Urbanization, also known as urbanization, refers to the historical process that a country or region gradually changes from a traditional rural society dominated by agriculture to a modern urban society dominated by non-agricultural industries such as industry (secondary industry) and service industry (tertiary industry) with the development of social productive forces, the progress of science and technology and the adjustment of industrial structure.

Second, the characteristics of urbanization:

1, the proportion of urban population in the total population is rising;

2. In the industrial structure, the proportions of agriculture, industry and other industries are changing with each other.

3. The level of urbanization is directly proportional to the growth of per capita GNP;

4. High-level urbanization is not only based on the development of secondary and tertiary industries, but also the result of agricultural modernization.

Third, the impact:

1, positive impact:

1) Reasonable urbanization can improve the environment. By leveling the land, building water conservancy facilities, greening the environment and other measures, the environment will be transformed into a direction conducive to improving people's living standards and promoting social development, and the pressure of human activities on the environment will be reduced.

2) As the economic center of regional development, it can promote regional economic development, and the improvement of regional economic level can promote the development of cities;

3) Promote the change of production mode, settlement form, lifestyle and values.

2. Negative effects:

1) Environmental problems:

2) Social problems:

3) Economic impact and food problems: