The research object of pedagogy: the "educational problem" based on "educational facts" and guided by educational values aims to explore and reveal the regular relationship between educational activities and serve educational practice. Educational problems mark the bud of pedagogy; The development of educational problems is the internal motive force to promote the development of pedagogy, and the transformation of educational problems is manifested in the change of educational research tradition and paradigm; Different answers to the same question have formed different educational thoughts and ideas and their factions. Pedagogical research should have "problem consciousness" to prevent the emergence of "false problems" and deepen the problems continuously.