First, closely combine classroom teaching: junior high school biology tells the composition and function of male and female sexual reproductive system respectively; Fertilization, embryo formation and development; The stage of human development; Morphological and functional development of adolescence; Adolescent sexual development; Adolescent nutrition and health; Spermatorrhea and its hygiene; Knowledge of menstrual hygiene and adolescent mental health. Because sexual knowledge is scientific knowledge, sex should not be regarded as a shameful thing, let alone avoided. Therefore, teachers should be sincere and generous in teaching, face students directly, and never be ashamed to talk about what they are talking about. Combined with this series of knowledge learning, students can obtain sexual knowledge suitable for their own development level, so as to correctly treat their physical and mental changes and achieve psychological balance.
Second, the use of pictures, models, videos and other teaching: in order to deepen understanding, in teaching, students should be organized to watch the video of "The Mystery of the Human Body" in two groups, so that they can understand their own physiological structure and correctly understand the reproductive organs, without being mysterious. When boys and girls get along, they should help each other, encourage each other, make progress together and establish sincere friendship.
Third, make clear the correct and positive guiding direction: the content of sexual knowledge is not comprehensive, and the knowledge is narrow, such as the causes of nocturnal emission and menstruation, the combination of sperm and eggs is a necessary condition for fertilization, uterine pregnancy, vaginal delivery, etc. There are no words such as sexual behavior, early marriage and unmarried pregnancy. Therefore, middle school students should get enough information directly related to their daily life to control their behavior and make rational choices. In view of this, we should teach students the knowledge of sexual physiology and psychology, and guide them with health knowledge in time, so that students can correctly understand the structure and function of male and female reproductive organs, understand the law of sexual physiological development and sexual consciousness development, and tell about the pregnancy process, so as to achieve self-esteem and self-love. For girls, guide them to menstrual health care and develop good hygiene habits. For boys, guide them to correctly understand nocturnal emission and frequent nocturnal emission and their causes, and how to quit the bad habit of frequent masturbation. Turn your energy to study.
Fourth, establish a correct concept of making friends. In the communication between boys and girls, it is inevitable that sometimes we can't grasp the boundary between friendship and love, can't treat the friendship between classmates correctly, and sometimes mistake the normal communication between classmates for love, or imitate adults to make some inappropriate moves. Some parents and teachers, for fear of their children falling in love prematurely, look at them with colored glasses, thus leaving a shadow in their hearts. Children should be told that their thoughts are far from mature and that friendship should be treated correctly. For love, only when you step into the society and have extensive contact with the opposite sex can you have a comparative and discriminating vision and find a lifelong partner who really suits you.
5. Be a student's bosom sister. For things that you don't want to say in person or doubts about your mind and body, you can ask students to write letters, take confidentiality measures to protect privacy, and establish a relationship with students with teachers on the stage and close friends off the stage. Solve their troubles in life and obstacles in their hearts in time, let them spend their adolescence healthily and put their energy into their studies. Adolescence is the golden period of physical and intellectual development in a person's life, so we should seize the time to study hard. Don't be anxious about the normal physiological phenomena we show, treat them correctly, do a good job in mental and physical health, actively participate in various beneficial cultural and sports activities and social activities, communicate with classmates and parents more, concentrate on active learning, honor parents, respect teachers, and spend the best golden time in life healthily.
extreme
Adolescent middle school students are the focus of family, school and society. Facing the complex social environment and the physiological and psychological changes in their own growth, middle school students show adolescent turmoil and extreme confusion and confusion. Youth education is a prominent problem at present, which is related to the growth of the whole next generation. Paying attention to students' adolescent education and adolescent mental health education is an important topic in education and teaching in the new period.
First of all, the school has developed a variety of adolescent education and teaching methods.
(1) Integrate adolescent education into the education of various disciplines.
Teachers in all classes, especially those in biology and morality classes, should make full use of teaching materials and combine students' usual confusion to educate students on puberty physiology, psychology and moral cultivation irregularly. Do positive scientific guidance, let students understand the reasons for their physical and mental changes, develop good habits, and cultivate good psychological quality and moral cultivation.
(2) to carry out special lectures on adolescent education in a timely manner and broadcast audio-visual materials.
In view of the current situation of students' early development and unsystematic family education, boys and girls were organized to watch audio-visual materials about their sexual development and health care. Combined with the brotherhood and communication between boys and girls in middle school, the Political and Educational Affairs Office and the grade group pointed out that normal communication and friendship between boys and girls can bring happiness, enhance courage and improve ability; Guide students to make clear the criteria for choosing friends, correct the attitude of making friends and make real friends; Invite celebrities to give special lectures, organize and tell advanced and touching stories of successful people in adolescence, and tell students that adolescence is a good time to study and exercise, to work hard and to be positive. The power of example is infinite. Inspired by the example, students know honor and disgrace, distinguish right from wrong, and concentrate on their studies.
(3) Pay attention to the education of individual students.
For individual students with problems, through psychological counseling and home visits, we can understand the root causes of students' disobedience to parents and teachers, weariness of learning, excessive attention to the opposite sex, puppy love and other problems. Through individual persuasion and education, help students understand themselves correctly, understand others, strengthen self-control and adjustment, and concentrate on their studies.
(4) Establish and improve school rules and regulations.
Establish and improve school rules and regulations, restrain students and cultivate students' good moral quality. According to students' physiological and psychological characteristics, establish relevant rules and regulations to manage and restrain students' thoughts and behaviors. For example, the specific regulations on appearance and affectation tell students that a person's external beauty is not fundamental beauty, but inner beauty is real beauty. It is forbidden for underage students to go to internet cafes, so that students can devote their energy to their own study in a standardized learning atmosphere.
(5) to carry out a variety of collective activities
Sports meetings, basketball games, literary competitions, music, sports, facial make-up competitions, legal knowledge competitions and social practice activities have created good conditions for students' physical and mental development. Pay attention to the connection with youth education in the activities, such as "Strive to be five good young citizens", "Civilization and Politeness Month", "Eight Honors and Eight Disgraces", "Welcome the Olympics, Promote Harmony" and "Build a Sunshine Campus" and other reading activities, so that students can read materials and write their feelings. Seize the opportunity to promote the development of moral education in combination with traditional festivals in China.
(6) Ask judicial personnel to make legal reports.
Through telling real cases by judicial personnel, students can learn lessons from teenagers who have lost their feet and get profound education from negative examples.
Second, families and schools should work together to make concerted efforts.
1. Pay as little attention to study as possible and decompress children.
Although we have been paying more attention to children's learning, on the contrary, we have not created a harmonious learning atmosphere. Don't always focus on children's studies. Realize that the child is 18 years old. He can hold his own ideas and opinions on many things, including his own study. Don't think that parents can improve their children's grades by staring at them every day. In fact, these worries are all in vain. The more concerned, the more disgusted children are, and the more they refuse to study hard from their hearts. Actually, it's already like this.
When children go to high school, learning has a process of adjustment and adaptation. At this stage, when children have problems in learning methods and motivation, parents can't solve them at all. Don't face it directly at this time, let the children face it themselves and find a solution to the problem. Parents can communicate with teachers in an all-round way and even give feedback to their children at the right time. Pay less attention to children's learning. Although they don't talk about learning on the surface, children also know that this is the top priority in their parents' minds. The family atmosphere is relaxed, and children study in a relaxed state. Once children communicate with their parents with questions, they will change from passive obedience to active telling.
2. Establish communication with teachers
In the process of communicating with the teacher, listen to the teacher's voice dialectically and listen to the teacher's evaluation of the child. Synthesize the teacher's opinions. Understand the advantages and disadvantages of children from the teacher, take these as the starting point of the topic and guide them inadvertently.
3. Pay attention to children's topics (interests)
Pay attention to study and care about life. We have a saying "grow up with children". In the age of no doubt, we are behind the times in consciousness, knowledge and concept. Learning from children is what we really want to do, otherwise, we will not be able to enter the hearts of children and will not be favored by them. You can try to get closer to your children and find common ground in their interests. To put it bluntly, it is a roundabout strategy, and it is not easy to be a parent.
4. Communication begins with table culture.
A family of three starts with the simplest topic, seemingly inadvertently chatting, aiming at the child's interest and letting the child speak from it. If the child is relaxing, consciously let the child help him and let the child understand his parents better.
5. Master communication skills
Listening is the "language" of communication. Equality, seriousness, word for word, put down anything in your hand and listen to the child finish, and then present your analysis and suggestions to the child. How to do it and what to do are children's own games. The premise of listening is respect, that is to say, we are equal, and parents should respect their children's right and wrong behavior. On this premise, we should talk about our views very sincerely, that's all. In this way, the results of the child's behavior will be discussed with you, and the opinions of the child after the experience will also be discussed with you.