June 1909. Lu Xun worked in a school after returning from studying in Japan. 19 12 ~ 1926 works in the Ministry of Education. 1920 ~ 1926. in addition to working in the Ministry of education, he also teaches at s university and middle school.
Lu Xun was mainly engaged in revolutionary literary and artistic activities all his life, but he never left the struggle on the educational front. He is very concerned about the education of the next generation, especially the family education of children, and has published many monographs in this field, such as Random Thoughts 25 and How We Are Fathers Now. He profoundly exposed and criticized the damage of feudal family education to children, and called on parents to attach importance to children's family education, improve children's family education, educate children with new concepts, methods and contents, and create a new generation. Lu Xun is the first educator in the history of modern education in China to directly criticize the feudal family education thought that lasted for thousands of years, and also the first educator to advocate new ideas, methods and contents of family education.
Lu Xun's new family education theory and thought were first implemented in his own practice of educating children.
People often think that great people are serious and do not know how to live, so they don't know how to love their children. If they love children very much, they will be laughed at. Lu Xun loved his son to meet the sea very much. He was once laughed at. To this end, he once wrote a poem "Answer the Guest" to get back at those who laughed at his last beloved son facing the sea. Ruthlessness is not necessarily a hero. How can Reiko Kobayakawa not be a husband? Do you know that those noisy people look back smaller than Tu?
"Yu Tu" is a dialect of the ancient Chu State, which refers to the tiger. "Less than Tu" refers to the little tiger, and "Madman" refers to the big tiger. Lu Xun used the metaphor that big tigers also know how to love little tigers to show that heroes should also know how to love children.
Lu Xun's love for children is first manifested in his respect for children. He doesn't think a father can control his children at will. Shortly after Yinghai was born, one morning, Lu Xun asked his wife Xu Guangping, "Have you decided what to name your son?" "No. You'd better get up! " Xu Guangping looked at Lu Xun with expectant eyes.
"I think of two words. What do you think? " Lu Xun looked at his son affectionately, smiled and said to Xu Guangping, "Because he was born in Shanghai and is a baby, let him meet the sea. The name sounds nice and popular, but it will never be the same. Foreign names are also easy to translate, and ancient men also used the word baby. During the Warring States Period, Tian Ying was equally famous. " If he doesn't like the name when he grows up, he can change it at will. Anyway, I'll change its name myself. Not bad for the time being. "
Because of their busy work, Lu Xun and Xu Guangping often take turns to look after their son. It is Lu Xun's turn to take care of the children on duty. He always sits on the bed with the sea in his arms, holding a cigarette box and a matchbox in his hand, playing with his fingers rhythmically, making his son laugh. When the child is happy, he stands on his leg and jumps around. After a while, he passed the ball, and he walked around the small room with his child in his arms, humming his own lullaby, even and even.
Little red, elephant, little red elephant, elephant, red, elephant red; Elephant, Xiaohong, Xiaohong elephant, Xiaohong, elephant, Xiaohong.
Lu Xun sometimes changed his tune and sang a flat tone with the word "supporting the ancient". In this way, he sang again and again until the child fell asleep in his arms.
Lu Xun attached great importance to children's games. He thinks that games are the most proper behavior of children and toys are their angels. Before he had a son to meet the sea, he went to the street and didn't even look at other grocery stores except bookstores. After having a son, he will go to the toy stall every time he goes to the street and pay attention to choosing toys for Yinghai. He bought a set of woodworking tools and toys, and his son often used them happily to knock nails, drill wood blocks and install carpenters to build houses.
After being sensible, Yinghai, like all other children, always asks questions about "what" and "why".
"Dad, why is it raining?" "Dad, why are the leaves different?" "Dad, why are you angry when the water is boiling?" .....
Although Lu Xun is often as busy as a bee, he never leaves his son's problems behind. He attaches great importance to children's curiosity and imagination. He believes that children have rich imagination, and innocent and lively parents should understand their inner world, their hobbies and interests, give them rich spiritual food, and let them grow up healthily and happily and become noble and civilized people. He said, "Children can be respected. He often thinks of the realm above the stars and the moon, the underground situation, the use of flowers, and the language of insects. " He wants to fly in the sky, and he wants to sneak into the ant nest ............................................................................................................................ "
Therefore, Lu Xun often tells his son some scientific, informative and interesting stories, such as how bears live and how radishes grow up. He almost always answers the questions raised by his son and always explains them patiently and meticulously.
Sometimes, when Ying Hai asks a simple question, Lu Xun will answer it directly. Sometimes, the problem is a bit complicated. He promised to give detailed answers when telling stories in the future. Sometimes, even if the son doesn't understand the topic, he will kindly say to his son, "You don't understand now. When you grow up, you will understand after reading the book." Now dad won't talk about it, okay? "At this time, always cocked his head to meet the sea, as if thinking about something. Dad cried when he finished. "Give me the book quickly! Give me the book! "
Once, Yinghai asked her father, "Dad, who raised you?"
"My parents brought it up." Lu Xun answered his son kindly. "Who raised your parents?" The son asked again. "It was raised by father and mother's father and mother."
"Father, mother's father, mother, until the past, the earliest, where did people come from?"
"It's from a single cell."
"When there is no single cell, where does everything come from?" Meet the sea continued.
Lu Xun believes that this problem cannot be explained clearly in a few words, nor can it be understood by a young mind of several years old. In order to live up to his son's hope of seeking knowledge, he kindly told Yinghai: "I'll tell you when you grow up and know more."
Yinghai grew up day by day and became more and more naughty. However, Lu Xun never reprimanded his children for no reason. He doesn't agree to use rude methods to beat and scold children, and he doesn't agree to let himself go, spoil children and let them become bullies at home. He believes that these two methods of family education are wrong and harmful, which is not conducive to the healthy growth of children's body and mind, and is also extremely harmful to the country and society.
He pointed out the first wrong education method, "that is, giving him a cold shoulder or reprimanding all day, or even beating him, making him cringe like a slave and puppet." However, his parents called them "obedient" and thought they were the success of education. He will never fly or jump when he is released from the cage. "
The second wrong method of education is "to make it bossy and ignore it at all." Call names or hit people. In front of the door, whether it is in front of the door, it is bullying and afraid of hard work, but outside, like a spider that has lost its net, there is nothing to do at once. "
Mr. Lu Xun always takes children's affairs seriously and never deals with them lightly. On one occasion, Lu Xun and several guests went to a restaurant for dinner. There is a bowl of fish balls in the dish I bought. The guests were full of praise after eating it, saying that this dish tastes special.
"Oh, it's not delicious, it's not delicious!" My son took a bite of the fish ball into the sea, but he screamed and spit it out.
"What, you don't like it?" A guest asked to meet the sea.
"No, this fish ball is not fresh." The head facing the sea shook like a rattle. People feel very strange, even don't believe it, and think that welcoming the sea is coquetry. Because all the fish balls they eat are delicious. Without saying anything, Lu Xun reached for chopsticks, picked up the fish balls bitten by Yinghai and tasted them. Sure enough, this fish ball is not fresh, it has really gone bad.
It turns out that most of this bowl of fish balls is good, and some of them are not fresh. Lu Xun tasted it and spat it out. Afterwards, he said, "There is always a reason why children are not fresh. No matter what happens to parents and children, if they don't check it out, they just don't believe it, ignore it, even reprimand it severely and erase it easily. This is not right. "
Sometimes, when a child does something wrong, Lu Xun always persuades and points out the problem, so that the child can correct the mistake and increase his knowledge. He often tells fairy tales to cultivate children's good thoughts and virtues, so that they can gradually distinguish right from wrong, distinguish good from evil and increase their thirst for knowledge.
Lu Xun also asked the children to study hard, seek real talent and practical learning, and not covet false reputation.
1936, Lu Xun put forward his "will" in an essay "Death" written more than a month before his death, in which article 5 wrote, "When a child grows up, if he has no talent, he can find something to live for, and he must never be an empty writer or artist."
Lu Xun is a great communist fighter. His concern and teaching for his son is inseparable from his yearning for a better future for mankind. He believes that children are the successors of the future career, and it is the obligation of parents to educate their children. He once pointed out that "we should fulfill the obligation of education ... to train them to adapt to the new trend with hardworking physical strength, pure and noble morality and broad and free spirit, that is, to swim in the world trend without being submerged."
He also warned his parents, "I bear the burden of tradition, carry the dark door and let them go to a wide and bright place;" After that, live happily and be a reasonable person. "
Lu Xun wanted to be a parent in this way, and he did it himself.