A: Essentialism education appeared in the late 1930s, which is the opposite of pragmatism education and progressivism education. 1938 "Essentialists Promote american council on education" established in the United States is the symbol of the formation of essentialist education. Representative figures are Baglai, Conant and others. The main points are as follows: (1) In the inheritance of human culture, there are eternal and common elements that transcend time and space, and these elements are the foundation of national culture and ethnic culture. (2) In a democratic society, through school education, we should "make every generation have the understanding and ideal that represents the most precious elements of human inheritance". (3) The most important function of education is as far as possible. Therefore, "the teaching plan of special subjects containing these elements should be the core of democratic education system", hence the name of essentialism education: (4) Essentialism fiercely criticizes American progressive education. It emphasizes that the core of school education is the common element of human culture, and the teaching process must be a process of training wisdom; Students must study hard and concentrate on their studies, while emphasizing the core position of teachers in education and teaching.