I found three sets of papers last semester. . . . There must be an answer. . .

Senior one chemistry examination questions

The full mark of this volume is 120, and the examination time is 100 minutes.

Possible relative atomic mass: h-1; c— 12； n— 14； o— 16； mg-24； cl—35.5； ag- 108

1. Multiple-choice question: Only one of the four options in each question meets the requirements (there are 8 small questions in this big question, with 3 points for each question, totaling 24 points).

1. Which of the following statements is true:

① The extranuclear electron configuration of all ground-state atoms follows the structural principle; ② From left to right in the same period, the first ionization energy and electronegativity of elements become larger and larger; ③ All chemical bonds and hydrogen bonds have the same characteristics: directionality and saturation; ④ All complexes have coordination bonds, and all compounds containing coordination bonds are complexes; ⑤ All molecules containing polar bonds are polar molecules; ⑥ All ionic compounds contain ionic bonds.

A. There is no sentence B. 1 C.2, D.3.

2. In the subsequent changes, no chemical bonds were broken or formed.

A. graphite is converted into diamond B. NaCl crystal is dissolved in water.

C. Sublimation of dry ice D. Nitrogen fixation

3. Let NA be Avon Gadereau constant, and the following statement is wrong with Colorful Education Network.

A. Under standard conditions, there are about sodium gas molecules in 22.4 liters of air.

B1mol white phosphorus molecule (P4) contains a nonpolar bond of 6 NA.

C. 1mol d 3 18O+ ion contains 13 NA neutrons.

D the mass ratio of O2 containing sodium oxygen atoms to O3 containing sodium oxygen atoms is 2: 3.

4. The following statements about the periodic law of elements and the periodic table of elements are correct.

A. All the elements found so far occupy all positions in the periodic table, so it is impossible to find any new elements.

The properties of element B change periodically with the increase of atomic number.

C. Dalton, a Russian chemist, has made great contributions to the establishment of the periodic table of elements.

The metallicity of the elements of the same main group changes periodically from top to bottom.

5. According to the website of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Wang Enge team of the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences first proved the existence of a stable two-dimensional ice phase (pictured). It consists of alternating quadrilateral and octagonal hydrogen bonding grids, and the researchers named this new ice structure "inlaid ice". Interestingly, this kind of inlaid ice can also exist stably at room temperature. The speculation about this ice mosaic is definitely incorrect.

A it is a physical change that liquid water becomes "embedded in ice".

B. "Ice embedding" is also a solid body formed by hydrogen bonding between water molecules.

C. Each water molecule embedded in ice forms two hydrogen bonds.

D The density of "inlaid ice" may be different from that of ordinary ice.

6. Using valence shell electron pair repulsion theory to predict the three-dimensional structure of H2S and BF3, both conclusions are correct.

A. linear; Triangular cone b.v shape; Triangular cone

C. linear; D.v shape of plane triangle; Plane triangle

7. Scientists predict that the elements with atomic number 1 14 have fairly stable isotopes, which are located in group Ⅳ a of the seventh cycle and are called lead-like. Regarding its nature, this prediction is wrong.

A.the number of electrons in its outermost layer is 4.

B.it has +2 price and +4 price.

C.it is more metallic than lead.

D after copper is put into the nitrate solution of 1 14, the simple substance of 1 14 will be obtained.

8. Among the first four periodic elements, the unpaired electrons in the ground atoms of several elements are the same as their periods.

A.3 kinds of B.4 kinds of C.5 kinds of D.6 kinds.

Second, indefinite multiple-choice questions: one or two of the four options in each question meet the meaning of the question. If the correct answer contains only one option, when multiple choices are made, the topic is 0; If the correct answer contains two options, only one correct option will get 2 points and two correct options will get full marks, but as long as one is wrong, the small question will get 0 points (this big question contains 6 small questions, with 4 points for each question, totaling 24 points).

9. The structural formula corresponding to the following chemical formula is unreasonable in terms of bonding.

A.CH3N，B.CH2SeO，

C.CH4S，D.CH4Si，

10. The following description about the movement of electrons outside the nucleus is correct.

A electrons move like planets, they rotate around the nucleus at high speed in a fixed orbit.

B. electrons with low energy can only move in s orbit, while electrons with high energy always move in f orbit.

C. the greater the number of energy layers, the larger the orbital radius of s atom.

D. Electrons moving at the same energy level must have different motion states.

1 1. Sulfur dioxide (S2Cl2) is a vulcanizing agent widely used in rubber industry. Its molecular structure is shown on the right. At room temperature, S2Cl2 _ 2 is an orange-yellow liquid, which easily hydrolyzes when it meets water, producing gas that can make magenta fade. What is wrong in the following statement is

The electronic form of A.A.S2Cl2 is

B.S2Cl2 is a nonpolar molecule with polar and nonpolar bonds.

C.C.S2Br2 is similar in structure to S2Cl2, and its bond length is s-cl.

D the chemical equation of the reaction between s2cl2 and H2O may be 2scl2+2h2o = = SO2 ↑+3s↓+4hcl.

12. there are four kinds of ions (Wn+, Xm+, YM- and Zn-) (m >; N), the number of electrons in the M electron shell of four atoms W, X, Y and Z is odd. The correct one in the following statement is colorful education network.

The ionic radii of A.WN+, Xm+, YM- and Zn- increase in turn.

Thermal stability of gaseous hydrides of B, Y and Z: YHm>HnZ Colorful Education Network

The hydrates corresponding to the highest valence oxides of C, W, X, Y and Z are all strong electrolyte color education networks.

The basicity of hydrate corresponding to the highest valence oxides of D, W, X, Y and Z decreases in turn, and the acidity increases in turn.

13. The number of electrons outside the nucleus of element R is equal to the number of neutrons inside the nucleus. If 7.8g of this element fully reacts with oxygen to produce 13g compound RO, then this element is in the periodic table.

A. The second period B. The third period C. ⅴ A family D. IIA family

14. Known information: the ionization equation of [Cu(NH3)4](NO3)2: [Cu (NH3) 4] SO4 = = [Cu (NH3) 4] 2++2no3-. Co3+ complex CoCl of 6 ligand? 0? 1m？ 6? 1nh 3, if 1 mol of this complex reacts with enough AgNO3 solution to produce only 1 mol AgCl precipitate, then the values of m and n are respectively

A.m= 1，n=5 B.m=3，n=4 C.m=5，n= 1 D.m=3，n=3

3. Non-multiple choice questions (this big question contains 3 small questions, with a total of 26 points)

15.(9 points) In order to compare the impact of greenhouse gases on the current global warming phenomenon, scientists usually cite the "greenhouse effect index" and take carbon dioxide as the relative standard. Table 1 shows the volume percentages of nine gases (a) to (i) in the atmosphere and their greenhouse effect indices.

choose

The content of a substance in the atmosphere

(Volume percentage) Greenhouse effect

index

Oxygen 2 1 0

Carbon dioxide 0.03 1

Methane 2× 10-4 30

Nitrous oxide 3× 10-5 160

(G) O3 4× 10-6 2000

CCl3F 2.8× 10-8 2 1000

(1) CC12F2 4.8×10-8 25000

Combining the nine gases listed in the table, try to answer the following questions:

(1) The following polar molecules formed by polar bonds are table 1.

A.N2 Bay O2

C.H2O, carbon dioxide and methane

(2) The following statement is incorrect.

A.N2O and CO2, CCl3F and CCl2F2 are isoelectronic bodies.

B the structure of ccl2f 2 is similar to CH4, indicating that the carbon atoms in ccl2f2 are hybridized by sp3.

C.CH4 is the main cause of greenhouse effect at present.

D among the nine substances, H2O has the highest boiling point, because hydrogen bonds can be formed between water molecules.

(3) When producing semiconductors or using fire extinguishing agents, gases such as NF3, CHClFCF3 and C3F8 will escape into the air. Although they are trace, some of them are really strong greenhouse gases. The following speculation is incorrect.

A. According to the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory, NF3 molecule can be determined as a triangular cone.

B. the structure of B.chclfcf 3 is shown on the right, and the molecule has chiral isomerism.

C. It is known that the molecular polarity of C3F8 is very weak, so the solubility of C3F8 in CCl4 is greater than that in water.

D. electronegativity: n < o < f, first ionization energy: n < o < f.

16.(9 points) Water is the source of life and is closely related to our life. Water is also a commonly used reagent in chemical experiments and scientific research.

(1) When the oxygen atom in the water molecule is in the ground state, The arrangement formula of extranuclear electrons is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) Write the particles that are the same as H2O molecules (write two kinds) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(3) Under certain conditions, water molecules can easily get an H+ and form hydronium ions (H3O++). The following description of the above process is unreasonable.

A. the hybridization type of oxygen atoms has changed. The shape of the particles has changed.

C. the chemical properties of the particles have changed. D. the bond angle in the particles has changed.

(4) In ice crystals, each water molecule forms hydrogen bonds with four adjacent water molecules (as shown in the figure). It is known that the sublimation heat of ice is 5 1kj/mol, and besides hydrogen bonds, there are van der Waals forces between water molecules (1 1kj/mol), so the "bond energy" of hydrogen bonds in ice crystals is _ _ _ _.

(5) Scientists have found that water can exhibit many interesting structures and properties under special conditions.

① Under certain conditions, when a weak electric field is applied to the water supply, water will form ice at normal temperature and pressure, commonly known as "hot ice", and its simulation diagram is as follows.

Hydrothermal ice

Using the condition of "weak electric field" makes water form "hot ice", which shows that water molecules are _ _ _ _ _ _ molecules. (Fill in "polarity" or "nonpolar")

② When liquid water is irradiated by high-energy rays, a water molecule can release an electron and produce a cation at the same time. The released electrons can be captured by a "net" formed by several water molecules to form hydrated electrons. The reason why you think water molecules can form a "network" is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

17.(8 points) Metal fuel, nonmetal solid fuel, hydrogen, etc. Made of nanotechnology, it has been applied in social life and high-tech fields.

(1)A and B have high heat of combustion per unit mass and can be used as fuels. It is known that A and B are short-period elements, and the first to fourth ionization energies of their atoms are shown in the following table:

Ionization energy (kj/mol) I 1 I2 I3 I4

a 932 182 1 15390 2 177 1

b 738 145 1 7733 10540

① According to the above information, classmate A infers that the extranuclear electron configuration of B is as shown in the right picture.

The electronic configuration diagram drawn by this classmate violates _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) According to the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory, it is predicted that the simple molecular space configuration formed by A and chlorine is _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) As a clean energy source, hydrogen must be stored, and C60 can be used as hydrogen storage material.

(After C60, scientists synthesized Si60 and N60. The electronegativity of elements C, Si and N is _ _ _ _ _ _ in descending order.

(2) Each silicon atom in Si60 molecule only forms covalent bonds with three adjacent silicon atoms, and the outermost layer of each silicon atom satisfies the 8-electron stable structure, then the number of π bonds in Si60 molecule is _ _ _ _ _ _.

4. Non-multiple choice questions (this big question contains 3 small questions, with a total of 33 points)

18.(8 points) The elements in the first 7 cycles of the periodic table are shown in the following table:

The number of elements in the first seven periods in the periodic table.

Cycle times 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Element number 2 8 8 18 18 32 32

(1) The 6th and 7th periods are 14 elements more than the 4th and 5th periods, because _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) In the periodic table of elements, group _ _ _ contains the most elements, and group _ _ _ elements form the most compounds.

(3) Please analyze the relationship between the number of cycles and the number of elements, and then predict that the largest prime number that the eighth cycle may contain is

A. 18

Radium discovered by Madame Curie is a group IIA element in the seventh period of the periodic table of elements. The following description of the properties of radium is incorrect.

A. it is +2 in the compound. Hydroxide is amphoteric.

C. simple substance decomposes water to release hydrogen D. carbonate is insoluble in water.

19.( 1 1) It is known that the nuclear charges of elements X and Y are less than 3 1, and they can form XY2 compounds. Answer the following questions:

(1) If both X and Y are nonmetallic elements, write down the chemical formula _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) If the outer electron shell of X atom is 3d 104s2, Y may be _ _ _ _ element or _ _ _ _ _ _ element (write element symbol).

(3) If the anion of Y has the same electron shell structure as Ar, then XY2 is an ionic compound.

(1) If X is a main group element, the simplified electronic configuration formula of X atom may be _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) If X is the most widely used metal, then the peripheral electronic arrangement of X is _ _ _ _ _.

20.( 14 points) The following table is a part of the long-term table, in which the numbers represent the corresponding elements.

①

② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥

⑦ ⑧

⑨ ⑩

Try to fill in the blanks.

(1) Write the peripheral electronic configuration formula _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for the atom of element 9 in the above table.

(2) Among the simplest compounds formed by elements ③ and ⑧, the hybridization mode of element ③ is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

(3) The order of the first ionization energies of elements ④ and ⑤ is _ _ _ _ _ > _ (represented by element symbols); The space configuration of the simplest molecule X formed by elements ④ and ① is _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Please write down the chemical molecular formula: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

(4) When determining the relative molecular weight of the compounds formed by ① and ⑥, The main reasons why the experimental value is generally higher than the theoretical value are: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

(5) The properties of some elements of different families are similar. As shown in the above table, the hydroxides of element ⑦ and element ② have similar properties. Write the chemical formula of the salt obtained by the reaction of the hydroxide of element ② with NaOH solution.

(6) If element 1 17 is made, it should be a _ _ _ _ region according to the division in the periodic table of elements (optional S, D, ds, P), and the outermost electron orbital expression of element 1 17 is written as _ _ _ _.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) is not a multiple-choice question (this big question has a total score of 13)

2 1. The complex with the molecular formula of Pt(NH3)2Cl2 has two isomers: cisplatin and anti-platinum. The structural formula of cisplatin is that it has anticancer effect; The structural formula of platinum resistance is that it has no anticancer effect.

(1)Ni element and Pt element belong to the same family. Write the electronic configuration formula of the ground state atom of Ni element: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) There are great differences in physical properties between cisplatin and anti-platinum, and only one of them is soluble in water. Please judge which one is soluble in water according to what you have learned, and explain the reasons: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(3) The atomic stacking mode of metallic platinum is copper type (face-centered cubic stacking), and one unit cell of metallic platinum contains _ _ _ _ platinum atoms.

(4)NH3 can also interact with many compounds through coordination bonds. For example, the compound X that can be used as a hydrogen storage material is the product of the interaction between NH3 and the hydride of another element in the second cycle, and X is the isoelectronic body of ethane (C2H6); Heating compound X will slowly release H2 and transform it into compound Y, which is the isoelectronic body of ethylene (C2H4).

(1) A compound with the general structural formula of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) In the molecules of compounds X and Y, the element N hybridizes with _ _ _ _ _ _ _ respectively.

(5) Nickel tetracarbonyl [Ni(CO)4] is a colorless, volatile and highly toxic liquid. Melting point -25℃. The boiling point is 43℃. Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, benzene and carbon tetrachloride, showing tetrahedral configuration. The crystal form of nickel tetracarbonyl is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and the force between nickel atom and carbonyl group is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(6) It is reported that crystals containing only three elements of magnesium, nickel and carbon have superconductivity. Because these three elements are common elements, they have aroused widespread concern. The crystal structure can be considered as the face-centered cubic closest packing (ccp) of magnesium atoms and nickel atoms together. Try to write the chemical formula of this crystal _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. There are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ nearest nickel atoms around each magnesium atom in the crystal.

The mid-term exam of the second semester of the 2008-2009 school year in Qidong Middle School, Jiangsu Province.

Senior one experimental class chemistry examination questions answer volume.

3. Non-multiple choice questions (this big question contains 3 small questions, with a total of 26 points)

15.(9 points)

( 1)____________ (2)____________ (3)____________

16.(9 points)

( 1)__________________________。 (2)____________、____________。

(3)________________。 (4)____________。

(5)①___________

②___________________________________________________________________。

17.(8 points)

( 1)①_______________________________________________________________。

②__________________。

(2)①__________________。 ②__________________。

4. Non-multiple choice questions (this big question contains 3 small questions, with a total of 33 points)

18.(8 points)

( 1)_____________________________________________________________________。

(2)_________,__________。

(3)_____________

(4)_____________

19.( 1 1)

( 1)____________、____________、____________、____________。

(2) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (write element symbol).

(3)①____________、____________、____________。

②____________。

20.( 14 points)

( 1)_______________。 (2)_________,__________,____________。

(3) _ _ _ _ _ _ > _ _ _ _ _ (represented by element symbols); __________________。

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

(4)____________________________________________________________________。

(5)______________________。

(6)_____________,____________________________________________________。

Verb (abbreviation of verb) is not a multiple-choice question (this big question has a total score of 13)

2 1.( 13 points)

( 1)________________________。

(2)_____________________________________________________________________。

(3)__________。

(4)①_______________________。 ②_____________。

(5)______________; ________________。

(6)____________________。 ____________________

The mid-term exam of the second semester of the 2008-2009 school year in Qidong Middle School, Jiangsu Province.

Reference Answers and Grading Criteria of Chemistry Test Questions in Senior One Experimental Class

1. Multiple-choice question: (There are 8 small questions in this big question, with 3 points for each small question, totaling 24 points).

Title 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Answer B C D B C D D C

Second, the indefinite multiple-choice question: (This big question contains 6 small questions, with 4 points for each small question, totaling 24 points).

Title: 9101121314.

Answer D CD B D BD B

3. Non-multiple choice questions (this big question contains 3 small questions, with a total of 26 points)

15. (3 points for each space, 9 points in total)

( 1)C (2)C (3)D

16.(9 points)

( 1) 1 s22s22p 4； ( 1)

(2)H2S, NH2-, etc. (65438+ 0 point per grid)

(3) a; (2 points)

(4)20; (2 points)

(5)① polarity; ② There are hydrogen bonds between water molecules; (65438+ 0 point per grid)

17. (2 points for each space, 8 points in total)