1. Overview of educational psychology: research object and content of educational psychology. The research object of educational psychology: Educational psychology aims to understand students' learning psychology and create effective teaching situations accordingly, thus promoting students' learning; The research content of educational psychology: the elements of learning and teaching: students, teachers, teaching content, teaching media and teaching environment; The process of learning and teaching: learning process, teaching process, evaluation and reflection process.

2. The development of educational psychology. Educational psychology is the product of the development of politics, economy, education and psychological science in the19th century. Its development has gone through a tortuous process, from being attached to general psychology or integrated into developmental psychology at first, to becoming an independent discipline and forming a relatively complete system.

3. Individual differences and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. Cognitive differences: differences in ability types, ability development level, ability performance in the morning and evening, special ability and intelligence gender.

Expand knowledge:

Enlightenment and significance of individual differences in students' cognition to teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. Create a teaching organization form that adapts to students' cognitive differences; Adopt teaching methods that adapt to students' cognitive differences; Try to personalize teaching methods and use teaching methods that adapt to cognitive differences.