(1) Detailed field recording method
Detailed recording method is a method to record all the performances or activities of the observed object in a period of time continuously and as detailed as possible in order to carry out research.
(2) Time sampling method
Time sampling method is a method to observe and record the phenomenon and process of the observed object in a certain period of time. For example, choose the first class every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday morning, and record the times when teachers ask questions and boys and girls raise their hands to answer questions, so as to study the achievement motivation of boys and girls.
(3) Event sampling method
Event sampling method is a research method based on a certain research purpose, observing events as a unit, and understanding the complete process of some specific behaviors or events. Event sampling method is not limited by time interval and time period, and studies complete behavior events of specific categories, but does not measure behavior performance of limited time units.
As long as the expected event occurs, it can be recorded. For example, we study the complaint behavior of primary school students in lower grades. Whenever there is a complaint behavior of primary school students, we will observe and analyze the reasons and manifestations of primary school students' complaints, laying the foundation for proposing solutions in the future.
(4) diary description method
Also known as children's biography, it is a method to describe children's behavior in the form of diary during the long-term repeated observation of the same or the same group of children.
For example, 1774 Pestalozzi's Diary of a Father. Diary description method is usually divided into comprehensive diary method and theme diary method. Diary description is generally suitable for case studies.
(5) Anecdotal record method
Anecdote recording is a method for observers to record and study any new behavior scene that is considered valuable and meaningful and can show the development of children in a certain aspect.
Because observers often record their typical or abnormal behaviors, they can help teachers analyze children's growth and development process, understand children's personality characteristics and explore the factors affecting children's development.
(6) Graphic method of frequency counting
Frequency graphic method refers to counting the frequency of a certain behavior, and then displaying the frequency of the behavior graphically.
(7) List method
List method refers to arranging a series of items and marking two choices about these items, so that the recorder can choose one of them and mark it.