To deepen the supply-side structure, we can start from the following aspects: promoting industrial upgrading and optimizing layout, strengthening scientific and technological innovation and personnel training, improving the financial system and supporting policies, strengthening infrastructure construction and ecological environment protection, and strengthening social security and public services.

1. Promote industrial upgrading and optimize layout. By adjusting the industrial structure, developing strategic emerging industries and advanced manufacturing industries, the technical content and added value of traditional industries will be improved, and the total factor productivity will be improved. In addition, it is necessary to optimize the industrial layout in different regions, strengthen the coordinated development of industries in different regions, and reduce the imbalance of regional economy.

2. Strengthen scientific and technological innovation and personnel training. Increase innovation support, improve the ability and level of scientific and technological innovation, and cultivate and expand the main body of innovation in emerging industries. At the same time, strengthen the cultivation and introduction of scientific and technological innovation talents in universities and enterprises, build a high-quality and high-level knowledge-based talent team, and provide strong support for the supply-side structure.

3. Improve the financial system and supporting policies. Deepen the financial system, reduce the financing cost of the real economy, increase financial support for small and micro enterprises, promote technological and financial innovation, and improve infrastructure and rural financial services. In addition, we should strengthen the coordination of macroeconomic policies and provide a more stable and sustainable development environment.

4. Strengthen infrastructure construction and ecological environment protection. Increase investment in infrastructure construction, improve infrastructure quality and efficiency, and create better conditions for industrial upgrading and employment. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen environmental protection, promote green development, optimize the ecological environment and provide people with a healthier and more livable living environment.

5. Strengthen social security and public services. Improve the social security system, improve the level of social security and provide more comprehensive and reliable social security services. At the same time, increase investment in public services such as education, medical care and culture, improve the quality and efficiency of public services, and meet people's needs for a better life.

The essence of reform

1, mode of supply

Supply-side reform is essentially to reform the supply mode of government public policy, that is, to reform the production, output, implementation, revision and adjustment mode of public policy, to better coordinate with market orientation and give full play to the decisive role of market in resource allocation.

In the final analysis, supply-side reform is to standardize the government's power according to the requirements of market orientation. Talking about supply-side reform without the decisive role of market in allocating resources and restraining invisible hand with tangible hand will not only help the adjustment of economic structure and industrial structure, but also damage the existing market-oriented reform achievements.

2. Supply structure

Judging from China Central Committee's explicit proposal of "promoting supply-side structural reform and improving the supply efficiency and quality of the supply system", supply-side reform is a market-oriented government reform based on supply constraints required by the market.

Judging from the phased tasks of supply-side reform, whether it is flattening the market access threshold, truly realizing the equalization of national treatment, reducing the degree of monopoly, relaxing administrative control, reducing financing costs, reducing taxes to benefit the people, or reducing the supply restrictions of production factors such as land, labor, technology, capital and management. In fact, they are all the contents of government reform.