After reading Emile, I feel 1 Emile, which is praised as "as long as Plato's Republic and Rousseau's Emile remain in the world, other educational works will be destroyed." I am awed by such immortal works.
In this book, Rousseau opposed the feudal education system by educating Emile, the educational object he envisioned, and expounded his bourgeois education thought. The book is divided into five volumes. According to the age of children, he puts forward the principles, contents and methods of education for children of different ages. Although it is unscientific to separate moral, intellectual and physical education from modern society, at that time, such educational thought was undoubtedly of progressive significance. Below I will talk about two educational ideas that resonate with me. Rousseau's greatest natural education is to follow the eternal laws of nature and let people develop freely physically and mentally. He believes that the means of this kind of education is life and practice, so that children can obtain the knowledge they need from their personal experience of life and practice and through sensory feelings. Its concept is abstract, as far as I understand it, isn't it? For example, when the weather is cold and the window is still open, the teacher does not directly remind the students that closing the window can make you feel warm; Instead, let students feel the cold and close the window by themselves, so that they can experience that closing the window can reduce the degree of cold. This kind of education depends on students' practice and life, which has a slow effect and an unsystematic law. Judging from what we see now, we pay too much attention to the liberation of children's personality. However, our current education pays more attention to the teaching of students' book knowledge, which is a systematic law integrated by the rich experience of predecessors. It can be said that it is standing on the shoulders of giants, but it lacks children's own practical ability. Therefore, I think that by combining students' personal practice with predecessors' experience, they can retain a little of their natural nature and guide the society. Will this kind of education be more perfect? The book emphasizes: "A teacher! Ah, what a noble man! ……
In fact, in order to make a person, he should be a father or a more educated person. Rousseau's thoughts always remind us that I am a man engaged in noble cause! Therefore, we should pay more attention to the cultivation of children's thoughts and feelings, develop intelligence and ability in normal teaching, and develop intellectual and non-intellectual factors from the perspective of educating people to promote students' all-round development and active development. We should understand that we have a great educational mission on our shoulders, and we should use our conscience and talents to cultivate talents that satisfy the society.
After reading "Emily", I feel 2 "We are born weak, so we need to be strong; We were born with nothing, so we need help; We are born ignorant, so we need the ability to judge. What we didn't have when we were born, what we need when we grow up, must be given by education. "
"This kind of education is influenced by nature, people or things."
Open this yellowed page again, and I am still deeply attracted by its charm. Although everyone who has seen it knows what Emile said, I still want to briefly introduce it, because every time is a process of memory, a kind of happiness and the key to Emile's swimming. As Dewey wrote in Democracy and Education, "Let bygones be bygones, it's no longer our business,". But knowledge about excess is the key to understanding the present. History tells the past, but this past is the history of the present. " Therefore, reading and thinking about our educational direction or other classics will be a part of my future life. If I persist, I believe my life will be the most beneficial.
Jean jacques Rousseaux (1712-1778) is a French enlightenment thinker, philosopher, educator and writer. Emile, or on education, Rousseau wrote in 1757. It is a semi-novel educational monograph, which is divided into five volumes. In this book, Rousseau describes himself as an ideal teacher and Emile as his ideal student. He described the whole process of Emil's growth and education from birth to 20 years old, and also expounded his thought of "natural education". He is a famous educator who emphasizes children-centered in the history of education and is called "Copernicus in the history of education".
At the beginning of the first volume, he mentioned that "everything from the creator's hand is good, but once it reaches the hand, it will go bad." Yes, this is one of his main thoughts, criticizing the traditional classical education for hurting human nature and violating nature, so he thinks that education should "conform to nature" and conform to the original tendency and nature in human nature. Therefore, both material education and artificial education are based on natural education and are good and effective education. The means of this kind of education is life and practice, so that children can get the knowledge they need from the personal experience of life and practice through sensory feelings. He advocates the use of physical teaching and intuitive teaching methods, and opposes abstract book learning. Rousseau advocated nature education. At that time, when the school was attached to the church and children's personality development was bound by religious beliefs, the "personality liberation" he longed for objectively met the requirements of social progress under the historical conditions at that time. He advocates physics teaching method and intuitive teaching method, so it is not difficult to see his education method for Emile through teaching by example and entertaining. For example, when Emily asks, "What's the use of doing such a thing?" I said, "I made this thing in my spare time. If you think it is not good, we can not do it because there are many other beneficial things. " On that day, we stopped studying the geographical position. The next morning, we went for a walk in the forest together, but we couldn't find our way home. I tried to tell Emily that Montmorency must be located in the south of the forest through yesterday's statement about the forest in the northwest of Montmorant, and find the position of the north according to the sun, and find a way to judge the position of the south and get out of the forest. In this way, Emily will never forget what happened that day. He learned the knowledge in life through practice, and it was a voluntary or active learning process. Rousseau's educational thought reminds me at any time that both children and learners of other ages should fully consider learners' subjectivity when engaging in educational activities, and mobilize their interest in learning through appropriate methods, so that educational activities can truly become a process of "learning from others". As many parents and teachers say now, the premise of educating children is to "have ambition" and really love children. To love children, we must first accept their true colors, regardless of their appearance, personality and endowment. Complete acceptance is the greatest love. Then the child will follow the laws of nature to achieve self-growth, self-creation, and naturally grow into that unique self, just like that unique Emily, enjoying her unique life. It is precisely because of this uniqueness and the differences between people that our world is wonderful and our education is truly people-oriented education.
Rousseau wrote: "everyone's mind has its own form, and we must guide him according to its form;" Only through this form of education, not through other forms, can you make your painstaking efforts to him achieve results. Cautious people explore nature more. Before you say the first sentence to your student, you must know him well. Let the seeds of his character be freely expressed first, and don't have any constraints on it, so as to observe it comprehensively and carefully. "This is exactly the feudal education that he opposed to suppressing children's individuality and fettering children's freedom; Oppose strict discipline and rote learning methods; Advocating that children should be completely free to carry out activities and look at, think and feel everything in their own unique way; Educators are required to "treat adults as adults and children as children", and must understand the characteristics of children's physical and mental development before education; It is pointed out that the task of educators is to create an appropriate environment that can promote children's free development, observe carefully and induce appropriately, and only give appropriate help when children feel lack of experience or strength, and should not force children to accept the unique ways and means of adults. This reminds me that in this extremely competitive society, many parents, out of love for their children, want their children to win at the starting point. From the moment of birth, even in the fetal period, they began to implement a series of starting education actions for their children. But I want to say that we all know that parents have good intentions, but my parents, have you considered your children? Don't say anything without consulting with your child in advance, that is, make a decision without fully understanding your child's personality characteristics and hobbies. It can be said that all your thoughts are attached to the child's shoulders. Imagine how painful it is. Children seem to be "slaves" of adults, like puppets. Because children don't have their own freedom, their own ideas, and because of the habits arranged by their parents, they don't have the idea of planning for themselves, just like a person who is not my soul, walking in the world and living their own lives. And I think this is the future of mankind created in a relatively obedient state. What if it is a tortuous parenting process? Therefore, it will involve many problems for children to support their own ideas and resist the ideas imposed by their parents, but the first thing that hurts is the trust between parents and children. I think it's dangerous. Therefore, whether in family education or school education, if you want your children and students to get good development and growth, then understanding and being familiar with their world is the first. This is the premise for us to better guide and educate them, so we should treat children and learners correctly and give them full freedom, just like the principle of natural education put forward by our ancestors. In getting along with children, it is important not only to squat down and talk to them, but also to be truly equal in spirit. We should look at the reasons why they do this and that from the perspective of children, not criticize them from the perspective of adults. Rereading Emile makes me look at it more from the perspective of a teacher's thinking, so we should also remember the inspiration Rousseau gave us to improve the quality of teachers in the future.
Rereading this educational masterpiece, I feel that I have further thoughts and gains than when I was in college. I used to study for homework, but this time I study for a real piety. It also made me deeply realize that the postgraduate study will inevitably make my life develop freely and healthily as advocated in the book. Unlike Emily in the book, we are adults, so we should study or work hard to adapt to the development of nature, our inner development and society on the basis of the first two. In terms of knowledge, through continuous reading to increase their knowledge reserves, whether professional or related, but also related to society, religious culture and their favorite reading materials. Imagine that you are Emily in the book now. How can I cultivate myself? This is really an interesting and meaningful guess. In practice, although I also had social practice in college, I always feel that I have escaped, so now I will expand my activities and let myself study in different life circles, not just student circles. I think it is also a pleasure to communicate with teachers and learn from some elderly people who already have work experience.
Rereading "Emile" made me gain a lot. In addition to some new feelings and ideas about the contents of the book, I also want to reflect on myself as a person who knows myself and try to debug my state. I believe that in the future reading, I also have many opportunities to experience, reflect and improve through reading. People should constantly encourage themselves, urge themselves, make themselves mature and make themselves sure.
Thoughts on Reading Emile 3 Emile is an important work of Rousseau, an outstanding French enlightenment thinker. This book is Rousseau's exposition of his bourgeois education thoughts through the education of his imaginary educational object Emile. It is an immortal work known as "As long as Plato's Republic and Rousseau's Emile remain in the world, even if other educational works are destroyed, the garden of education will be rich and fragrant". In my spare time, I have Emile in my hand, and I seem to be baptized by my thoughts all the time.
The preface of this book introduces Rousseau's most famous Nature Education. Natural education is to follow the natural nature of human beings, so that education is consistent with all stages of human physical and mental development, and it is neither ahead nor behind. Nature education in a broad sense involves Rousseau's whole education stage: infancy (0-2 years old), childhood (2- 12 years old), adolescence (12- 15 years old) and adolescence (15-20 years old). Rousseau's educational method is coordinated with these four stages of development. This process is the process of natural education in a broad sense. Among them, the education of 0- 12 years old is Rousseau's natural education in a narrow sense. At this time, education is a kind of non-education, naturally speaking, and also a kind of negative education.
Looking at the first four or five pages, I am puzzled: without education, let nature speak, then what do we teachers want to do? 0- 12 years old has no education, how to treat children's growth with a negative attitude? I wonder how this view has been recognized by the whole world for so long. I didn't stop to think about this question, but continued to walk slowly in this book with questions, trying to find answers in actual teaching life with questions.
First, nature in non-education
I remember a trip, several students in my car class had no seats, so they had to get one. At this time, a boy stood up and said, "Sitting is the most uncomfortable. I want to stand. " I hesitated to stand up. As a teacher, I certainly object to her, because standing in the car in case a brake person falls easily, which is a safety hazard, not to mention the poor health at ordinary times. "No, sit down." I said to him. Who knows that he is determined to stand up and take his place. Looking at this stubborn little boy, I want to continue to exert the majesty of the teacher. But I suddenly felt that maybe I should let him stand and let him taste the imbalance caused by the start and stop of the car, and then he would sit down automatically without telling me. If I force him to sit today, he will stand up next time. Maybe the real danger will be greater then. I acquiesced in his decision and supported him. When I calmed down, I suddenly realized that "nature education" is not like this. Negative education is not a loss of confidence in education, nor is it irresponsible to education, nor is it a mistake in the direction of education. Instead, sometimes when students make mistakes or do things that violate ideal rules, teachers do not actively take immediate measures to stop them, but pay attention to his progress, let him experience the troubles caused by mistakes, and find his own mistakes with his own physical examination. By this time, with a little instruction from the teacher, the effect of education will naturally be achieved, and there is no need to worry about repeated education of students. Behind the seemingly negative is the charm of "no education, let nature speak"! It seems that Rousseau's laissez-faire is not indulgence, but a harmonious aesthetic feeling of "silence is better than sound".
I can't help thinking of China's fine tradition that "you have to suffer to be a master". What is this bitterness? The pain of burning the midnight oil? The pain of wandering in various training courses? No, lighting and training only increase students' learning burden. This bitterness should be "let the children taste the bitterness caused by mistakes." Our parents and teachers only know when to tell their children what to do, or stop them as soon as they find that they are about to make mistakes. Students don't even have a chance to suffer! In exchange, children secretly make mistakes behind their parents and teachers. In exchange, they are just "hopeless" on the edge of our huge population. It turned out that it was not the children's fault, because they didn't know what was wrong! Looking back, there is a passage from Rousseau in the book: "I accidentally prevented Emile from being injured. On the contrary, if he is not hurt at all and grows up without any pain, I will feel distressed. Suffering is the first thing he should learn and the most important thing he needs to know. It seems that children are weak precisely because they have to bear these important lessons without danger. " I am very happy to find the true meaning of Rousseau's thought in practical teaching. Although I don't know if this understanding is Rousseau's real idea, I feel enriched from the bottom of my heart. Emil opened another window of education for me, which made me have a more natural and profound understanding of education and a natural attitude towards children's mistakes.
Second, freedom in non-education
Rousseau also has an educational principle in Emile, that is, "give children the greatest freedom and let them move as fully as possible." He opposes binding children's limbs and asks them to wear loose clothes. " Rousseau still attaches great importance to the external clothes, and the requirement is that it must be loose, so Rousseau advocates a free-style innovative education system. Freedom and nature are the embodiment of Rousseau's educational thought to some extent. Coincidentally, there is the same description in "Little Doudou by the Window". "Principal Kobayashi never asks us to wear new clothes to school, but advocates that we wear clean old clothes so that we can have fun even if we scratch our clothes while climbing trees." Think about our school now. Except for the students in physical education class, how much time do they spend playing? Playing is the privilege of children, although Rousseau's famous saying: "It is natural to hope that children will look like children before they reach adulthood. If this order is disrupted, it will bear some precocious fruits, which are neither full nor sweet, and will soon rot. We will cause some young doctors and senile children to haunt our educators, but who will really understand and implement them?
Nowadays, social competition is a hot topic, and scores are an unavoidable topic. The trend is that our children have admitted that "playing" is a mistake in learning, and our teachers are used to giving serious eyes when they see students playing, thinking that this is education and that students are making mistakes, but in fact we are all making mistakes! And when playing, teachers often make more serious mistakes! So I feel guilty and sad about the picture of students running into the classroom when they see me walking towards the classroom. I hide my cards and stop the game immediately, although I have always been proud of it. To put it simply, I stopped playing invisibly. What's more, I stopped students' creativity and imagination, and the most fundamental thing was to kill the child's physical life! What a terrible mistake I am making, what a terrible mistake we are making! Did you find out? Do you feel it? Thanks to "Emily" for pointing out my own mistakes and not letting me go too far. I want to say to all adults: facing children's play, let us be more "uneducated" and give children a free childhood!
For an educator and a parent who wants their children to grow up happily and healthily, Emile is a book that completely changes their thinking. Even if it is not completely renovated, I believe there is no small progress! Let's call on more children to enjoy Amir-style free and harmonious education instead of studying for the sake of learning.
Reading Emile Rousseau's Emile requires breaking the tradition that education should be based on adults' abilities and needs and setting off a revolution with great influence in the history of education. Rousseau advocated "natural education" for children based on his philosophy, and cultivated a "new person" in the bourgeois kingdom, that is, a natural person-Emil. He advocated that children receive natural education, labor education and ideological education of freedom, equality and fraternity. Therefore, Emily she created not only has the mind and judgment of a philosopher, the physique and skills of a worker, but also has noble moral quality and a kind-hearted heart.
First of all, as educators, we should follow the characteristics of students' physical and mental development and learning, and carry out teaching step by step. In the process of cultivating students, don't give whatever you ask for, just give whatever you want. Students should also suffer setbacks appropriately, because facing setbacks bravely will be the most important lesson in his life. If children are taken care of everywhere, they will only become flowers in the greenhouse and will never grow independently.
Secondly, as educators, we should learn to cultivate students' curiosity and thirst for knowledge and teach students in accordance with their aptitude. How to understand "nature" and how to let children develop according to their own "nature"? A child is like a blank sheet of paper, and every word and deed of a teacher will leave a mark on it. Whether this pen is icing on the cake or doodling deserves every teacher's deep thought. Therefore, we should be cautious about the interaction with students, so that they can be naturally tempered in the process of growth.
Finally, as educators, we should fully understand that education should follow the natural law of children's growth. Professor Li Zhenxi, a famous doctor of education, said: "An excellent teacher will never forget that he was a child." This requires us to observe with children's eyes, listen with children's ears and feel with children's hearts. Therefore, we should deeply understand and respect children, carry out education at different stages according to their physical and mental characteristics, fully mobilize their initiative in learning, and promote their vivid, lively and active development.
Thoughts on reading Emile 5 I have read Emile by Rousseau on the Internet, which expounds Rousseau's view on human education. After reading it, it inspired me a lot. I have to say that the ideas in the book are a shock to me, which makes me fall into deep thinking. Tolstoy said: "The ideal book is the key to wisdom." Rousseau's educational book Emile, conceived for twenty years and written for three years, is such an ideal book. The book is full of wisdom, which can be described as "extensive and profound".
Rousseau's Emile is divided into five volumes, and he puts forward the principles, contents and methods of educating children of different ages according to their age. He stressed that educating children must conform to their physical and mental development laws and age characteristics, otherwise it will lead to bad consequences. Because "nature wants children to look like children before adulthood, disrupting this order, we will bear some precocious fruits, which are neither full nor sweet, and will soon rot." We will create a group of naked and senile children. "Love children and treat children as children constitute the essence of this educational masterpiece, which is not only a clear spring in the depressed educational environment at that time, but also a great inspiration to our educators even today. Now I want to share some of my deepest feelings with you.
1, don't deprive children of a happy childhood. "Love children, help them play games, make them happy and cultivate their naive instinct. In the order of all things, human beings have their place: in the order of life, children have their place, that is, to treat adults as adults and children as children. " This passage is still of great warning significance to parents who are eager to become dragons and phoenixes today. Children's childhood is not happy, but there is endless distress. Why should those fleeting years be filled with sadness and pain? "Don't let children lose at the starting line" has become the truth that adults believe in, so I signed up for various interest classes, cram schools and remedial classes for my children, and I thought of them in all aspects, but I didn't expect that the price for this was the childhood that the children would never return!
2. Don't kill the child's nature. Treat children like children. We should respect children's nature and believe that children have innate development potential. Children have their own unique views, ideas and feelings. It is foolish to replace them with our opinions, thoughts and feelings. Although a child is weak, he has inherent development potential. Rousseau believes that children are not adults, and children have their own unique lives; The existence of childhood is a natural law. The existence of childhood is not simply to prepare for adult life, but has the value of independent existence. In short, we should respect children's nature and let them develop fully and freely, so that children will be happy in the future.
The author's original viewpoint, incisive exposition, exquisite description and exquisite writing in the book are convincing. The book is permeated with countless classic educational maxims, full of insightful opinions and unique educational ideas, which make people hide memories from time to time. Rousseau educated his beloved son with equality and fraternity. This imaginary orphan lives happily in a free world that is not forced. I hope every student is a happy "Emily".