Abstract: As the basis for information users to make investment decisions and analysis, the authenticity of accounting information has attracted more and more attention. If accounting information is distorted, it will not only disrupt the market economic order and destroy the social image of listed companies, but also dampen the enthusiasm of investors and make information users feel distrust. Therefore, how to improve the quality of accounting information and ensure the reliability and authenticity of accounting information is of great significance to promoting the development of China's market economy and maintaining social stability. Based on the present situation of accounting information quality of listed companies, this paper analyzes the reasons for the weak quality and puts forward some countermeasures to solve the problems.

Keywords: listed companies; Quality of accounting information; Current situation; Countermeasures

1 Status of Accounting Information Quality of Listed Companies

1. 1 The information disclosure is untrue. The untruthfulness of information disclosure mainly includes the following aspects: First, profit fraud. For the sake of their own interests, listed companies often adopt the method of raising more funds and spreading more, and include the expenses that should not be included in this period; Some listed companies even use non-recurring gains and losses to turn losses into profits on their books and induce investors. Second, the profit forecast is fraudulent. In order to raise as much money as possible when going public, many companies often make false statements in their profit forecasts, and even deliberately manipulate their profit forecasts and release misleading information. The third is to provide false accounting information. Some listed companies often disclose accounting information by publishing false accounting information.

1.2 accounting information disclosure is not timely enough. If it is not published in time, the relevance of the information will be reduced. In the securities market, if the information is disclosed in time, investors can get accurate information at the first time, so as to make correct decisions; On the contrary, if the information is not disclosed in time, it will not only affect investors' decision-making, but some insiders may also use the time difference to conduct insider trading and reap huge profits. At present, the main problems in the actual operation of listed companies are: listed companies will disclose favorable accounting information in advance, but will delay the disclosure of unfavorable accounting information.

1.3 Insufficient information disclosure. The full disclosure of accounting information requires all information disclosure parties to fully and completely disclose all legal information in accordance with the law, and there shall be no omissions or deficiencies. However, in practice, some listed companies report good news instead of bad news, often concealing some facts and misleading investors. It is mainly manifested in insufficient disclosure of information such as solvency, contingencies and related party transactions.

2 Analysis of the reasons for the weak quality of accounting information of listed companies

2. 1 accounting regulations are not perfect. In China, although the Accounting Law, Company Law, Basic Standards of Accounting Work and other laws and regulations have been revised one after another, the implementation of accounting laws and regulations is still not satisfactory due to the weak legal concept of operators, imperfect relevant laws and regulations, poor law enforcement environment, low quality of law enforcers, and poor punishment for violators. As far as the existing accounting management laws and regulations and accounting management system are concerned, there are still some limitations, such as lagging ideas, vague regulations and unclear supervision means.

2.2 Insufficient social supervision. The social supervision of accounting information of listed companies in China is mainly accomplished through the independent audit of accounting firms. Although other social institutions or organizations have also played a certain role in the supervision of accounting information of listed companies, there is no relevant law to bring it into the scope of supervision subject and give it supervision responsibility. Social supervision of accounting information, which is mainly based on independent audit of accounting firms, can urge listed companies to strengthen the basic accounting work, strengthen the training of accounting personnel and improve their professional level, thus contributing to the standardization of accounting information disclosure. However, from the current supervision effect, it is not satisfactory, and there are still many problems in this social supervision mechanism.

2.3 Listed companies intentionally violate regulations. The management of listed companies is driven by interests, and the disclosure of accounting information is inaccurate.

The classified query of periodical articles lies in the periodical database, because in modern joint-stock companies, the economic interests of shareholders and entrusted management companies tend to increase profits, and often use accounting technology to achieve their own goals. In addition, in the increasingly fierce market competition, the securities market has also become an important stage to display corporate image, and good news such as corporate profits is conducive to attracting investors. Therefore, raising the company's share price is conducive to establishing a good image of the company and putting the company in a favorable position in the competition. Moreover, because China's securities market has not been established for a long time, some mature concepts and consciousness have not been established, and many listed companies are still immature in the practice of accounting information disclosure, so the information generated in this way often cannot fully meet the requirements of the specification.

2.4 There are defects in the internal governance structure of enterprises. Specifically, first, the shareholding structure of listed companies is seriously unbalanced. Shareholders' meetings are mostly posturing, and it is difficult to effectively supervise company managers. It is not uncommon for major shareholders to interfere in the daily decision-making of listed companies. Second, judging from the structure and functions of the company's board of directors, most of the directors of many listed companies restructured from state-owned or collective enterprises are still the original directors or managers, and they are used to managing both decision-making and operation. Third, from the supervision of the board of supervisors, its supervision function is weakened and lacks authority, and some supervisors are unable to exercise their functions and powers due to lack of professional knowledge such as law and finance. Executives of many companies. Before listing, it was served by the deputy or assistant of the current chairman or general manager, which changed from the original relationship between the superior and the subordinate to the present mutual checks and balances, and its supervision difficulty can be imagined.

3 Countermeasures to improve the quality of accounting information of listed companies

3. 1 Improve the accounting laws and regulations system. China has made great progress in drawing lessons from international accounting standards, but there are still some problems in its specific implementation. If an accounting standard is not effectively implemented, it will be useless. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an effective implementation mechanism of accounting standards. At the same time, constantly improve the construction of accounting laws and regulations to prevent accounting violations from the institutional level. The role of accounting laws and regulations lies in its strong binding nature. By standardizing the specific accounting business, the result of standardizing accounting behavior can be achieved, and finally the purpose of improving the quality of accounting information can be achieved.

3.2 Improve the corporate governance structure and internal control. According to the requirements of modern enterprise system, improve the internal governance structure of enterprises. First, clarify the responsibilities and rights of the board of directors, the board of supervisors and the operators, establish a strong constraint on the managers by shareholders, and establish a contractual principal-agent relationship between the board of directors and the managers; Second, straighten out the interest relationship between the principal and the agent, and solve the problem of the absence of the subject of state-owned property rights; Third, reduce the risk of accounting fraud in the internal control mechanism of enterprises through the mechanism of right distribution, right balance and information disclosure; Fourthly, to improve the performance evaluation mechanism, we should consider adding some non-financial accounting indicators related to the sustainable operation ability of enterprises, so as to link the interests of operators with the constraints of enterprise goals; The fifth is to change the incentive measures to prevent operators from short-term behavior, and to separate long-term performance pay from short-term pay.

3.3 Gradually improve the professional level and professional ethics of accounting personnel. If accountants lack the necessary professional level, accounting information errors are likely to occur. When accountants lack professional ethics, even if their professional level is higher, accounting information will be falsified. Therefore, it is necessary to combine skills training with strengthening professional ethics education to improve the quality of accountants. In other words, accountants should be trained and educated regularly to improve their quality. High-level professional quality is the premise of standardizing the accounting profession, and the improvement of professional ethics consciousness is an important factor in standardizing the accounting profession, which helps accountants to form a correct outlook on life and values, so as to resist and resolve external threats and inducements, act according to law, correctly handle the interests of the state, the collective and the individual, and put an end to accounting violations.

3.4 Improve the company's independent director system and set up an audit committee. A perfect independent director system can strengthen the external supervision of listed companies and externalize the internal organization of the board of directors appropriately, thus forming a certain supervision and restraint force and strengthening the supervision of the company's business activities. At the same time, the establishment of audit committee under the independent director system is helpful to re-supervise the accounting information subject. In view of the fact that management is responsible for compiling and providing accounting information, and the appointment of management is obviously dominated or influenced by the will of major shareholders, in order to prevent insider control and balance the rights of management and major shareholders in accounting information, an audit committee is set up in corporate governance practice to re-supervise the accounting information dominated by management. The main function of the Audit Committee is to ensure the quality of accounting information disclosed by the company by guiding and coordinating the internal audit of the company and the audit of external certified public accountants. The establishment of audit committee system can effectively get rid of the control of managers, realize the re-supervision of the quality of certified public accountants, and thus provide high-quality accounting information for the capital market.

3.5 Strengthen law enforcement. In order to make clear the responsibility subject of accounting information distortion, accounting information distortion should be brought into the restraint system of enterprise leaders, and accountants should not be allowed to play their roles, otherwise it will be counterproductive. We should make clear the measurement standard of accounting information distortion, so that the cost of accounting information distortion is much higher than its income, get rid of the phenomenon that the income of fraud is greater than the cost of fraud, and cut off the preference for accounting information fraud from the economic income.

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