1. "Punch" is the slogan and strategic policy put forward by Chairman Mao during the revolutionary war in China. The background is that during the civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, the China army faced strong pressure and war threats from the Kuomintang army.

2. "One punch at a time to avoid hundreds of punches" means to dare to attack decisively in the battle and quickly hit the key parts of the opponent in order to achieve strategic victory and avoid long-term wars of attrition and bloody battles. In other words, through an all-round attack with one blow, the opponent is forced to collapse or retreat quickly with rapid force, thus avoiding a protracted battle.

In daily life, we can extend the meaning of "one punch at a time, free from hundreds of punches", that is, we should be decisive and resolute in solving problems, act quickly and strive for decisive success. This principle emphasizes that we should face challenges bravely, face problems directly, and do not delay to prevent problems from getting worse. Solving the problem quickly can avoid the expansion of the problem and more complicated subsequent troubles.

4. The essence of Mao Zedong's military thought is "mass war". Chairman Mao emphasized that in military struggle, the broad masses of the people are the decisive force. He advocated mobilizing the people to participate in the battle and winning through the support and participation of the people. Mao Zedong's military thought emphasizes flexibility and adaptability, and pays attention to making use of the special conditions and mass strength in rural areas of China to weaken the enemy to the maximum extent and achieve strategic goals.

Flexibility and creativity are the secrets of Chairman Mao's success in applying Mao Zedong's military thoughts. He emphasizes flexible command and tactics, is good at adjusting strategies in a complex and changeable battlefield environment, and makes decisions according to the changes of the enemy and the actual situation. Chairman Mao paid attention to tactical innovation, encouraged soldiers to play their initiative and creativity, and flexibly used various weapons and tactical means to win the battle.

Please note that these answers are for reference only. A more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of Mao Zedong Thought and military thought needs further study and research.