
(b) Education is a unique phenomenon of human beings.
1. Education is social and animal activities are based on instinct.
Education is for the continuity of society and the survival of individuals. The experience of social production and life cannot be obtained through heredity, but the activities of animals have been obtained in the process of racial evolution, which is related to physiological needs.
2. Education conveys the accumulated experience of society, but animals can't classify the experience.
◆ Animals have only the first signal system, but no language, so they can't accumulate and transmit experience. Therefore, animal activities always stay at the same level. Humans have a second signal system to classify experiences, so that future generations can stand on the shoulders of predecessors and promote the continuous development of human society.
3. The spread of animals only passively adapts to the environment, while human beings can transform the environment and society.
Second, the particularity of educational activities-training people purposefully.
Social activities are complicated. To reveal the essential characteristics of education, we must also find out the difference between education and other social activities. By analyzing the different nature, contents and methods of education, we will find that the special contradiction to be solved in educational activities is the contradiction between the educated individual and society. Education is to transform the accumulated knowledge and social life experience of human beings into the wisdom, talent and moral character of the educated, so that their body and mind can develop and become the people needed by society. It is obvious that education is necessary.
This particularity includes two aspects: first, educational activities are aimed at people; Second, the purpose of educational activities is to cultivate people.