1, scientific contraceptive methods
Wedding date: Contraceptive measures during the wedding date should be simple and easy to master, and will not affect future pregnancy. If you don't want to have children within five years, it is suggested that you can choose an intrauterine device. If you don't want to have children in the short term, it is recommended that couples who are pregnant after half a year to one year choose oral contraceptives. If you don't want to take medicine or use intrauterine devices, you can choose condoms.
After giving birth to a baby: In the hospital, you can often meet a new mother who has just given birth to a baby for a few months and go to the hospital to have an abortion. At present, IUD is the most suitable contraceptive measure for lactating women.
If it is a natural delivery, you can place an intrauterine device 3 months after menstruation. Contraception after cesarean section should be started two months after delivery, and the intrauterine device should be placed after most of the scars on the uterine muscle wall soften half a year after delivery. The best contraceptive method for postpartum breastfeeding is to use condoms.
Recovery period after abortion: During induced abortion, if the pregnancy is within 7 weeks and the uterus contracts well after operation, an intrauterine device or an intrauterine birth control system can be placed at the same time for long-term contraception. However, other contraceptive methods should be used for women who are pregnant unexpectedly due to the fall of the contraceptive ring, preferably oral short-acting contraceptives.
"Menopause": There are three kinds of contraceptive methods commonly used at this stage:
Male condom: if the female private parts are dry, contraceptive ointment can be applied to the condom;
Contraceptive suppository: it can be dissolved at body temperature and used for contraception and lubrication in menopause;
IUD: IUD that has been put in should not be taken out in a hurry when menstrual disorder occurs during menopause, and it is best to take it out after menopause for six months to one year.
Do not reposition the IUD during menopause, because early bleeding after placement may cover up the timely detection of uterine diseases.
Special disease period: Many chronic diseases put forward higher requirements for female contraceptive measures. For example, diabetics should not take birth control pills; Women with acute and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, severe cervicitis and other diseases should not place intrauterine devices. It is best for such women to choose contraceptive methods on the advice of doctors.
There are three ways to remedy unprotected sex: within 72 hours, one is to go to the pharmacy to buy the contraceptive Yuting, and the other is to go to the hospital to prescribe mifepristone; If it exceeds 72 hours, you should go to the hospital to get the IUD within 5 days. But we should remind people that Yu Ting has a certain failure rate. Mifepristone is more effective.
It should be noted that these two drugs can only be taken once, and then unprotected sex occurs. You must take them again. In addition, the sooner you eat, the better. The success rate of putting on the ring is higher than taking medicine.
2, the wrong method of contraception
Interrupting sexual intercourse has many disadvantages, none of which are good. The failure rate of interrupting sexual intercourse is very high, and many people often cannot use contraception because of poor mastery. Moreover, using this contraceptive method, men must maintain a high degree of vigilance in the whole life of husband and wife, and have been under great psychological pressure on men for a long time. After contraceptive failure, husband and wife often complain to each other, which not only affects the quality of sexual life, but also affects the feelings between the two.
The safety period is not safe. Women of childbearing age are most likely to get pregnant within 2 ~ 3 days after ovulation every month. It is difficult to conceive for more than 20 days in a month, which is called "safety period". But the "safety period" is not safe. Although women's ovulation time is mostly in the middle of menstruation, due to external environment, temperature, mood, health and other factors, ovulation time can be advanced or postponed, and extra ovulation may also occur.
The success rate of breastfeeding is less than 90%. After delivery, sucking the nipple can reflexively inhibit the mother's hypothalamus, thus inhibiting ovarian ovulation. Using this anovulatory characteristic can play a role in contraception. But this method is not reliable.
Menstruation is unsafe and unhealthy. A few women still have the possibility of ovulation during menstruation. In addition, due to the exposure of intrauterine wounds during menstruation, blood loss and blood as a culture medium, such a female private part environment is easy to cause local infection and abdominal pain, which may seriously lead to female private part inflammation or pelvic inflammatory disease, and also increase the incidence of endometriosis.
Pregnancy during menopause is still possible. When a woman reaches menopause, although the ovarian function decreases and the secretion of estrogen and progesterone decreases, it is still possible for the ovary to ovulate and get pregnant. In this regard, menopausal women should also insist on contraception until after menopause 1 ~ 2 years.
Don't fall into these misunderstandings.
At present, Chinese women have many misunderstandings about contraception, mainly focusing on contraceptives and intrauterine devices.
Myth 1: Birth control pills can lead to obesity and spots on the face. These are the problems of the old generation of contraceptives in China in the 1950s and 1960s. The new generation of short-acting oral contraceptives has low hormone dosage, few adverse reactions and even the function of treating other diseases.
Myth 2: Emergency contraception is the "protector" of the same room. Emergency contraception can only be used occasionally and cannot be used as a routine contraceptive project. This medicine contains a lot of hormones. If used repeatedly, the failure rate of contraception is high, and it will also lead to endocrine disorders.
Myth 3: IUD can lead to menstrual disorders. It is true that some women have just put a copper-containing intrauterine device, and their menstruation will be unclean. This is a process in which the body gradually adapts. The new intrauterine birth control system containing progesterone can effectively control menstrual flow, shorten bleeding days and treat menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea.
Myth 4: Condoms can be reused in the middle of sexual life. You need to use condoms all the time, because a small amount of sperm usually flows out of the urethral orifice before ejaculation, which will greatly reduce the success rate of contraception.
Myth 5: induced abortion is harmless to the body. Painless induced abortion may be painless at that time, but it is very harmful to women, and it is easy to cause tubal blockage, affect endometrial function and cause infertility. Some women may be deprived of their rights as mothers after only one abortion.
4. Contraceptive measures
1. The dosage and usage of various contraceptives are different. Please read the instructions carefully before use. Do not take long-acting drugs as short-acting drugs continuously to avoid damaging liver function.
2. Life span of oral contraceptives: short-acting contraceptives can be taken continuously for 6 to 7 years, and long-acting contraceptives can be taken continuously for 3 to 4 years. If you need to take it for a long time, you should have a regular physical examination.
3. Special requirements for women who want to have children: When using birth control pills, women who want to get pregnant have to stop taking drugs for 6 months before they can get pregnant, otherwise it will have an impact on the fetus.
4. Custody of birth control pills: Some main ingredients of birth control pills are on the sugar coating, which should be placed in a dry place to prevent them from failing due to moisture.