1. Development level of social productive forces.
At any stage of social development, productivity is the fundamental determinant, and the development of education system is no exception. The education system ahead of the development level of social productive forces cannot be realized, and the education system behind the development level of social productive forces has little effect. The productivity level of ancient society was low, the social development was slow, the educational function was relatively single, and the education system was relatively simple.
2. Social, political and economic system.
The education system itself is an integral part of the social political and economic system, and its development depends on the corresponding political and economic system. In countries or regions with strict social hierarchy, there is also serious inequality in the field of education. Only the children of aristocrats are eligible for education in schools aimed at cultivating aristocrats, while the education level of ordinary children is very limited.
3. Social thoughts and other related cultural factors.
Culture is a very broad concept. The broad concept of culture covers different levels such as things, systems and spirits, and all kinds of systems are included in it. The concept of culture we are talking about here mainly refers to the narrow cultural fields such as spirit, value and social ideological trend. An era has an era's material production level, political and economic system, and corresponding spirit and value pursuit, and the education system deeply reflects this spirit and value pursuit.
4. Understand the growth of human beings, especially the age characteristics of teenagers and children.
In the history of educational development, the division of age stages and corresponding educational stages has always been a controversial topic. Aristotle, Comenius, Rousseau and others all expressed their views on this, which provided a theoretical basis for the final establishment of modern school education system. "The school age of children is six or seven years old in most countries, because children aged six or seven have the basic conditions for learning both physically and psychologically.
Characteristics of the education system:
1. Objectivity of the education system. As an institutionalized thing, the education system is formulated by people in a specific era according to their own needs. Although its formulation reflects people's subjective wishes and special value needs, people do not make or abolish the education system at will. The formulation or abolition of an educational system has its objective basis and regularity.
2. Normalization of the education system. Any educational system is formulated by its makers according to their own needs, and it has its own norms. This standardization is mainly manifested in the restriction of admission conditions, that is, the determination of educated people and training objectives at all levels.
3. The historicity of education system is not only a reflection of objective reality, but also a valuable choice and embodiment, but its specific content changes with the changes of society. In different social and historical periods and different cultural backgrounds, there will be different educational needs. Therefore, it is necessary to establish different education systems. The education system is constantly innovating with the changes of the times and cultural background.
4. Compulsory education system. As a system of educational institutions, the education system exists only for individuals. It is independent of the individual and has a certain coercive effect on the individual's behavior. As long as it is a system, before it is abolished, regardless of personal likes and dislikes, individuals are required to adapt and abide unconditionally. However, with the development of the education system and its internal diversification, especially the establishment and implementation of lifelong education, individual selectivity is also increasing.