Talking about the methods and strategies of children's frustration education, a sound personality is also an important aspect of children's development. It is very important to appropriately reduce the pressure on children, and the education of children must not be "exciting". The following are the methods and strategies of children's frustration education.
On the methods and strategies of children's frustration education 1 Children's frustration education is helpful to children's growth. First of all, we should understand what real frustration education is. Frustration education does not mean that there is no encouragement and affirmation. Parents' attitude is a key. As a child's first teacher, you must pay attention to the following situations. Parents should try to avoid negative comments, such as "Don't try again, it's useless to try again" and "Don't do it if you can't do it well", such as "Although you didn't succeed, I want to praise you because you have the courage to try, which is good." "You have to believe in yourself. Mom and Dad believe you can do it.
The benefits of frustration education
Makarenko, a famous educator, once earnestly warned us that a reasonable and appropriate punishment education is not only reasonable, but also very necessary. Frustration education refers to letting the educated suffer setbacks in the process of education, so as to stimulate the potential of the educated and achieve the purpose of enabling the educated to effectively master knowledge. Experiencing certain setbacks is conducive to the formation of children's strong will. Starting from children's psychological characteristics, children's casual sexual activities occupy the main position. Therefore, under the new educational concept, children should be provided with more frustration education to get up after falling. This is a very important tempering process for children, which not only strengthens the will but also exercises the ability to overcome difficulties.
Four stages of frustration education
Frustration education cannot be achieved overnight, and parents should "treat" their children step by step in four stages.
The first stage: cultivate children's trust. Applicable age: 0 ~ 1 year, low and young stage.
Children's frustration education should start from birth. Children at this stage need extra care and cultivation from their parents. Parents should actively establish a healthy parent-child relationship with their children, so that children can have a good sense of trust in the family and the environment and lay the foundation for communication with their children.
The second stage: cultivate children's self-care ability. Applicable age: 1 ~ 3 years old, infant stage.
When the child can stand and walk, let him do it independently on the premise of ensuring safety, and don't always hold or help him step. The development of children's movements is also the continuous development and improvement of their psychology. When the children are older, they can try to take care of their own lives, cultivate their self-confidence in the process of taking care of themselves, and move towards future life and communication.
The third stage: cultivate children's psychological independence. Applicable age: 3 ~ 5 years old, kindergarten stage.
Usually we always educate our children to help others, and we are doing our best to help them. However, sometimes children need to do things independently, but if they give too much help, they will become dependent. As long as the child is interested in something, encourage him to do it independently.
The fourth stage: cultivate children's ability to solve problems. Applicable age: 5 ~ 6 years old, preschool stage.
After children enter the classroom, traditional education attaches importance to mathematical logic and language expression ability, but this is only one aspect of learning. More importantly, we should cultivate his curiosity and the ability to think and solve problems independently. Many children always like to ask questions in the end, which is the performance of his thinking. At this time, parents should answer questions patiently, even if they can't answer, don't be afraid of losing face. They can consult books and conduct experiments with children to explore.
Two mistakes that parents are easy to make in frustration education
Mistake 1: Parents don't help their children summarize the reasons for failure.
In the baby talent competition held by the community, only three children won the prize, and they were all smiling on the stage. None of the award-winning children in the audience is silent and serious, and neither are our parents. Later, a girl sobbed quietly with her mouth flat, and then all the children who didn't win the prize cried. In the face of this situation, we can only comfort our children: "It doesn't matter, lose if you lose. The children who won the prize haven't played as well as us. "
It is not a bad thing for children to cry because they lost the game. It is not only a natural vent of emotions, but also a manifestation of being competitive and demanding progress. At this time, parents can't tell their children that "it doesn't matter if they lose", otherwise it will encourage his indifference. It is to help him analyze the causes of failure, realize his own shortcomings, and let the children gain something.
Mistake 2: Parents impose ideas on their children.
In the open class held in kindergarten, many children don't want to speak. Occasionally, their little hands are raised and immediately put down, and then they turn their heads to look at their mother's face. Many mothers pull a long face and frown, asking their children to speak as soon as possible with expectant eyes, and the children have to reluctantly raise their hands.
Parents should first change their ideas, don't impose the concept of taking it for granted on their children, give them more choices, let them do what they like, and really inspire their children's ability to resist setbacks from the heart. If they fall, they should know how to get up.
Methods of parents' frustration education
Parents should first realize that childhood is a critical period for the formation of individual personality. It is very necessary for children to consciously taste some hardships of life, let them know that the road of life is bumpy, and learn to receive education in setbacks, which is very necessary for cultivating their fighting spirit, independent consciousness, courage to cope with difficulties and psychological endurance.
Secondly, we should understand that frustration education runs through every day, and those adults seem to be trivial matters. If the child falls, some parents will rush to help the child and say to the child, "This place is really bad. Let the baby trip and we will land. "
As a result, children attribute falls to external factors and dare not face setbacks correctly. The correct way is to help him understand the causes and countermeasures of setbacks, such as telling children that "walking on the ground will not trip over stones."
As parents, we should boldly put down the "umbrella" and let our children do what they can, even if the clothes are in a mess, even if rice grains are spilled everywhere. Let children experience setbacks in the process of doing it and learn to overcome difficulties.
Third, parents can consciously create situations for their children and let them get various exercises, that is, let them participate in various activities and learn to overcome difficulties and setbacks through experience. Socrates' approach to the children who broke the glass was to leave the children who made mistakes alone in the house, let them experience the cold and loneliness, and let them find their mistakes and correct them.
Fourth, parents should not only have the courage to put their children in difficulties and hardships, but also have the patience to guide them out of setbacks and confusion.
According to statistics, about 30% of the mental illness of primary and middle school students in China is due to the setbacks and blows they experienced when they were young. When children experience setbacks, they often have negative emotions and resistance.
On the one hand, parents should pay attention to helping their children get a successful experience to overcome difficulties, so as to improve the level of "self-efficacy" and enhance self-confidence.
On the other hand, let children understand that some setbacks cannot be prevented or avoided through personal subjective efforts. To treat them, we should teach children to use some psychological defense mechanisms reasonably and maintain a healthy psychological state. For example, if a child is black and laughed at, parents can comfort the child: "Black skin is healthier, and I think you are cute."
Life has to go through countless hardships and tempering. Only by putting children through such tempering at an early age can they face everything firmly and independently.
Problems that should be paid attention to in frustration education
In the process of creating and using difficult situations, we must pay attention to the following questions:
1, we must pay attention to moderation and moderation.
The situation set for children must be difficult, which can cause children's frustration, but it should not be too difficult, and children can overcome it through hard work. At the same time, children can't face too many problems at once. Moderate and moderate setbacks can make children adjust their mentality, correctly choose external behaviors, overcome difficulties and pursue the next goal; Excessive frustration will damage children's self-confidence and enthusiasm, make children feel serious frustration and fear, and eventually lose interest and confidence.
2. Encourage your child when he retreats from difficulties.
Let children realize that people will encounter many setbacks in their lives. The key lies in how we correctly understand and treat it. Only by going forward bravely can we finally overcome difficulties and setbacks. In addition, when children make great efforts to achieve certain results, they should be affirmed in time, so that children can see their abilities and face new difficulties confidently.
3. Children caught in severe punishment and frustration situations should be guided in time.
For example, help children analyze the subjective and objective reasons of setbacks and find out the crux of failure. If necessary, it can help children achieve their goals step by step, and let them realize that only by overcoming difficulties can they move forward, and the whole process of reaching the standard is a process of constant difficulties. Usually, we should be good at observing children's activities and grasping their development trends. If the child fails in several attempts to overcome difficulties, he should give concrete help in time.
4. Create more opportunities for children to communicate with their peers.
Communicating with peers can help children find different views from themselves, so as to better understand others and themselves and overcome self-centeredness. In peer groups, children often experience some setbacks, such as disagreement and submission to the position of being led. In this way, they must learn how to get along well and cooperate with each other through constant tempering, so as to better safeguard their position among peers. And this kind of training helps to improve children's resilience. On the other hand, mutual communication and guidance between peers can also help children overcome difficulties and solve problems better.
On the methods and strategies of children's frustration education II. First, we should guide children to learn psychological adjustment.
Psychological factors directly affect people's study, work and life, and also affect people's physical and mental health. Long-term persistent negative emotional state not only affects the development of potential, but also causes many psychological or physical diseases. Therefore, it is very important to actively develop children's emotional intelligence, that is, study and exercise to control negative emotions.
Second, we should educate children to establish an optimistic spirit.
Optimism often makes people in a relaxed and happy state of mind, emotionally stable and full of energy. If a child is full of optimism, he must have a desire to be proactive. Optimistic children often see the bright side when they encounter setbacks and failures, and can quickly discover new meanings and values.
Cultivate children's optimism, and children should also learn humor. When learning and life encounter setbacks and difficulties, humorous behavior and language often make the dilemma easy and natural, and relax the nervous spirit.
Third, encourage children to have a confident attitude.
Confidence is power. Only with self-confident consciousness and positive attitude can we improve our emotional adjustment ability, and impulse control and self-motivation can be the basis and guarantee for success. Parents should encourage their children to summon up courage and work hard. When children make efforts to achieve certain results, they should be affirmed in time, so that children can see their abilities and be more confident to face new difficulties. Encouragement is especially suitable for timid, timid and introverted children.
Fourth, use positive psychological suggestion to adjust emotions.
Everyone is eager for success, and for children, success is manifested in everything around them. He built a pile of building blocks into a tall building, and he experienced success; A compliment, his satisfied smile, he experienced success. If a child can often experience success, he will gradually feel that successful things make me happy, enhance my self-confidence and make me feel that I have the ability to overcome difficulties and win. Therefore, it is necessary to create more opportunities for children to experience success and let them form positive psychological hints.
Fifth, strive to overcome the shortcomings of self-centeredness.
Patient parents and democratic upbringing are conducive to cultivating children's lively, cheerful, studious and honest character, thus enhancing their frustration tolerance. At the same time, communication with peers can make children experience some setbacks, so that children can learn how to get along and cooperate with peers through constant tempering, better understand others and themselves, and overcome the shortcomings of self-centeredness. These are conducive to the cultivation of children's frustration tolerance.