Teachers should fully understand the countryside, grasp the advantages of the countryside through various channels, and make adequate educational preparations in advance. The hardware facilities of rural kindergartens are not better than those of cities, but they are endowed with unique material conditions. Being in nature in rural areas is more conducive to children's growth than high-rise buildings in cities. All kinds of creatures and plants in nature can be in close contact with children, so that children can know nature from an early age and cultivate their feelings for nature. In the process of education, rural areas can provide real physical models for teaching, good and safe outdoor activities, simple folk customs can create a harmonious social atmosphere for children, and rich folk activities can increase children's knowledge. The whole rural environment is a natural educator.
Second, the improvement of education curriculum.
The Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education points out: "All kinds of kindergartens must proceed from reality, implement quality education according to local conditions, and make comprehensive use of various educational resources to create good conditions for children's development and lay a good foundation for their lifelong development." However, in the teaching process, we found that the contents of many textbooks did not conform to the educational reality of rural kindergartens. There are many things in the existing curriculum that are difficult or even inaccessible to rural kindergartens, but the familiar and rich local social and cultural resources around us are rarely mentioned, which can not give full play to the advantages of rural education. According to the syllabus, as teachers, we should make some changes in the teaching process, improve the content of textbooks and be closer to reality.
The improvement of the curriculum, first, often bring children into contact with nature, organize thematic activities on natural science and humanities, so that children can get rich physical experience and spiritual feelings. Secondly, the traditional folk culture and customs are integrated into the curriculum, which not only enriches the curriculum content, but also inherits the traditional folk culture. The third is to integrate activities into textbooks, and education runs through them, which is the systematic acquisition of knowledge by children. Fourth, bring local rural specialties and scenic spots into the classroom, enrich classroom culture and cultivate children's love for their hometown.
In this way, as mentioned in the syllabus, "teachers can find resources for teaching development from children's real life, and have a substantial impact on them through activities that act on children, so that they can gain experience and acquire certain knowledge and skills."
Third, listen to children's voices.
Children are the subject and center of education. In curriculum design and activity organization, although it is for children, it is largely due to teachers' subjective consciousness and the ideas of talents that society wants to cultivate, and does not fully consider what children are interested in, so teachers should learn to listen to the voices in children's hearts. This requires teachers to observe children's behavior in peacetime, understand children's hobbies in life and study, adjust the contents of courses and activities, and realize real teacher-student interaction.
Four, make full use of rural resources to carry out education and teaching activities.
In practice, teachers should follow the principle of adapting to local conditions, establish and uphold the values of "making the best use of everything", actively explore and tap all available resources around them, and lay a solid foundation for educating children.
1. Make the classroom close to life
In the classroom, how can teachers carry out education and teaching activities according to local conditions? Children aged 2-5 develop rapidly in neuropsychology, language, memory, thinking, imagination and fine movements. They are curious about the external environment, easy to imitate, and tend to transition to intelligent development. According to children's physical and mental development, teachers strengthen children's perception of physical objects in practical teaching. For example, when teaching children to draw, teachers can make full use of the resources provided by the countryside, such as all kinds of fruits and animals, and teachers can show the physical objects in front of the children. The small animals, leaves, stones, fruits, vegetables and so on mentioned in the textbook can provide children with real models, so that children can feel and touch when learning the contents of the textbook, make the whole classroom lively, and let children integrate theory with practice. Being able to see, touch and feel is a three-dimensional education.
2. In outdoor activities, guide children to learn actively.
Mud, sand, stones, water, flowers and plants can be seen everywhere in rural kindergartens, which can be used as toys for children and teaching materials for teachers. In children's games, teachers can guide children to actively create and learn. If children play with mud, teachers can stimulate children's imagination and let them shape mud into their favorite image; Guide children to observe the growth of flowers and plants, the flow of water, the shape of small insects and the relationship between these things. Teachers can find a small piece of farmland and lead their children to grow some simple vegetables, flowers or fruits in the farmland according to different seasons. At work, the children's bodies have been exercised, which makes them know different plants, increases their biological knowledge, and makes them understand that food is hard to come by and should be cherished. When the weather is fine, teachers can also lead children to go for an outing and teach them some simple ways to cook food with our own vegetables and fruits. In the outing, you can play games such as grasping words and counting to enhance your child's Chinese and math foundation. In fact, the methods of education are changeable, but they are all the same. Teachers should teach children in accordance with their aptitude according to their actual situation. It is also necessary to adapt to local conditions according to the actual situation of the educational environment.
In all education, teachers should follow the method of adapting to local conditions. In rural areas, preschool education is inseparable from everything in rural areas, and all education comes from life. Among them, the environment has a profound influence on children's development, and the countryside, as a big educational environment, has a broad development space and rich material and cultural resources, which requires teachers to constantly explore according to the changes of the environment and social development in the teaching process, and constantly transform them into resources that can be used for education, laying a good foundation for children's education and growth. At the same time, it will also enhance teachers' educational ability and personality charm.
Preschool education is the cornerstone of all education. Mr. Tao Xingzhi once said: "In the hands of teachers, the fate of the nation and mankind is at stake." This requires preschool teachers to teach students in accordance with their aptitude and adapt to local conditions.